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Protecting motorcircuits Type 2 protection helps maintain productivity and prevent downtime By Steven R. Goble OTOR CIRCUITS form asubstantial part of anycommercial or industrialinstallation. With greateremphasis being placed on redu Selecting protectivedevices In selecting the branchcircuit protective de-vice, the designer mustbe aware of the limitsof the motor circuitcomponents, as f 2 t) and peak current for variouslevels of fault current. NEMAdesignedproducts often have higher withstand ca-pabilities than t M CURRENT IN AMPERES T I M E I N S E C O N D S FIG. 1. Motor and Motor Circuit Damage Protection, 10H.P. @ 460V, 3 ph. MotorDamageContactor BreakingCurrentCrossover Range(I c = 7 10

I e )OverloadRelayMotorStart#12 WireDamageThermalWithstandLimitContactorWithstand 430-52.MOTOR BRANCH CIRCUIT PROTECTION Maximum rating or setting of protective devices+ FUSECIRCUIT BREAKER* Non-timeDual-elementInstantaneousInverseDelayTime-delayType OnlyTime Type300%175%700%250%+See Article 430, Sec September 1991CEE News FEATURE

September 1991CEE News that the contractor and overload relay canwithstand.Breaking capacity (current) is also of significance. The branch circuit pro crossoverpoint (current). At cur-rents immediately below the crossoverpoint, the overload relay trips and thecontactor is required to break t Selecting branch circuit protection The branch circuit protective devicemay be either a fuse or circuit breaker.Section 430-52(a) (440-22a) of the NECrequires th 2 t) of the branchcircuit protective device must be lowenough to prevent damage to the contactor,overload relay, and conduct 2

t for fuses is limited byU.L. and CSAfor each fuse class. Themore current limiting the fuse, the lowerthese values will be.U.L. d 2 tfor circuit breakers. Circuit breakers thattake 1/2 cycle or greater to clear a faultmay not limit the Ip or I 2 t values to levelsbelow the withstand capabilities of themotor starter. To obtain this informationthe circuit breaker manufact Preventing damage to starter In order to properly select a branch cir-cuit protective device that not only pro-vides motor branch circuit protection, butalso Type 1. Considerable damage to thecontactor and overload relay is accept-able. Replacement of components or acompletely new sta Type 2. No damage is allowed to eitherthe contactor or overload relay. Lightcontact welding is allowed, but must beeasily separable. Comparing branch circuit protectivedevices Acomparison of the branch circuit de-vices commonly used will give an idea of the level of performance the user canexpect.A motorcircuit protector (MCP) is amagnetic only (short circuit only) devicethat will operate under short circuit con-ditions in excess of its instantaneo CURRENT IN AMPERES T I M E I N S E C O N D S FIG. 2. Motor Circuit Protector Sized @ 700% FLA. MotorDamageContactor BreakingCurrentMCP (700% FLA)Crossover Point(I c 5.5 I e )OverloadRelayMotorStart#12 WireDamageThermalWithstandLimitContactorWithstand of 00 Leave a Comment Comment must not be empty. Submit Characters: ... Comment must not be empty. Submit Characters: ... Type -2 Coordination Download or Print 815 Reads Info and Rating Category: Uncategorized. Rating: Upload Date: 09/14/2010 Copyright: Attribution Non-commercial Tags: This document has no tags. Flag document for inapproriate content

This is a private document. Uploaded by Sudhir Saini Download Embed Doc Copy Link Add To Collection Comments Readcast Share Tweet Share on Scribd: Readcast Search TIP Press Ctrl-FF to quickly search anywhere in the document. Search Search History: Searching... Result 00 of 00 00 results for result for p. More from This User Related Documents More From This User 29 p. Battrey Guide 3:00 PM Type -2 Coordination Related Docuements 33 p. AB - Motor circuit protections From ahmedfaraji 8:00 PM 47562678 Design of Motor Control Center From bhaveshbhoi 8:00 PM Design of motor control center From Sameh Abd El-Rahman 6:00 PM

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emphasis being placed on reduced down-time and increased productivity, properapplication and selection of motor branchcircuit protect

motor circuitcomponents, as follows(see Fig. 1): Excessive currentsfrom single phasing, overloading, andlocked rotor conditions cause m

r withstand ca-pabilities than the newer IEC style motorstarters. Regardless of the style of con-trol device used, the characteristics of the

00%250%+See Article 430, Section 430-52, exceptions 1 thru 3.*For latest information, check manufacturers data and/or Underwriters

nificance. The branch circuit protec-tive device must operate at all currentsabove the contactor breaking capacity.Sustained current excee

contactor is required to break the circuit.Consequently, the crossover pointshould not exceed the breaking capacityof the contactor. For c

440-22a) of the NECrequires that the branch circuit protectivedevice shall not exceed the values calcu-lated in accordance with Table 430-

or,overload relay, and conductors. The let-through characteristics must be sufficientto protect the circuit components for alllevels of faul

owerthese values will be.U.L. does not specify maximum Ip or I

onthe circuit breaker manufacturer must becontacted.

anch circuit protection, butalso protects the circuit components fromdamage, the designer must look beyondmere safety standards. Coor

onents or acompletely new starter may be needed.There shall be no discharge of partsbeyond the enclosure.

d, but must beeasily separable.

ormance the user canexpect.A

ons in excess of its instantaneous tripsetting. To allow a motor to start, andprevent nuisance tripping, typical trip set-tings are 700% to 13

on of motor branchcircuit protective devices is essential.Standard industry practice is to use com-ponents listed by Underwriters Laborato

ndlocked rotor conditions cause motors tooverheat, leading to eventual failure.Overload relays and branch circuit pro-tective devices sho

ce used, the characteristics of thebranch circuit protective device mustensure that the let-through energy andpeak current do not rise abo

cturers data and/or UnderwritersLaboratories U.L. Standard 508 for damage and warning label requirements.

capacity.Sustained current exceeding the break-ing capacity will cause destruction of thecontactor which could lead to a morehazardous

ng capacityof the contactor. For currents immedi-ately above the crossover point, thebranch circuit protective device shouldbe sufficient

ted in accordance with Table 430-152.These values have been established toinsure applications are essentially freefrom hazard, but do no

it components for alllevels of fault current. The maximumacceptable Ip and I

yondmere safety standards. Coordination of the branch circuit protective device andthe motor starter is necessary to insurethat there wi

pical trip set-tings are 700% to 1300% of motor fullload current (FLA). This device typicallytakes 1/2 cycle of short circuit current toclear th

nts listed by Underwriters Laborato-ries, or certified by the Canadian StandardAssociation, and applied according to theNational Electrical

nch circuit pro-tective devices should be selected to openthe motor circuit before current levelsreach the heating curve (motor damage)o

gy andpeak current do not rise above the levels

ch could lead to a morehazardous failure of the control equip-ment. Therefore, the intersection of thebranch circuit protective device and

tective device shouldbe sufficiently fast enough to avoid ther-mal damage to the overload relay.

entially freefrom hazard, but do not define the levelof protection. The values given in Table430-52 are maximum values and do notpreclud

s necessary to insurethat there will be no damage or danger toeither the starter or the surrounding equip-ment. Unfortunately, the inform

e of short circuit current toclear the circuit. Unless otherwise noted,these are not considered to be current

ccording to theNational Electrical Code. However, U.L.,CSA, and NEC testing and applicationprocedures are largely oriented towardfire sa

he heating curve (motor damage)of the motor. The overload relay andbranch circuit protective devices mustalso be able to withstand mo

ranch circuit protective device andoverload relay characteristic should notexceed the breaking capacity of thecontactor. This intersection

aximum values and do notpreclude the application of lower sizes.When selecting the protective device,the following conditions must be

ip-ment. Unfortunately, the informationneeded to thoroughly evaluate the coordi-nation of the branch circuit componentsis not readily a

are largely oriented towardfire safety, with little, if any, concernabout maintaining productivity or pre-venting downtime. Simply selecting

mustalso be able to withstand motor startingcurrent or, inrush current, which typi-cally lasts for up to 10 sec, without trip-ping prematu

of thecontactor. This intersection is known asthe

the following conditions must be satis-fied to prevent damage to the motor cir-cuit and minimize downtime in the eventof an overcurren

circuit componentsis not readily available. There is, however,an IEC (International ElectrotechnicalCommission) Standard that offers guid-

enting downtime. Simply selecting thebranch circuit protective device to com-ply with one of these codes or standardsmay not provide an

10 sec, without trip-ping prematurely (see Fig. 1). Wire damage can oc-cur under two condi-tions. First, motor cir-cuit conductors have a

time in the eventof an overcurrent condition:The time current characteristic mustbe able to withstand the motor inrushcurrent. The bra

mission) Standard that offers guid-ance in evaluating the level of damagelikely to occur during a short circuit withvarious branch circuit pro

es or standardsmay not provide an acceptable level of protection.Underwriters Laboratories has devel-oped standards to verify that an el

, motor cir-cuit conductors have ashort circuit withstandrating that must not beexceeded. If the branchcircuit protective deviceis not cap

the motor inrushcurrent. The branch circuit protectivedevice should also be capable of provid-ing backup motor overload protectionfo

cuit withvarious branch circuit protective devices.IEC Publication 947, Low VoltageSwitchgear and Control, Part 4-1:Contactors and Mot

oped standards to verify that an electricalproduct will not cause fire or electricalshock hazards. UL508 is the standardused to evaluate the

circuit protective deviceis not capable of limit-ing the short circuitcurrent to a value be-low the wire withstand,the wire may be dam-aged

kup motor overload protectionfor the overload relay. If contacts havewelded or the overload relay has beenmiscalibrated, a second level

trol, Part 4-1:Contactors and Motor Starters, addressesthe coordination between the branch cir-cuit protective device and the motor sta

the standardused to evaluate the short circuit protec-tion of industrial control equipment.Section 58 o

hstand,the wire may be dam-aged, or destroyed.Secondly, overheatingcaused by overloadconditions

beenmiscalibrated, a second level of protec-tion is provided for the motor and motorcircuit conductors.The

otective device and the motor starter.It also provides a method to measure theperformance of these device