Stopping Sight Distance An alert driver is driving on an urban flat road at 30 km/hr on a dry pavement.

When suddenly a cat running across the road at a distance of 45 metres ahead. Can the driver stop in time without hitting the cat?

V = 30 km t = 2.5 urban area

solution :

= 20.85 =29.7 m

8.86

Intersection Sight Distance A car is travelling at 30 km/hr along a secondary road approaching an intersection with priority control. The car will cross the intersection and reach the same speed after departing from the intersection. The width of pavement along the path where the vehicle crosses is 7.1 m. Calculate the required sight distance for approach and departure.

V = 30 km t=2s a = 1.96 m/

solution

( = 16.67
= 34.4 m 69.40

Sight Distance For Departure

= 0.278 (30)( 2
= 56.7 m S=D

4.8 )

W 7.1

L 5

=3

=15.1 m

Intersection Sight Distance

The operator of a vehicle approaching an intersection should have an unobstructed view of the entire intersection and an adequate view of the intersecting highway to permit control of the vehicle to avoid a collision. When designing an intersection, the following factors should be taken into consideration:

Adequate sight distance should be provided along both highway approaches and across corners.

Gradients of intersecting highways should be as flat as practical on sections that are to be used for storage of stopped vehicles.

Combination of vertical and horizontal curvature should allow adequate sight distance of the intersection.

Traffic lanes should be clearly visible at all times. Lane markings and signs should be clearly visible and understandable from a desired distance.

Intersections should be free from the sudden appearance of potential conflicts. Intersections should be evaluated for the effects of barriers, rails, and retaining walls on sight distance. For selecting appropriate intersection sight distance, refer to A Policy on Geometric Design for Streets and Highways, AASHTO. Sight distance criteria are provided for the following types of intersection controls:

Intersections with no control Intersections with no stop control on the minor road Intersections with yield control on the minor road Intersections with traffic signal control Intersections with all-way stop control Left turns from the major road.

Sight Distance on Horizontal Curves The figure below illustrates the horizontal curve section of a rural highway. The suggested offset clearance for planting trees is 10 m. The highway design speed is 30 km/hr, while the curve length and curve radius is 36.6 m and 34 m respectively. Drivers perception-reaction time is taken as 2.5 seconds and the coefficient of friction between the tyre and the road surface is 0.40. is the suggested offset clearance adequate to allow for safe stopping sight distance?

L = 36.6 m R = 34 m = 30 m S = 29.7 m m = 10.4 m t = 2.5 f = 0.40 Solution

=3.221 m

I=2

sin( /2)