Strength of Materials

( (ceng 1002) Semester II 2009 g )

Introduction

specimen in tensile test (ultimate strength), imwf Stuttgart

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Strength of Materials g Mechanics of Materials Mechanics of Solids from rigid to deformable bodies

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

stress
Cutting plane inner action equilibrium at particel

stress

max

F M = + A S

S=

I c

elastic section modulus

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Stress
example: suspended rod - cross section area A [cm] - Force F [kN]

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Stress
example: suspended rod - cross section area A [cm] - Force F [kN] F

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Stress
example: suspended rod - cross section area A [cm] - Force F [kN] cutting plane inner action equilibrium at particle F F A

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Stress
F example: suspended rod - cross section area A [cm] - Force F [kN] cutting plane inner action equilibrium at particle F F A stress = F / A [kN/cm] F F F F

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Strain
example: suspended rod -Length L g

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Strain
F example: suspended rod -Length L g -Elongation L L L

strain = L / L t i

L F F

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Strain
F example: suspended rod -Length L g -Elongation L L L L

2F

strain = L / L t i

strain proportional to stress

L1 F F

L2= 2L1 2F

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Hookes Law
linear correlation :

stress

strain

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Hookes Law
linear equation : = E E = Youngs Modulus stress
[kN/m] [kN/ ]

gradient E [kN/m]

strain

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Hookes Law
Example: Bungee Cable

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Hookes Law
Example: Bungee Cable - Stress Analysis - Serviceability

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Material Properties
stress-strain diagram of mild steel axial loading tensile test determination of tensile strength and Youngs Modulus

area of plasticity

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Material Properties
tensile test ductile material brittle material

image of failure, compression test p

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Material Properties deflection due to loading

Poissons Ratio

stress s

strain
specimen in tensile test (ultimate strength), imwf Stuttgart

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Deflection due to condition of loading

tension

compression

bending

torque

shear

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Material Properties
Concrete specimen in compression test

free

blocked

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Material Properties
Crack pattern of concrete beam

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Material Properties
Timber perpendicular tensile stress due to shrinkage

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Material Properties
Timber orthotropic material behaviour

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Material Properties
Timber - creep

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Material Properties
Timber - creep

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Material Properties
cycling curves for material creep p e.g. textiles
Danzer, S.18

time

time

time

time

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Material Properties
Steel deflection due to temperature (fire exposure) Brandschutzatlas
time

time

time

time

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Material Properties
Steel deflection due to temperature (fire exposure) Brandschutzatlas

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Material Properties

time

deflection due to temperature

time

time

time

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Stability
Buckling of columns Euler Formula

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Stability
Buckling of columns

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Stability
Buckling of columns

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Concept of Design

load assumption : material strength : stress analysis serviceability : :

safety factor reduction factor design stress < allowable stress (stability) design deflection < limit deflection

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Unexpected loads

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Design Project Bottle Bubble

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Design Project Bottle Bubble

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Lectures:

Wed 10:00 11:50 a.m. Room No4 am Karsten Schlesier

Tutorials: uto a s

10a Wed 3 30 5:20 p 0a ed 3:30 5 0 p.m. Room E120 oo 0 Ato Sofonias 10b Sat 10:00 11:50 a.m. Room E120 Ato Sofonias

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Lectures:

Thu 3:30 5:20 p m p.m. Mon 10:00 11:50 a.m. Karsten Schlesier

Room E129 Room E129

Tutorials:

8a Fri 10:00 11:50 a.m. Room RA8 Ato Abraham E E. 8b Tue 10:00 11:50 a.m. Room RA8 Ato Abraham E.

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

Assessment / Requirements Attendance is compulsory during lecture hours, tutorials and practical work sessions (except for unpredicted mishaps) watch notice for further details. Quota f T t l C Q t of Total Course Credit: C dit 40% mid-semester examination id t i ti 60% final-semester examination

Literature Lit t Popov, E.P., Mechanics of Materials Beer and Johnson, Mechanics of Materials, 2001 Gere and Timoshenko, M h i of M t i l 1990 G d Ti h k Mechanics f Materials,

E-learning Platform www.elboon.net www.ocw.mit.edu (elearning board online) under construction! MIT open courseware Solid Mechanics

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Department of Civil Engineering

G. Galileo

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY Faculty of Technology

Strength of Materials

Department of Civil Engineering