Chapter 1:

SUMMERY The Holy Prophet The perfect Man. The easy gives us light on the various elements of the personality of the Holy Prophet (SAW). His life has been recorded in the pages of history. Each and every event of his life is recorded. His all sayings, doings, the detail of his character, the detail of his family, manners, social life as well as his every conduct have been completely preserved in the books of history. The life of the Holy Prophet (SAW) is comprehensive for his followers. He has spent a perfect life. His life has passed through various stage and situation. He is the last prophet of Allah. His life is not only limited to the mosque but has a vast sketch. He had been a herdsman in his childhood. He also spent his life specific tenure as trader by profession. He married and let a successful life. He used to solve the disputes, confliction and various complicated problems of his followers. He presented the principles of buying and selling. He laid the foundation of international law. His teachings sayings and doings are completely preserved in the Holy Quran and in a number of Hadith. He is the perfect personality for the whole humanity. He suffered great hardships but nothing could be moved him away from his chosen path. He always loved his friends, elders, and children and forgave his enemies. The Holy Prophet (SAW) is a role model for all the humanity.

Chapter 2:

Three Disciplines for Children The discipline of nature is a great teacher because it teaches a man very quickly. From answer a man knows about his follies and mistakes and can make the acquired correction in his efforts. Nature is also impersonal and does not the elements of personal liking and disliking. Only always should got a fresh start with her. The discipline of culture is coming under the criteria of second category. According to the culture the children always acquire learning from the culture and society which is around them. They always follow and imitate their elders in every aspect. If their elder, do the right thing they follow them and perform the right and suitable jobs as their elders. When their elders do the wrong things, they will do the same. Particularly, at the place of worship the children remain silent because their elders are quiet and calm. Children also learn good manner and different sort of behavior from their elders. The third discipline which is the discipline of superior force is wrong because due to, it a child whose life is full threat and chastisement cannot grow up mentally. The uses of force make the child cowed and important. He is not able to take the responsibilities for his life. He becomes resentful and revengeful in his later life. He does not have the elements of strength and boldness to face the complication of his life. It should be used as seldom as possible, so that a child well be able to face the dangers and complication in his life. It should be used rarely because force harms the mental growth of a Child.

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Chapter 3:

First Year at Harrow The essay denotes the school life recalling of the British Prime Minister Sir Winston Churchill with a humorous way. First he tells us about his contemptuous behavior for examination. He started facing different problems concerned with examination when he was six years old. He has to pass through the process of examination for the next seven years. His favorite subjects were history, poetry and writing essays. He failed to satisfy the examiner in Latin and Mathematics. The entrance test was taken from him for Harrow Churchill did not have any interest in Latin Prose. After much speculating, he was able to write his name and the question. He was wasting his time by gazing his name and the question. He got from some where the smudges over the answer sheet. He qualified the entrance test without writing a single word. He though about the Mr. Welldon that he could look beneath the surface of things. He was the weakest student of the class. He was not permitted to learn Latin and Greek because the weak students were considered that they could not learn them. They were taught English. Mr. Somerwell taught English to Churchill. He had a particular system of teaching English. Churchill did not realize any disadvantage for learning English, because the cleverer students always learnt English Language after learning Latin and Greek for their living. Churchill shows great esteem for English language. He becomes ready to punish those students who do not know English.

Chapter 4:

Learning to Writ e in College

The essay shows us abut happiest moment of the writers entire school career. Mr. Fleagle was a dull and boring English teacher. He was sixty years old. He could not be able to inspire the students. He was spectacles. He had well combed and cut hair. He had painted saw, a sharp nose and a ridiculous manner of speaking. He was assigned student with the writer to teach abut English. The writer hated the teacher and the writing of informal essay. He considered that it was a boring task. He was given the list of essays by Mr. Fleagle. The writer had to write an essay among the assigned topics. There were a lot of topics but the art of eating spaghetti appealed the writer,. He had got the experience of eating spaghetti with his family. Therefore, it was liked by the writer. It was producing the good sort of feelings in the heart of the writer. He did not want to share his feelings of joy with his teacher. He wanted to write about the eating of spaghetti for his own interest. He knew that such essay would violate all the principles of formal essays. He was expecting that such an essay would acquire failing grade from his teacher. He decided to attempt any other topic among the list for his teacher. When he wrote his own essay it was very late at night and there was no time for him to write a suitable and didactic essay for Mr.Fleagle. Therefore, he submitted the same essay with his teacher. Mr. Fleagle returned all the essay of the students to them except the essay of the writer. He thought that he would be punished not to write a respectable essay for his teacher. He became much happy when his essay was read loudly before the students in the class. Everyone was enjoying the essay of writer. All the boys were laughing, wholes heartedly. That was the happiest moment of the writers entire school career.

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Chapter 5:

The Renaissance

The essay tells us about the background of the renaissance and its influence on Humanism art and architecture. The Renaissance was the movement which created the human desire explores the world. It laid the foundation of modern world. There were different write Michelangelo, Shakespeare, Galileo, and Columbus who brought about a great change during 15th and 16th century. After the crusades, the Christians brought back to Europe many new ides and Luxurious things. These things became the source of trade. This trade was having the needs of bankers, merchants and shopkeeper etc. there were a number of luxury things which came from the Middle East and Asia. The sea ever considered the safest way for trade despite of storms and pirates. Florence was the wealthiest area in the 15th century. The people of Florence believed that they were dwelling in a golden age. Its people were creative, resourceful, energetic and competitive. They were taking a lot of interest in trade of silk, wool and flax. They invested money in different things. It had become a financial capital, even they used to lend money to Kings, Princes and the people. They also motivated architects, artists, sculptor, and artisans. The family of Medici was a leading family of Florence. The Renaissance had a great influence on Humanism, art and architecture. Marco polo forced and motivated people to thinks beyond their own land by his tales of adventure in China. People were encouraged towards learning. Trade and exploration became the main sources of people. The scholars introduced new aspects of thought about politics, religion, science and art. Ideas were spreading quickly by the help of printing press. It also brought a great revolution in learning. Humanism motivated people to take interest in spending money on comfort and luxury. The castles were built only for the sake of protection before this golden era. After its commencement they were designed for comfort and beauty.

Chapter 6:

The essay denotes the humorous aspect of the writers observation of the symptoms of different ailments and their specific effects of his body. The author was reading an advertisement of a pharmaceutical company. It was about patent liver and the treatment for the disorder of liver. There was a detail of various symptoms which were given. He had been applying these different symptoms upon himself and thinking about himself that his liver had been out of order. The author entered the reading room to observing and reading the treatment of hey-fever. He was looking at the long list of different after one. He speculated about himself that was suffering from all those dangerous and critical diseases. He became worried about his ailments. He also thought that he dad feel these various symptoms of disease at different times. He became extremely hurt when he came to know that he did not have the disease of house maids knee. Actually, he believed that he was suffering from the rest of the diseases except house maids knee. He also thought that is was bad to keep it for old women merely. He was desiring to have all the known maladies. He also thought that he was an acquisition to the medical class. He considered that medical students have no need to go to hospital in search of patients who have been suffering from various diseases. He pondered that they would examine him and find out all the knowledge concerned with medical science. He went to his doctor supposing that he would have a good practice examining different diseases in him. The doctor wrote a prescription for him. The author went to a chemist and gave to provide the various item mentioned in the prescription. When the writer read the prescription by himself. He was advised to take 1 Lb beefsteak after every six hours. Ten miles walk was also prescribed for him, along with the advice to go to bed exact at 11o Clock in the night. He was also advised not to read those things which were not understandable. He followed the instruction and lived with out any tension.

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Chapter 7: Fear of Death

The essays describe us about the writers resentment and the different causes for jogging. The writer supports the humorous tone through out the essay. He does not like jogging and tells that it does not show good results. During the essay he denotes various sort of reason for jogging. Some people jog to control their blood pressure. Other people jog to get rid of telephone or cranky wife or a dirty house held. Some run to cheat a decision about how to lead a satisfied life. The author wants to win the game of Tennis therefore, he starts jogging, because health and personal fitness are the popular and known causes for jogging in 20th century. According to the economic point of view jogging is cheap but not participating in jogging is cheaper. Many economists dont consider jogging as a means of enjoyment. Due to the technology which has given the man the more free time therefore, the modern man has fewer responsibilities. The working duration of man has contracted even the worship is considered less important. The man wants to get rid of obligations in the modern world therefore, he takes part in jogging. Theologists guide us that lack of confidence in the world is also a reason for jogging. We want to stretch the duration of any life because we speculate that this life is the merely life which we shall have to enjoy. We think of due to jogging. We can acquire health and escape from death. The author says that the old and the middle aged people torture themselves for the sake of fitness and jogging. Modern human being has been wasting the natural means. The forests and the river are coming to and end. The atmosphere is completely kept with poisonous gases. We are developing inhabitable world which is he blunder of man. Everyone wants to punish himself by jogging.

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Chapter 8: Right and Wrong

The author describes us about these two elements right and wrong in a comprehensive way. The writer says that whenever a dispute happens between two person everyone tries to blame his rival. Every person does not accept his own folly. There should be a same standard of behavior. The author has strong belief that there is a principle of for play. Everyone has to believe in right and wrong. There are specific rules and principles and everyone must be aware of them. He tells us that the concept of right and wrong exists in every human society. He also believes that various civilizations have had only slight different moralities in history. There is not any country where people consider tow and tow make five. Similarly there is no civilization in history where elfishness is admired, it proves that there is a law of nature about which all people agree with slight difference. According to author his physical law cannot be violated until man breaks. The falling stones law is controlled by the laws of gravitation, similarly the man cannot be run by moral law, because it is always violated. The reason is that we cannot face the bitter fact that we are breaking the law of nature. No one is keeping the law of nature in his day-to-day life. In short the writer proves that people all over his world know the law of nature and they break it.

Chapter 9:

Archaeological Treasures of Pakistan

The writer mentions different archaeological locations of Pakistan. These sites are very important to the history of world civilization. The most essential archaeological sites of Pakistan are Taxila, Mohenjo-daro and Bhanbore. The most important archaeological sites of Pakistan are Taxila. It is associated with Alexander and Asoka. It had been one of the eminent centers of Buddhism and a sent of learning during the days of Asoka. Taxila passed through a lot of changes in the era of Alexander. Taxila also reflects the marks of Scythian and Huns invaders. There were four sites of Taxila. It kept on shifting n different places. It is fact that Buddhism was a great sat of entire sub-continent. Another important archaeological site of Pakistan is Mohenjo-Daro. It I situated in Sindh about sixty miles from Sukkar. It is also associate with Indus valley civilization. It was an establish civilization before the arrival of Aryan invaders. The study of skull dug out from Mohenjo-Daro confirms that there were four ethnic groups in Sindh. The Indus valley civilization is very ancient in history. Bhanbore is also an essential archaeological site of Pakistan. It has been discovered recently. It is situated near Karachi. It is the site where Muhammad Bin Qasim had landed. A mosque has been found out which was constructed at the beginning of the Muslim period. The archaeological treasures of Moghal period are also very peculiar. These relics are scattered all over Pakistan. Lahore is famous for the movements and historic designs show the skill of Hindu stone carvers and masons. The Badshahi mosque and tomb of Anarkali are also the part of these relics.

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Chapter 10: M.Ali Jinnah The essay praises Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah as a great politician. The writer declares him as one of the great statesman of this century. Jinnah addressed the Muslim league in Lahore. He made it clear the Muslim is not minority. The Muslims are a nation. He said that the Indian problem is not of an intercommunal but of an international character. It was not believed by all the congress leaders and few Englishmen. But soon they learnt the truth of this statement. He got Pakistan with his firm resolve and legal keenness. While addressing league in Delhi in 1943, he said that a hundred million Muslims are with him. The creation of Pakistan was the result of Jinnahs brilliant political strategy. He supported the Britain and the allied power in world war tow (2). Congress leaders spent most of the time of world war tow (2) in prison due to their anti British strategy. It was possible only for a leader like Jinnah to win Pakistan in such a short time. All his hope about Pakistan was not fulfilled. He wanted Calcutta as the capital of eastern Pakistan. Mountbatten becomes an obstacle in Pakistan. He flew to Karachi in August in 1947 to preside and inaugurate the constituent assembly. At that time, he was serious ill. Jinnah gave golden principles to the officials of Pakistan. He warned them against bribery nepotism and jobbery advised them to follow justice fairness the law. He said that the first due of the government is to maintain law and order. So that the life property and the religious beliefs of its people are fully protected. Jinnah wanted friendly relations between Pakistan and India. But the tragic war over Kashmir turned that hopeful dream into violent reality.

Chapter 11:

The difference between a human brain and a Computer

The writer denotes us that a human being is extremely for more complicated than a computer. Human brain weight is three ponds. There are ten billions neurons and a hundred billion smaller cells in it. The cells are arranged in a peculiar order in a human brain. The uncountable cells are made up of atoms and molecules. These cells are made up of atoms and molecules. These cells and neurons are inter-connected in a vastly complicated network.. It is a fact that the most complicated computer cannot be compared in intricacy and quickness with the human brain. Computer cannot think like a human brain. The computer cannot create a book, a song or a new doctrine. It always works on the information that I installed into it. To create the complexity of human brain in computer is possible. We will construct a computer that will be that will be at least enough complex to design another compute more complex than itself. This more complex computer will make one still more complex and so on and so on. If it happens then a computer will surpass the human brain, super computers will push aside the human beings and take the control of the World from the men in everyday life.

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Chapter 12: The Jewel of the World The essay tells us about the achievement of Abd-al-Rehaman 1, Abd-al-Rehaman 3, and Al Hakam in Spain Umayyad dynasty was overthrown by Abbasids family in 750. All the members of the defeated family were in danger. Abd-al-Rehaman was one of them. He escaped from Damascus. After passing though his hardships of Palestine and North Africa, he reached centa five years later. He was offered refuge by his maternal uncle in North Africa. He went to the Syrian troops in the South, of Spain. They made him their leader. He developed the army of well discipline and highly trained 40.000 Soldiers under his rule. Spain passed through the golden period of history. He beautified the capital. He provided the supply of pure water to the capital. He ordered to construct the walls around the capital. He started the construction of his royal place in 836. The royal palace was called Al-Zahara marble was brought from Numidia and Carl age. Ten thousand workmen with 1500 animal of burden worked for the construction of his palace. His court was in Cordova. Seven hundred mosques and three hundred baths were there in Cordova in 788. The caliph was surrounded in the royal palace by 3750 salves. The royal revenue amounted to 6,245,000 dinars. All this was achieved due to the genius of one man. He died at age of 73. Abdul-al-Rehman 3 took the office in 912. He was only 23 years old at that time region lasted for fifty years his was also the golden period of Spain. In his period Cordova had one hundred and thirteen thousand homes, seventy libraries and numerous bookshops, it was also the golden period of industry in Spain. There were thirteen thousand weaves and leather industries also flourished. The Spanish Arab introduced agriculture in grapes. The government maintained a regular postal service. The government also introduced coins. Al Hakam was the successor of Abd-al-Rehman 3. He himself was a scholar and promoted learning. He opened twenty Seven free schools in the capital. He flourished the university of Cordova to such an extent that it auracted the Muslim and Christian students from Europe, African and Asia. He used to invite profaners from the East 4000,000 books were gathered in his age.

Chapter 13:

The author says that over population is not a simple word to be defined. There is no particular and objective definition of over population. The concept of over population is different from one country to another and from one person to another. We take into consideration the basic facilities such as food, housing health facilities and job opportunities when we are going to define the term over population. There are different component which can be called the definitions of the over population including the factors of comfort, happiness leaving the earth a fit place for future generation and health. The first factor which is comfort is dependent upon housing, food, health and employment. They are very important for every person. The second factor is happiness. It is relied upon various meanings for some happiness means shelter, food, and health. For other happiness in meant to have car, big house, servant and swimming pool. The third component of the definition is health which is extremely peculiar and essential for everyone. It is important for comfort and happiness but it is difficult to judge it. The last part of definition is Learning the earth a fit place for future generation. What can he meant by this definition weather it means to have pollution free world to have developed technologies. It completely unobvious part of the definition. These are controversial issues which have been described about the term Over population the author says that it is difficult to define the term Over Population.

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Over Population

Chapter 14: Home making

The essay in an argumentative conversation about homemaking. The writer is making discrimination between the chores and the home making. Chores mean a small routine task of a domestic nature. While homemaking is a task which is well planned and appropriately scheduled. Conventional husbands try to avoid the home making skills deliberately. Home making is as mysterious to them as the outside activities. Husbands ponder that home making is a continues series of more or les unpleasant chores. The result is that the do not respect the home making. A number of views are become the victim of criticism by their husbands for dong the work which is done by themselves at their professions. They pretend to discuss on the phones about their business. They hold staff meetings and have lunch with their clients. Men call all these things work because the details of the home making are for more important & visible than the details of the activities outside. They devalue their wives work as well as ask question about their work, while wives do not know much about their husbands work therefore, they do not ask any question from them. They consider that their husband wok is extremely important as compared to theirs. The women considered that the production of income is of greater value. But the author says that we shall have to understand that family income belongs to the family. It does not belong to the person who strives to bring it home. The author comes to the conclusion that home making is an essential task even more important than he work outside.

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