086/X/SA2/19/B1

Strictly Confidential : (For Internal and Restricted Use Only) Secondary School Examination [Class X/2011] Summative Assessment II

Marking Scheme SCIENCE

Total No. of Pages : 6
General Instructions : 1. The Marking Scheme provides general guidelines to reduce subjectivity in the marking. It carries only suggested value points for the answer. These are only guidelines and do not constitute the complete answer. The candidates can have their own expression and if the expression is correct, the marks may be awarded accordingly. Evaluation is to be done as per instructions provided in the Marking Scheme. It should not be done according to ones own interpretation or any other consideration. Marking Scheme should be strictly adhered to and religiously followed. If a question has parts, marks be awarded in the right hand side for each part. Marks awarded for different parts of the question should then be totalled up and written in the left hand margin. If a question does not have any parts, marks be awarded in the left hand side margin. Wherever only two/three of a given number of examples/factors/points are expected only the first two/three or expected number should be read. The rest be treated as irrelevant and not be examined. mark be deducted if a candidate either does not write units or writes wrong units in the final answer of a numerical problem. A full scale of marks 0 to 80 has to be used. Do not hestitate to award full marks if the answer deserves it. In case where no answers are given or answers are found wrong in this answer key, correct answers may be found and used for valuation purpose.

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SECTION - A Diagram No. 10.3 (b), pg. 164 of NCERT book Ketone Skin cancer Plastic bags, polythene, insecticides etc. (any two) True position of the star is below the horizon. Incident rays from star, travel through earths atmosphere and reach observers eye. These incident rays travel from rarer atmosphere to denser atmosphere and bend towards normal. Thus appear to come from different position which is slightly upwards. Diagram No. 11.10, pg. 195 of NCERT book The phenomenon of change in the direction of propagation of light caused by the large number of particles present in the atmosphere is called scattering of light. Example : The path of a beam of light becomes visible through a colloidal solution due to scattering of light (or any other example) Image is virtual and enlarged, mirror is concave. Three Rs mean Reduce - to use less Recycle - This means to collect, plastic, paper, glass and metal items and recycle these materials to make required things Reuse - This means to use things again and again By switching off unnecessary lights and fans. By repairing leak taps By using public transport or any other (Any two) Atomic size goes on decreasing along a period from left to right. It is due to increase in nuclear charge, force of attraction between the nucleus and valence electrons increases therefore atomic size decreases, so Na is bigger (i) Most metallic element : Na Metallic character decreases along a period due to decrease in tendency to lose electrons. (ii) Most non - metallic element : Cl Non metallic character increases along a period from left to right due to increase in tendency to gain electrons (a) (b) (c) (d) Nobel gases : Elements having Atomic number 10 and 18 Halogens : 9, 17 Alkali metals : 3, 11 Electronic configuration of Ne (10) = 2, 8 2

1 1 1 , 1 1

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1 1,1 1

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9.

0.5 0.5

10.

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

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11.

(a) (b)

Decomposers : They are those microorganisms that obtain energy from the chemical breakdown of dead organism or animals or plants wastes. Role of decomposers : decomposers breakdown complex organic substances into simpler inorganic substances that go into the soil and are used up by the plants.

1 1

12.

Variations are useful for the survival of species in changed environmental situations. Some variations found in few individuals of a population, would lead for some chance for them to survive, rest will be wiped out. (a) (b) Jasmine and banana It helps the plants that lost capacity to reproduce OR It bears flowers and fruits early OR The offsprings are genetically similar . (any 1)

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Magnification (m) 5 v/u 24 560/u and u 5 60/(24) 5 215 cm P5 1/f 5 1/v 21/u 51/60 1 1/15 5 5/60 5 0.083 D f 5 60/5 5 12 cm (a) (b) Image formed by a convex mirror is virtual, erect, smaller in size (any two). Diagram no. 10.7 (b), pg. 166 of NCERT book It means ratio of speed of light in vacuum to the speed of light in glass is equal to 1.5 Incident rays from pencil travel from water to air, thus bend away from normal. To an observer image of the immersed part of the pencil forms at a different position and pencil appears to be bent. Diagram showing refraction of rays. Ethanoic acid [CH3 COOH] Butanone [C2H5COCH3]

1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1

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16.

(a) (b)

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(a)

(b)

Ethanoic acid has one oxygen atom more and two hydrogen atoms less than ethanol. On adding few drops of bromine water if brown colour of bromine disappears quickly than it is unsaturated hydrocarbon. Carbon dioxide, water CH41Cl2 CH 3Cl1HCl In the presence of sunlight chlorine replaces the hydrogen atoms one by one, so it is called substitution reaction.

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(a) (b) (c)

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(a)

Analogous organs are such organs which perform similar functions in different animals but are structurally different. Homologous organs are such organs which perform different functions in different animals but are structurally similar.

1 1 1

(b)

Since all homologous organs are structurally similar they are evolved from a common ancestor. When a pea plant having round green seeds is crossed with a pea plant having wrinkled yellow seeds in F1 all the plants have round yellow seeds. 1 In F2 all the traits appear independently in the ratio 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 Fig. 9.5 of pg 145 of NCERT

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(a)

1 1 1

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(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f)

In human beings the sex a new born individual is determined genetically. There are 23 pairs of chromosomes of which 22 are similar in male and female and are known as autosomes

6x=3

The remaining one is sex chromosome which is XY in males and XX in females. Males produce two types of sperms X and Y, while female produces one type of egg X If a X type of sperm fertilizes the egg then the sex of baby will be female (XX) If Y type of sperm fertilizes the egg the sex of the baby will be male (XY) OR

Diagrammatic representation pg 146 of NCERT Science book. 22. (a) Self pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther of one flower to the stigma of the same flower or another flower of the same plant. Cross pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another flower growing on another plant of the same species. (b) Soon after the pollination, the pollen grain starts germinating and forms a pollen tube. The pollen tube grows in the style till reaches the ovule where it fertilizes with female gamete. Hypermetropia Two reasons
P5 1 1 100 100 2 5 2 D 522D 14D 512D v u 250 225

1 1 1

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(a) (b) (c) (d)

2x=1 1 1 1 OR

NCERT Text book Diag 11.3 (b) Page 190 Diag 11.3 (c) Page 190

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(a) (b) (c) (d)

Myopia Two reasons

1 520.5D 22 m Diag 11.2 (b) Page 189 Daig 11.2 (c) Page 189 P5

2x=1 1 1 1 1 1 1

24.

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

A is ethanoic acid, CH3 COOH.

ConC. H2 SO 4 CH3COOH1C2 H3 OH CH3 COOC2 H51H2O Compound A can be obtained from compound B by the action of an acid or a base Saponification

CH3COOC2 H5 C2H5OH 1CH3COOH CO2 gas 2 CH3 COO H 1 Na2CO3 2 CH3COONa 1 H2O 1 CO2 OR

NaoH

(a) (b) (i) (ii) (c)

, Heating to 443 K, excess of cone. H2SO4

, , 1 2

CH3 2 CH2 OH CH2 5 CH2 1 H2O H SO

2 4

hot con.

The soap molecules form structures called micelles where one end of the molecules is towards the oil droflet while the ionic end faces out side. This forms an emulsion in water. The soap micelle thus helps in dissolving the dirt in water and we can wash our clothes clean.

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Fig 8.10 of pg 137 of NCERT Science book 4 Labels (a) Testis (b) Prostate gland (c) scrotum (d) urethra Bacterial infections like gonorrhea or syphilis OR Viral infections like warts or HIV - AIDS By using condoms during sexual intercourse OR (a) (b) (c) Boys begin to have thick hair growth on the face Their voices begin to crack (or any other relevant points) Fertilization is the union of male and female gamete to form a zygote Implantation is the process of fixing of zygote in the uterine wall Fallopian tube is the site where fertilization occurs Ovary produces female gamete and also secrete female hormone 5

4x=2 0.5 0.5

2x1=2 1 1

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SECTION - B 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. (c) (c) (a) (a) (b) (d) (c) (a) (d) (a) (b) (c) (d) (a) (c) (c) -o0o1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

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