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100 Largest Desalination Plants Planned, in Construction, or in OperationJanuary 1, 2005

Description
Desalination provides fresh water through various processes. Chapter 3 provides an update on the status of desalination worldwide. This table shows the 100 largest plants proposed, in construction, or in operation as a function of capacity, location, source of water, and estimated construction and operation dates, as of January 1, 2005. These plants represent more than 40 percent of all desalination capacity. This table includes desalination plants that use seawater, brackish water, river, pure, and other sources of water, not exclusively seawater desalination plants. Extreme care should be taken in using these figures, because many of the largest plants in this database are not in operation, or even under constructiononly proposed. Indeed, it is likely that many of these plants will not be built, or will be built at a far later date than indicated in this table.

Limitations
These data were collected from a wide range of sources, from desalting plant suppliers to plant operators to urban planners, and therefore depend on the accuracy of the information supplied. This list includes plants that have been ordered but never built, built and never operated, operated but then shut down, or are still operating. For example, one of the largest plants on this list is a plant that is supposed to begin construction in the San Francisco, California, region in 2006 at a capacity of 454,000 cubic meters per day. No such plant is even close to construction anywhere in California (see Chapter 3). A separate list of plants that are in operation is not available, but we estimate that more than half of the plants in the table will not be in operation in 2006.

Source
Wangnick/GWI. 2005. 2004 Worldwide desalting plants inventory. Global Water Intelligence. Oxford, England. (Data provided to the Pacic Institute and used with permission.)

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100 Largest Desalination Plants Planned, in Construction, or in Operation, January 1, 2005

Total Capacity (m3/d) 880,000 800,000 730,000 600,000 567,000 455,000 454,600 454,200 454,000 454,000 408,600 395,000 390,908 363,200 340,650 317,800 300,000 300,000 300,000 295,490 295,100 284,125 284,000 277,000 272,400 272,000 272,000 272,000 272,000 265,000 264,950 250,000 239,680 227,300 227,000 227,000 227,000 227,000 189,250 189,250 189,250 182,000 182,000 182,000 181,840 170,000 Source of Water SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA WASTE SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA RIVER WASTE SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA Estimated Construction Start 2004 2004 2004 2008 2004 2001 2004 2006 2004 2004 2004 2001 2000 2004 2004 2003 2010 2001 2005 2005 2001 2000 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 2000 2003 2004 2006 2004 2003 2005 2004 2004 2000 2004 2001 2004 2001 Planned Operation Year 2007 2007 2007 2011 2007 2004 2006 2008 2007 2006 2007 2004 2003 2007 2006 2005 2013 2003 2006 2008 2003 2002 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2006 2007 2007 2006 2006 2003 2006 2006 2009 2006 2007 2008 2006 2006 2002 2006 2004 2007 2004 continues

Country Saudi Arabia SA Saudi Arabia SA Saudi Arabia SA UAE AE Kuwait KW UAE AE UAE AE USA US UAE AE UAE AE Saudi Arabia SA Israel IL Saudi Arabia SA UAE AE USA US UAE AE UAE AE Kuwait KW India IN UAE AE UAE AE UAE AE USA US UAE AE Bahrain BH Saudi Arabia SA Saudi Arabia SA Saudi Arabia SA Saudi Arabia SA USA US USA US Libya LY UAE AE UAE AE Saudi Arabia SA Qatar QA Kuwait KW Kuwait KW USA US USA US USA US UAE AE Saudi Arabia SA Qatar QA Qatar QA UAE AE

Location Shuaiba III Ras Al-Zour Al Jobail II Ex Jebel Ali M Al-Zour North Shuweihat Shuweihat 2 CA SanFrancisco Fujairah II Qidfa Al Jobail Ashkelon Shuaiba III Jebel Ali L-2 TX Pt. Comfort Jebel Ali L-1 Jebel Ali N Sulaibya Minjur Chennai Taweelah B III Fujairah Umm Al Nar PR Puerto Rico Mirfa Hidd 3 Al Jobail I Ext Al Jobail III Al Khobar IV Shuaiba IV CA Orange Count CA Fountain Val Tripoli Taweelah A1 Ext Taweelah C RO Ras Az Zawr Ras Laffan Subiya 2 Subiya CA Carlsbad CA Huntington B CA San Diego Jebel Ali K II Al Bahah I Ras Laffan Ras Laffan 2 Fujairah

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The Worlds Water 20062007

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continued
Total Capacity (m3/d) 165,000 163,000 153,000 152,000 151,400 150,000 147,000 145,344 145,000 143,000 137,000 136,260 136,000 130,000 128,690 123,300 120,000 116,000 115,244 113,650 113,636 113,636 113,550 113,500 113,500 109,000 104,088 102,195 102,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 94,625 94,625 94,625 94,625 94,625 94,625 94,625 94,625 93,600 92,000 91,000 91,000 90,920 88,888 88,000 Source of Water BRACK SEA BRACK BRACK RIVER SEA SEA BRACK BRACK SEA SEA SEA SEA BRACK SEA SEA SEA WASTE SEA SEA SEA SEA RIVER SEA SEA SEA BRACK SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA RIVER SEA BRACK BRACK SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA Estimated Construction Start 2001 2004 2002 2004 2001 2004 2003 2003 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004 2001 2004 2000 2004 2003 2004 2000 2004 2002 2005 2004 2004 2004 2004 2000 2004 2004 2004 2005 2005 2004 2004 2001 2004 2004 2004 2000 2004 2003 2004 2000 2003 2001 Planned Operation Year 2003 2006 2004 2006 2003 2006 2004 2005 2005 2006 2007 2007 2005 2005 2004 2006 2001 2006 2007 2006 2002 2007 2004 2007 2006 2006 2006 2006 2001 2006 2006 2007 2007 2007 2007 2006 2003 2006 2006 2006 2002 2006 2004 2007 2003 2005 2003

Country Spain ES Kuwait KW Saudi Arabia SA Israel IL USA US Libya LY Spain ES Jordan JO Jordan JO China CN Israel IL Israel IL Singapore SG Iraq IQ Mexico MX Australia AU Spain ES Singapore SG UAE AE Egypt EG Trinidad To. TT Saudi Arabia SA USA US UAE AE Kuwait KW Saudi Arabia SA USA US USA US UAE AE Algeria DZ Algeria DZ Algeria DZ USA US USA US USA US USA US USA US USA US Pakistan PK Pakistan PK Iran IR Singapore SG Saudi Arabia SA Qatar QA Oman OM Algeria DZ Algeria DZ

Location Malaga Shuwaikh Al Wasia Negev Arava FL Boca Raton Benghazi South Murcia Zara Maain Zara Maain Yantai Ashdod Hadera-Caesarea Singapore I Hermosillo WA Perth Carboneras Ulu Pandan Umm Al Nar IWPP Sinai Point Lisas Tabuk I FL Palm Beach 3 Jebel Ali G RO Al-Zour North Shuqaiq II TX El Paso CA Dana Point Mirfa Algiers Djinet Algiers Zeralda Mostaganem TX Brownsville TX Freeport FL Tampa Bay II TX Corpus Chris FL Tampa Bay FL S. Miami Hei Karachi Gwadar Bandar Imam Bedok Buraydah Ras Abu Font B1 Barka Arzew Arzew

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Country Israel IL Israel IL Israel IL Israel IL Israel IL Libya LY Libya LY Total Capacity

Location Haifa Palmachin Palmahim Ashdod Shomrad Azzawiya Misurata

Total Capacity (m3/d) 83,270 83,270 83,270 82,190 82,190 80,000 80,000 21,404,184

Source of Water SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA SEA

Estimated Construction Start 2004 2004 2003 2003 2003 2004 2004

Planned Operation Year 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006