THE AMERICAN WAR OF INDEPENDENCE Fill ups. 1.

The europen explorers Christopher Columbus, Amerigo Vespucci and John Cabot were mainly responsible for discovering the northern eastern and central part of the American continent in 15th century. 2. The seven years war concluded with the treaty of Paris. 3. The sugar act of 1764 was passed by the British parliament. 4. By the act of 1773 the East India Company acquired a monopoly of the tea trade with America. 5. Revolution is a fundamental and long lasting change. 6. The French Revolution was against the tyrannical monarchy of Louis XVI. 7. The industrial revolution first commenced in England. 8. The years 1750-1850 is referred as the age of revolution. 9. The discovery of new land opened floodgates for the colonizers from countries of Europe. 10. England founded thirteen colonies on the eastern seaboard of North America. 11. The Red Indians were the original inhabitants of America. 12. The Provincial Assemblies controlled the administration of the colonies. 13. The Seven Years War was fought between England and France. 14. The Stamp Act was passed in 1765. 15. The representatives of the colonies declared No taxation without representation. 16. The ship named Darmouth carrying tea boxes arrived in Boston harbour in 1773. 17. The first continental congress was convened on 5th September 1774 at Philadelphia. 18. George Washington was appointed as the chief of the continental forces. 19. The colonists proclaimed the declaration of independence on 4th July 1776. 20. Thomas Jefferson was the architect of the draft of the American Declaration of Independence. 21. Lord Cornwallis the British Commander surrendered on 19th October 1781. 22. George Washington was the first president of the 13 Unite States.U.S comprises of total 50 states. ANSWER IN 20-25 WORDS. 1) From which countries of Europe did the colonizers come to America? Why did they come to America? The discovery of new land opened the floodgates for the colonizers from countries of Europe. The colonizers came from Spain.,England,France, Netherland and Portugal and colonized the areas of their choice. 2) Which problems did the colonists face? Each colony faced some problems, which were resolved locally. There were protests of the Red Indians the original inhabitants of America. There were mutual border disputes between the neighbouring colonies. Agriculture and trade activities had to be regularized. Administrative set up needed to be devised.

3)What enraged many colonists after the end of Seven Years war? After the end of seven years war by the Treaty of Paris England acquired Possession from France, Canada and all lands lying between Appalachian mountains and Mississippi rive. As the newly acquired territory was temporarily reserved as Red Indian hunting grounds the colonists wanting to move westward beyond the Appalachian were restrained from doing so. This enraged many a colonists. 4) Why did the merchant community grew apprehensive about the sugar act? To raise revenue for England in the colonies the sugar act of 1764 was passed by the British Parliament. It imposed a tariff duty on sugar imported into America from West Indies. It also made the customs checks more stringent. Hence the merchant community grew apprehensive about this act. 5)Why did the stamp act prove to be an unjust act? The stamp act affected various strata of the American society as it levied stamp duty on newspapers legal documents insurance policies ships papers and licenses and even playing cards. 6) How did the colonists condemn the stamp act? What was its effect? The stamp act was severely condemned by the colonies. The protests took the form of virulent attacks on the nature of the British constitution boycott of British goods and civil disobedience. The resistance of the colonies was so strong that the British Parliament was forced to repeal it. 7)Why was the tension mounting between the colonies and England? Tension was mounting between the colonies and England on account of the presence of British army with its headquarters first in New York and then in Boston. 8)Name the three great revolution witnessed by the world in the 18th century? The three great revolutions witnessed by the world are The American War of Independence The French Revolution and The Industrial Revolution. 9)What do you mean by revolution? Revolution is a fundamental and long lasting change. It means a fundamental change brought about intentionally. GIVE REASONS 1)The British Parliament was forced to repeal the Stamp Act. Refer question 4 and 5 of question II 2)On 4th July congress severed all the political bonds with England. George Washington was appointed as the chief of the Continental forces and the colonies Were put in a state of defence. England officially declared war with the thirteen colonies on 23rd August 1775.

 The colonists proclaimed the declaration of Independence on 4th July 1776. Simultaneously the congress severed all the political bonds with the mother country. 3) The period of 1750-1850 is called the Age of Revolution. The American war of Independence, The French Revolution, The Industrial revolution took place in 18th century. The causes leading to these revolutions and settlement of the issues at stake were the notable features of the century roughly spanning the years 1750-1850. Hence this period is known as the Age of Revolutions. 4)The American War of Independence is regarded as an event having far reaching effects on the world history. The new political experiment of U.S.A. has inspired many countries of the world. The American War of Independence also established a right to revolt against injustice and a right to freedom. At many places movements were launched to fight for the fundamental rights. An experiment of written constitution was imitated by many countries of the world. Hence the American War of Independence is regarded as an event having far reaching effects on the world history. 5)The colonists declared no taxation without representation. The British Parliament declared that it had unrestrained powers to legislate for the colonies. The colonists on their part insisted that taxation without their consent expressed personally or through representatives was a violation of their rights. So they declared no taxation without representation. ANSWE IN 30 TO 40 WORDS 1)Which incident was known as Boston Massacre? Why? Tension was already mounting between the colonies and mother country on account of the presence of the British army with its headquarters in New York and then in Boston. The army was kept apparently for securing the frontiers but the army was seen by the colonies as an attempt to control them. This incident known as Boston Massacre was the result of frequent clashes between the colonists and the Red Coats, meaning the British Soldiers.

2)Give an account of the Boston Tea Party?

 The Darmouth one of the three ships carrying boxes of tea arrived in Boston harbour on 27th November 1773. People were agitated over the issue of levy of duty on tea. They wanted the ship to go back to England. As this demand was not conceded some 8000 people assembled near Bostons Old Church. A disciplined group of men disguised as Mohawk Indians crushed on to the ship at night and dumped all the chests of tea into the sea. 3)Why did the representatives declare No taxation without representation? Refer give reason 5 for answer 4)Why was the first continental congress convened at Philadelphia on 5th September 1774? What did the congress achieve? The general resentment against the various taxes and restrictions imposed by England was instrumental in bringing about unity amongst the colonies. Realizing that war was imminent with England the colonies were convinced for a unified action. Hence the first continental congress was convened on 5th September 1774 at Philadelphia. The delegates of the colonies declared their right to life liberty and property and people were asked to arm themselves and form their own military. As there was no positive response from the British King George III the delegates met for the second time at Philadelphia on 10th May 1775. George Washington was appointed as the chief of the continental forces and the colonies were put in a state of defence. England officially declared war with 13 colonies.The colonists proclaimed the declaration of independence on 4th July 1776. ANSWER IN 80-100 WORDS 1)Give an account of American declaration of Independence? George Washington was appointed as the chief of the continental forces and the colonies were put in a state of defence. England officially declared war on thirteen colonies. The colonists proclaimed the declaration of independence on 4th July 1776. Simultaneously the congress severed all political bonds with the mother country. Thomas Jefferson was the architect of the draft of the American Declaration of Independence. The opening paragraphs of declaration are We hold these truths to be self evident that all men are created equal, they are endowed with certain unalienable rights by their Creator that among these are Life Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. That to secure these rights Governments is instituted among Men deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed that whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it and to institute a new Government.

2)What were the consequences of the American War of Independence? The consequences of the American war of Independence are George Washington was sworn in as the first president of the 13 United States. A federal form of government was introduced for the first time in the world. Later 37 new states were added and today there are 50 states in U.S.A. This new political experiment has inspired many countries of the world. The American war of Independence also established a right to revolt against injustice and a right to freedom. At many places movements were launched to fight for the fundamental rights. An experiment of written constitution was imitated by many countries of the world. 3)State the various act passed by the British Parliament and its effects on the colonies. Refer question 4,5,6 of question II and then write the following The British Parliament passed and acts of 1767 imposing import duties on a number of articles. Once again the colonists launched a protest and the British Parliament gave in. By the Tea Act of 1773 the parliament tried to rescue the East India Company from her financial difficulties. It acquired a monopoly on Tea Trade with America.