Cek Manis, 75 years old, has been complaining of abdominal discomfort since a week ago.

She visited her family docyor and complained of lower abdominal cramp for the last 2 days. She also has been feeling dizzy, nausea and constipated for 5 days. On physical examination, the doctor found a mild distended abdomen, tenderness and felt a mass on the left lower quadrant. She admitted that she reraly eats vegetables and doesnt drink a ot of water. The doctor told her that she got impacted stool inside her bowel. Mr. Lanang, 45 years old business man, was brought to Emergency room of a hospital because he suddenly felt a sharp and constant pain originated from the left side of his chest and referred to his left arm. On examination, the doctor found tachycardia, dyspnoe, and hypertension. His face was pale and sweaty. He was in very painful condition, nauseated, and dizzy. The doctor told him that he got a myocardial infarct. He is a heavy smoker since he was 20 years old. He has a long story of hypertension. Mr Anasarca, 26 years old salesman, visited his doctor because of generalized edema. About three months ago, he had difficulty to open his eyes when he wakes up in the morning due to palpebral edema. Since two months ago he had noticed that his lower extremities became edematous which became worse and worse. On physical examination, the doctor found that he was hypertensive, had pitting adema in the legs and feet, as well as ascites. Laboratory work up confirmed the diagnosis as nephritic syndrome. Rasunan, male, ex-weight-lifter 54-years complains of lower back pain that radiates down the back of his right leg. He states that the pain is worsened by coughing or lifting but relieved by lying down. He also feel that pain after standing or sitting for an hour or more with a tingling sensation on his right big toe. He mentions the he has been suffering from the pain since 6 months ago after lifting a heavy box during haousekeeping activity. He had visited his doctor who told him that he suffernig lumbago and sciatica. The doctor told him that he was not quite sure what causes the pain, but mention some possibilities, and gave him pain relieve medication. Since the pain persist, he then went to consult a neurologist at RSMH hospital. On axamination, the strength and sensation of his lower extremitis are normal. During the examination, while the patient lying on his back(supine), the patient compalains of severe pain when his right leg is raised by clinicans. After a through neurological examinatio the neurologist sent the patient for a MRI examination just to make sure that diagnosis is correct. MRI confirm the diagnosis as prolapsed of nucleus pulposus at L5 level.