We have witnessed a phenomenal change in societies around the world and the transformational evolution of organisations in the past

decade. Source of these change are 1 Internet and technology. 2 Knowledge has emerged as an important tool. Now Government has to constantly cope with the emerging technologies and demand from the citizens. 4 The application of IT to government processes, E-governance in short, can have a profound impact On the efficiency, responsiveness and accountability of government; thereby, on the quality of life and productivity of citizens. Concept-Governance includes those all processes and systems by which an organization or a society operates. It is the mechanism through which decisions are made and implemented in order to conduct the affairs of that society.Ultimately governance is the way society works and is organized. If governance is done through the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) it is said to be E-governance. When governance is done through the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) as internet, it is said to be E-governance.The role played by ICT includes :1 Delivery of govt. processes like e tender and income tax return.2 Access to the govt. information by citizens. E-government is the use of ICT to provide access to and delivery of government services to benefit the general public of a state.The following objectives are achieved through e government.1 Achieving visibility.2 On-line access to information in public domain.3 Knowledge of laws, rules and regulation reports of various commissions etc.4 Completing transaction on-line like filing of tax returns, drivinglicences, passport etc.5 A boarder objective is a paper free and hassle free government. E-governance, is the use of ICT to ensure the citizens participation in governance and allowing them to communicate with the government.The ultimate goal is to:1 Achieve a good governance. 2 A government in which people have active participation. 3 A government which is transparent, responsive, effective and result-oriented.4 ICT enables wealth of information from a virtually unlimited no. of resources with a potential to transform traditional governance and to achieve good governance. SMART Government-Simple Because there are no elaborate procedures, no paper work and no need for frequenting government offices.Moral The system is cleaned up of corruption and other unethical practices.Accountable Since all the information is in public domain, governments accountability enhances.Responsiveness Through the use of ICT; Government can be in regular touch with the masses and get their feedback.Transparency The information which was shrouded in secrecy within dark file chambers will become available to all on the click of a mouse. Component--In order to make Egovernance effectual ICT is to be applied not only between government and citizens and within various levels of government, but also between different interest groups like business, NGOs etc and the Government. Following are the main components of E-governance:-G-C Interface, G-G, G-B, GEmpployee, g-society. G-cetizonThis is the primary component of e governance. One of the most promising aspects of the E governance is its ability to bring citizens closer to their governments: both as voters and stakeholders or as customers who consume public services. E-governance initiatives can attempt to make transactions such as renewing licenses and certifications, paying taxes etc. less time consuming and easier to carry out.Such as : land revenue records, online submission of complaints, information regarding schemes in agriculture etc. g-s-- In any society there are various interest groups such as Trade unions, Political parties and now more importantly NGOs. E.G and democracy-- Egovernance makes governance more representative, more individual based and pro-active.It leads to closer contact of individuals with decision-makers and hence greater access and control overgovernance thus leading to more transparent, accountable and efficient governance. Online consultation portals .

E.G and information sharing-Information Sharing is a democratic tool.Those who have access to information can use it selectively to create hierarchical structures in the society resulting in unequal distribution of power.ICT has created new expectations and citizens are now beginning to demand accountability and better access to government information. Sharing information with public will bring more accountability as well as other benefits to the public .e.g in indiaICT provides an opportunity to overcome obstacles of vast size, population and resource crunch to become a developed nation. The Egovernance initiatives in India aim at achieving the following objectives.Efficient delivery of government services to citizens and business;Better dissemination of government information.Improved revenue collection and budgetary controls. Providing access to government services through a single window. Transparent functioning and zero corruption. Reduction in the procedural and postal delays involved in the system. National action planThis plan seeks to provide policy guidelines to create the mechanisms for E-governance. A number of projects has been envisaged under the plan in order to create citizen friendly governance. These plans are like. Establishment of common service center for the delivery of IT services in each panchayat of India.The plan seeks to cover major areas of governance like taxes, passport land records, agriculture markets and the like. The plan envisages creation of right environments to implement G2G, G2B and G2C services.Major projects that are undertaken at the central level are: Establishment of National Informatics Centers,2 Agricultural Marketing Information Network (AGMARKNET),3 Community Information Centers (CICs),4 Court Information System (COURTIS) 5 Land Records Information System (LRIS), 6 National Hazardous Waste Information System (NHWIS), 7 Public Grievance Redress and Monitoring System (PGRAMS). E-court-The administration of justice is another field where ICT can be of much help in solving many problems. Following areas have been brought under ICT in courts:1 Legal information databases. On line query system for precedents, citations, codes, statutes etc. Pooling of orders and judgments. Daily list generation with historical data of each case. Feed back reports for use at various levels. Electronic business, commonly referred to as "eBusiness" or "e-business", or an internet business, may be defined as the application of information and communication technologies (ICT) in support of all the activities of business. Commerce constitutes the exchange of products and services between businesses, groups and individuals and can be seen as one of the essential activities of any business. Electronic commerce focuses on the use of ICT to enable the external activities and relationships of the business with individuals, groups and other businesses.The term "e-business" was coined by IBM's marketing and Internet teams in 1996.models-

Internal business systems: customer relationship management enterprise resource planning, human resources management.(EDI) is the structured transmission of data between organizations by
electronic means. It is used to transfer electronic documents or business data from one computer system to another computer system, i.e. from one trading partner to another trading partner without human intervention. It is more than mere e-mail; for instance, organizations might replace bills of lading and even cheques with appropriate EDI messages. EDI can be formally defined as the transfer of structured data, by agreed message standards, from one computer system to another without human intervention.EDI and other similar technologies save a company money by providing an alternative to, or replacing information flows that require a great deal of human interaction and materials such as paper documents, meetings, faxes, etc. Even when paper documents are maintained in parallel with EDI exchange, e.g. printed shipping manifests, electronic exchange and the use of data from that exchange reduces the handling costs of sorting, distributing, organizing, and searching paper documents.