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3.30.10
FASTENER TRAINING
Cap Screws | Hex Nuts | Flat Washers
Fastener Training
Fastener are described by the: Thread Diameter, Thread Pitch, Length, Description, Grade and Plating
Ex: 1/2 13 x 3 Hex Head Cap Screw, Grade 8, Plain Below are three ways of describing the same fastener:
1. 1/4 20 UNC Class 2A x 1 Hex Head Cap Screw per ASME B18.2.1, Grade 5 per SAE J429, Zinc/Clear plated per ASTM B633 2. 1/4 - 20 x 1 Hex Cap Screw, Gr 5, Zn 3. 1/4 x 1 Hex Bolt, NC, 5, Z
Here are several more common fastener descriptions and what they mean.
Description: 1/2-20 Hex Nut, 8, ZY
What it means: They want a 1/2 diameter full hex nut with a fine thread (20 TPI) that is made from grade 8 steel and is plated zinc with yellow chromate.
The last three pages of this slide show and your hand out contains a list of common abbreviations used when describing fasteners.
Fastener Training
Cap Screw Features
Fastener Training
Fastener Training
.394"
Fastener Training
Fastener Training
Inch Cap Screw Strength Designations Inch Strength Designation s Tensile Strength (min) Material Properties
Grade 9
SAE Grades Grade 8 Grade 5 Grade 2 Grade 1 ASTM Grades A490 A325 B7 (A193) A307
180,000 psi
Alloy Steel
150,000 psi 120,000 psi to 90,000 psi 74,000 psi 60,000 psi
High Strength and Toughness Medium Strength Medium Strength with Excellent Toughness Low Strength
Metric Cap Screw Strength Levels Metric Strength Designations Property Class 12.9 Tensile Strength (min) 1220 MPa (177,000 psi) 1040 MPa (150,800 psi) 830 MPa (120,350 psi) 400 MPa (58,000 psi) Material Properties
Alloy Steel
Highest Strength Excellent Wear and Abrasion Resistance High Strength and Toughness Medium Strength (standard) Low Strength
Fastener Training
Head Markings Inch & Metric
Fastener Training
Types of Applications
Fastener Training
Platings & Coatings
Zinc Yellow
Fastener Training
Furnace Black (Plain) (black oxide from heat treatment) Plain (non-heat treated)
Corrosion Protection
Coating
Hot Dip Galvanized Zinc Yellow Zinc Plated (Zn/Clear) Furnace Black Plain
Fastener Training
Hex Nuts
Fastener Training
Fastener Training
Fastener Training
Flat Washers
Fastener Training
Fastener Training
Fastener Training
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Common Abbreviations used with Fasteners 18-8 Stainless Steel with 18% Chrome and 8% Nickel 2, 5 or 8 Strength grade of screw or nut 2A (3A) Class of Thread Fit for inch screws 2B (3B) Class of Thread fit for inch nuts 2H Nut strength level designation (ASTM A194 Grade 2H Heavy Hex Nut) 6g Class of thread fit for metric screws 6H Class of thread fit for metric nuts A325 Heavy Hex Structural Bolt (ASTM A325), similar to Grade 5 A490 Heavy Hex Structural Bolt ASTM A490), similar to Grade 8 A574 Strength grade for Socket head cap screws (ASTM A574) AISI American Iron and Steel Institute, specifies chemical composition of steels ANSI American National Standards Institute AS Alloy Steel ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials B When followed by a number (ex B-90) hardness measured on the Rockwell B Scale or an abbreviation for Boron Bake (Bake-Out) Heat Treat process used in plating to prevent Hydrogen Embrittlement Bevel Style of washer (square with a taper) used with I beams Belleville Style of lock washer, also called conical spring washer BHCS Button Head Cap Screw BHN Hardness measured with a Brinell Hardness Tester BS British Standard C When followed by a number (ex C-35) hardness measured on the Rockwell C Scale or an abbreviation for Carbon CH Case hardened (type of heat treatment) C/R Cross Recess Drive (typically Phillips style) or Chamfer/Radius Cad Cadmium Plating CAD Computer Aided Design/Drafting Cad/Wax Cadmium Plating with a topcoat of Wax COO Country of Origin CRES Corrosion resistant steel (usually refer to 18-8 or 316 stainless steel) CS (cs) Carbon Steel or Countersunk DAC (Dac 320) Dacromet Coating (Registered Trademark of Coatings International) D/C Nut Double Chamfered Nut (distinguish from washer faced) D/E Double Ended Stud DIN German Standards Organization Deltaseal Magnigard coating (registered trademark of Magni Engineered Coatings) Dorrltech Magnigard coating (registered trademark of Magni Engineered Coatings) Driseal Pipe Thread (registered trademark of Parker Hannifin) ET External Thread FB Flange Bolt F436 Hardened flat washer with dimensions per ASTM F436 FHCS Flat Head Cap Screw FIM Full Indicator Measurement Flng Hex Flange Bolt or Nut FW Flat Washer galv Galvanized, typically refers to Hot Dip Galvanized Gr Grade, refers to strength level of screw or nut (ex: Grade 2, Grade 5 or Grade 8) Hardened A product that has been heat treated HB Hex bolt or Hardness reading measured on the Brinell Scale H.T Heat Treated
Fastener Training
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HCS H.D.G. Hex Bolt HHCS HRB HRC HWH ID IFI IH in. ISO ISIR IT J429 J995 k Keps Kips ksi lb (lbs) Lb LCS Lg LH L/W M Magnigard Mfg mm MS MTR #3 (or #7) NC NE (NU, NTE, NTU) NF Nom NPT p P/B Ph Dr Pl P/N Phos (P & O) Pozi Drive PPAP psi PZ R Rb (RB or HRB) Rc (RC or HRC) RT SAE
Hex Cap Screw or High Carbon Steel Hot Dip Galvanized Can refer to either a bolt or a cap screw Hex Head Cap Screw (also an abbreviation for Heavy Hex Cap Screw) Hardness measured on the Rockwell B scale Hardness measured on the Rockwell C scale Hex Washer Head Identification (usually refers to manufacturer logo) Industrial Fastener Institute Indented Head Inch International Standards Organization Initial Sample Inspection Report Internal Thread SAE standard that specifies strength levels of screws SAE standard that specifies strength levels of nuts Short hand for the number 1,000 Nut with a permanently attached washer 1,000 pounds Thousand of pounds per square inch Pounds Body Length on screws Low Carbon Steel Grip Length (distance from head to full threads) on screws Left Hand Thread Lock Washer Metric or short hand for the number 1,000 Magni Coating (Registered Trademark of Magni Engineered Coatings) Manufacturer Millimeter Machine screw Material Test Report Refers to head design of a plow bolt Unified National Coarse Thread Designations that define the thickness of Nylon Insert Lock Nuts Unified National Fine Thread Nominal (reference dimension) National Tapered Pipe Thread Thread Pitch Plow Bolt Phillips Drive (cross recess) Plain finish Part Number Phosphate and Oil Coating (typically Zinc Phosphate and Oil) Special cross recess (registered trademark of Camcar Textron) Production Part Approval Process Pounds per square inch Pozi-Drive style of cross recess Radius Hardness measured on the Rockwell B scale Hardness measured on the Rockwell C scale Rolled Threads Society of Automotive Engineers, when used with washers it means small OD when used with screw or nuts means fine thread
Fastener Training
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Screw screw Sems Serrated SHCS Sl SMS Sq SS or S/S St Taptite T.H. TIR T/S Torx TPI TT (TR) TTH Type 1 (23, 25) Type AB (F, T) UNC UNRC UNF UNRF UNJ UNR USS
Can refer to any type of externally threaded fastener but typically a sheet metal Screw with a permanently attached washer Locking serrations on bearing face of screw or nut Socket Head Cap Screw Slotted Drive Sheet Metal Screw Square, can refer to square head bolt or square nut Stainless Steel Steel Special triangular thread forming screw (registered trademark of Reminc) Through Hardened (type of heat treatment) Total Indicator Reading Tapping Screw 6 Lobe Drive (Torx Drive, registered trademark of Camcar Textron) Threads per Inch Taptite thread (registered trademark of Reminc), also called Tri-Roundular Threaded to Head Special thread forming or cutting tapping screws Special thread forming or cutting tapping screws Unified National Coarse Thread Unified National Coarse Thread with Radius Root (standard rolled thread form) Unified National Fine Thread Unified National Fine Thread with Radius Root (standard rolled thread form) Unified National Thread with Large Radius Root (special fatigue resistant thread) Unified National Thread with radius root United States Standard when used with washers it is for large OD when used with screws or nuts it means coarse thread Ultimate Tensile Strength Width Across Corners Width Across Flats Washer Faced (can refer to a Nut or Cap Screw) British Thread Standard (not the same as UN threads) Yellow Chromate Yield Strength Zinc, usually referencing zinc plating (assumed to be zinc with clear chromate) Zinc Plating with Clear Chromate topcoat Zinc Phosphate and Oil (same as Phos and Oil) Zinc Plating with a topcoat of wax Zinc Plating with Yellow Chromate topcoat
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UTS WAC WAF W/F Whitworth Y YS Zn Zn/C (ZC) Zn Phos Zn/Wax Zn/Y (ZY)