UNIT 1 COOPERATIVE HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT #1 ANSWER KEY

1. In ecosystems, the flow of _________________ is one way, while _________ is/are constantly recycled. a. minerals; energy b. glucose; water c. energy; minerals d. oxygen; energy e. food energy; ATP energy 2. Which ecosystem processes contribute to the current imbalance in the carbon cycle? a. cell respiration by producers and consumers b. deforestation c. formation of fossil fuels d. burning fossil fuels for energy e. both b and d are contributing factors 3. We observe every fall that the trees in the forest lose their leaves, but by the following fall, the leaves seem to have disappeared. The most accurate explanation for this observation is: a. decomposers and detritus feeders used the leaves as food b. park rangers groom the forest floor each spring c. secondary and tertiary consumers fed on the leaves d. producers used the leaves as a source of energy e. increasing levels of CO2 caused the leaves to decompose 4. In the following Arctic food chain, which of the following is true?
seaweeds fishes seals humans

a. the seal population could provide more food energy for the humans than the fish
population

b. the total energy content of the all the seaweeds would be lower than that of all the seals c. the fishes get a higher percentage of energy from eating the seaweed than the seals get
from eating the fishes

d. fishes should be more numerous than seals e. the fishes would show a higher concentration of fat soluble toxins than the seals 5. Identify the correctly matched pair: a. rainfall - biotic factors in ecosystems b. global warming - formation of fossil fuels c. renewable energy - wave power d. corn - secondary consumer e. food webs - decrease in ecosystem stability

6. In an ecosystem, bioaccumulation of poisons would have the most serious effect on: a. grass, because producers have the largest population b. hawks, because they are at the top of the food chain c. rabbits, because they are herbivores d. water, because water receives poisons from the land e. the amount would be equal in all levels, because each level has to feed to survive 7. Arrange the following organisms into their appropriate levels on a trophic pyramid: beetles, sunflower seeds, foxes, and chickens.

Level 4 - Foxes

Level 3 Chickens

Level 2 Beetles

Level 1 Sunflower seeds

8. Return to your trophic pyramid in question 7 and add the following information. If the producer level of the pyramid had 12,000,000 kcal of available energy, how many kcal would be available to each level of the pyramid? Enter the correct number of kcal next to each level of the pyramid and show your calculations. Correct Answer: Level 1 - sunflower seeds - 12,000,000 kcal Level 2 - beetles - 1,200,000 kcal Level 3 - chickens - 120,000 kcal Level 4 - foxes - 12,000 kcal

9. In reference to your trophic pyramid in question 7: If there was a huge population explosion among the beetles in the food chain, which trophic levels might also increase in population? Which might decrease in population? Explain your answer. Correct Answer: The chickens may increase in population because of the more abundant food supply. The sunflower seed population may decrease because of the number of beetles eating them.

10. Match each statement with the best answer. Answers can be used only once. [g] 1. organism that can perform photosynthesis a. decomposer [e] 2. examples include: wind, mineral nutrients, and soil b. ATP [m] 3. type of chemicals that accumulate they pass c. 10% of available energy through in food chains [f] 4. your trophic level when eating onions d. photosynthesis [n] 5. amount of energy lost between levels of a trophic e. abiotic factors pyramid [p] 6. microscopic aquatic producers f. primary consumer [a] 7. you find mold growing on an orange in your kitchen [i] 8. process that occurs during the following equation: g. producer food molecules + O2 ATP energy + CO2 + H2O h. biotic factors i. cell respiration j. water soluble k. trophic pyramid l. terrestrial m. fat soluble n. 90% of available energy o. secondary consumer p. phytoplankton