CHEMISTRY CHAPTER 3 CHEMICAL FORMULAE AND EQUATION SET 1

1. Calculate the number of particles in: a) 0.75 mole of aluminium atoms b) 0.07 mole of carbon dioxide molecules, CO2 c) 0.55 mole of oxygen gas, O2 2. Calculate the number of moles of the following substances: a) 6.0 x 1020 sodium ions b) 2.4 x 1022 H2S molecules 3. Calculate the number of atoms in a) 0.012 mole of propene gas, C3H6 b) 2.1 mole of sulphur dioxide, SO2 4. Calculate the number of ions in a) 0.02 mole of copper (II) sulphate b) 0.1 mole of aluminium nitrate c) 0.5 mole Iron (II) carbonate 5. Calculate the mass of each of the following substances: a) 1.25 mole of helium gas b) 0.25 mole of aluminium oxide 6. Calculate the number of mole of the following substances: a) 4.05g of nicotine, C10 H14 N2 b) 2.3g of ethanol C2H5OH c) 1.49g of ammonium phosphate (NH4)3PO4 7. Calculate the mass of the following substances: a) 3 x 1023 titanium atoms b) 1.2 x 1024 argon atoms c) 7.5 x 1022 citric acid, C12 H16O14 molecules

[Relative atomic mass : He, 4; Al,27; O,16; C,12; H,1; N,14; P,31; Fe,56; Ti,48; Ar,40]

CHEMISTRY CHAPTER 3 CHEMICAL FORMULAE AND EQUATION SET 2

1. Calculate the volume of 0.55 mole of oxygen gas at room temperature and pressure 2. Calculate the number of mole of 672 cm3 of carbon dioxide gas at STP 3. Calculate the value occupied by 1.4 g of ethane gas at room temperature and pressure 4. Calculate the mass of each of the following gases at standard temperature and pressure: a) 18.8 dm3 of propane, C3H8 b) 6820 cm3 of carbon monoxide gas 5. Calculate the number of molecules present in a) 3.6 dm3 of nitrogen gas at room temperature and pressure b) 1200 cm3 of ammonia gas at STP 6. Calculate the volume of 9 x 1021 molecules of carbon dioxide at STP 7. A closed container contains 4.8 dm3 of carbon dioxide gas at room condition. Find: a) The number of moles of carbon dioxide b) The number of carbon dioxide molecule contained in the container 8. What is the volume of 5.1 g of ammonia gas at STP 9. 63.5 g of gas X is found to occupy a space of 5600 cm3 at STP. Calculate the molar mass of gas X.

[Relative atomic mass : O,16; C,12; H,1; N,14; Molar volume : 24 dm3 at room condition and 22.4 dm3 at STP]

CHEMISTRY CHAPTER 3 CHEMICAL FORMULAE AND EQUATION SET 3

1. The following equation shows the decomposition of potassium chlorate (V) by heat KClO3 KCl + O2 a) Balance the given equation b) Based on the balanced equation, find i. Volume of oxygen gas ii. Mass of potassium chloride Produced at room temperature from the decomposition of 24.5g of potassium chlorate 2. Lead is extracted according to the following equation C + 2PbO CO2 + 2Pb a) Determine he number of moles of lead extracted from 0.5 mole of lead (II) oxide b) How many lead atoms are produced if 44.6 g of lead (II) oxide is heated with excessive carbon 3. Iron metal reacts with excess hydrochloric acid to produce iron (II) chloride and hydrogen gas a) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction b) If 2.8 g of iron metal is used in the reaction, calculate i. The maximum mass of iron (II) chloride formed ii. The volume of hydrogen gas produced at room condition 4. 15.6 g of zinc powder is mixed with 14.4 g of iron (III) oxide powder in a crucible. The mixture is then heated until no further change occurs. Calculate a) The mass of iron (III) oxide left after the reaction b) The mass of zinc oxide formed

[Relative atomic mass : O,16; Fe, 56; Zn, 65; K,39; Cl,35.5; Pb,207 Molar volume : 24 dm3 at room condition and 22.4 dm3 at STP]

CHEMISTRY CHAPTER 3 CHEMICAL FORMULAE AND EQUATION SET 4 Write the formulae of ions Name of Ions (Cation) Hydrogen ion Sodium ion Potassium ion Lithium ion Silver ion Magnesium ion Calcium ion Barium ion Ammonium ion Copper (II) ion Iron (II) ion Lead (II) ion Zinc ion Tin ion Iron (III) ion Aluminium ion Formula Name of Ions (Anion) Iodide ion Bromide ion Chloride ion Oxide ion Carbonate ion Hydroxide ion Nitrate ion Sulphate ion Formula

Write the chemical formulae of the following substance Substances Sodium Sulphate Magnesium Nitrate Potassium Oxide Lead (II) Carbonate Magnesium Chloride Silver Nitrate Zinc Oxide Zinc carbonate Sulphuric Acid Aluminium Sulphate Sodium hydroxide Copper (II) Carbonate Potassium carbonate Iron (III) Chloride Formula Substances Ammonium Carbonate Hydrochloric acid Magnesium Oxide Iron (II) Sulphate Zinc sulphate Ammonium Sulphate Nitric acid Silver Chloride Copper (II) nitrate Lead (II) Chloride Potassium Iodide Barium Nitrate Tin (II) Oxide Barium hydroxide Formula

CHEMISTRY CHAPTER 3 CHEMICAL FORMULAE AND EQUATION SET 5

Write balanced chemical equations for the following reactions: 1. Hot iron powder reacts with chlorine gas to produce a brown solid of iron (III) chloride 2. Hydrogen gas burns in oxygen gas to produce water 3. Solid lithium burns in oxygen gas to produce a white solid of lithium oxide 4. Magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce magnesium chloride solution and hydrogen gas 5. Solid zinc carbonate reacts with dilute nitric acid to produce zinc nitrate solution, carbon dioxide gas and water 6. Aluminium reacts with solid tin (IV) oxide to form solid aluminium oxide and tin 7. Sodium hydroxide solution reacts with sulphuric acid to form sodium sulphate solution and water 8. Copper reacts with silver nitrate solution to produce copper (II) nitrate solution and silver 9. Potassium reacts with water to form potassium hydroxide solution and hydrogen gas 10. Barium chloride solution reacts with potassium sulphate solution to produce a white precipitate of barium sulphate and potassium chloride solution

CHEMISTRY CHAPTER 3 CHEMICAL FORMULAE AND EQUATION SET 6 1. Diagram 1 shows the set-up of apparatus for an experiment to determine the empirical formula of magnesium oxide
Lid Magnesium ribbon Crucible

heat

Result : Mass of crucible + lid = 24.0 g Mass of crucible + lid + magnesium ribbon = 26.4 g Mass of crucible + lid + magnesium oxide = 28.0 g a) What is meant by empirical formula? b) Based on the above results i. Calculate the mass of magnesium and the mass of oxygen that have reacted ii. Calculate the mole ratio of magnesium atoms to oxygen atoms iii. Determine the empirical formula of magnesium oxide iv. Write the chemical equation for the reaction in the experiment c) Why was the crucible lid opened once in a while during the experiment? d) Metal X is placed below hydrogen in the reactivity series. You are required to carry out an experiment to determine the empirical formula of the oxide of metal X. the apparatus provided are combustion tube, glass tube, cork, Bunsen burner, and porcelain dish. i. Draw a labelled diagram of the set-up of apparatus for the experiment ii. Describe the steps that should be taken to ensure that all the air in the combustion tube has been expelled

2. Diagram 2 shows the set-up of apparatus to determine the empirical formula of an oxide of lead
Oxide of lead Dry hydrogen gas Burning of excess hydrogen gas Porcelain dish

Combustion tube

The following results are obtained from the experiment Mass of porcelain dish = 20.34g Mass of porcelain dish + the oxide of lead before heating = 25.12 g Mass of porcelain dish + lead after heating = 24.48 g a) Calculate the mass of lead in the sample of the oxide lead b) Calculate the mass of oxygen in the sample of the oxide of lead c) Determine the empirical formula of the oxide of lead d) Describe the steps that should be taken to ensure that all the air in the combustion tube has been expelled. e) State how to determine that the reaction between lead oxide with hydrogen has completed.