October 1, 2008

SCIENCE FACTS

What is supersonic? The term supersonic is used to define a speed that is over the speed of sound (Mach 1). At a typical temperature like 21C, the threshold value required for an object to be traveling at a supersonic speed is approximately 344 m/s (770 mph or 1238 km/h). Speeds greater than five times the speed of sound are often referred to as hypersonic. Speeds are only some part of the air around an object (such as the ends of rotor blades) reach supersonic speeds are labeled transonic (typically somewhere between Mach 0.8 and Mach 1.2. Sounds are travelling vibrations (pressure waves) in an elastic medium. In gases, sound travels longitudinally at different speeds, mostly depending on the molecular mass and temperature at the gas (pressure had little effect). Since air temperature and composition varies significantly with altitude. Mach numbers for aircraft can change without airspeed varying. In water, at room temperature, supersonic can be considered as any speed greater than 1440 m/s. In solids, sound waves can be longitudinal or transverse and have even higher velocities.

What are hypersonic speeds? In aerodynamics, hypersonic speeds are speeds that are highly supersonic. Since the 1970s, the term has generally been assume to refer to speeds of mach 5 (5 times the speed of sound) and above. The hypersonic regime is a subset of the hypersonic regime. Supersonic air flow is decidedly different from subsonic flow. Nearly everything about the way an aircraft flies changes dramatically as an aircraft accelerates to supersonic speeds. Even with this strong demarcation, there is still some debate as to the definition of supersonic. One definition is that the aircraft, as a whole, is travelling at mach 1 or greater. More technical definitions state that you are only supersonic if the airflow over the entire aircraft is supersonic, which occurs around Mach 1.2on typical designs. The range Mach 0.75 to 1.2 is therefore considered transonic. Considering the problems with this simple definition, the precise Mach number at which a craft can be said to be fully hypersonic is even more elusive, especially since physical changes in the airflow occur at quite different speeds. Generally, A combination of affects become important as a whole around Mach 5. The hypersonic regime is often defined as speeds where ramjets do not produce net thrust. This is a nebulous definition in itself, as there exists a proposed change to allow them to operate in the hypersonic regime.

Supersonic supersonic, berkenaan dengan penerbangan pada kelajuan melebihi bunyi Hypersonic- hiperbunyi, tentang kelajuan lebih lima kali ganda daripada bunyi B1003 Computer Application