7/may/2012:

I got my offer letter for the internship in BSNL.

8/may/2012:
Have an introduction with the Telecom District Manager and with the working staff members of the company. Also my industry guides were appointed to guide me for the fulfillment of my internship.

9/may/2012:
Now, being a part of this organization I came to know about its working and its responsibilities which includes improvement of the already impeccable quality of telecom services, expansion of telecom services in all villages and instilling confidence among its customers. Today I came to know about the working of the telephone exchange:All telephone subscribers are served by automatic exchanges, which perform the functions of the human operator. The number being dialed is stored and then passed to the exchanges central computer, which in turns operates the switching to complete the call or routes it a higher level switch for further processing. Todays automatic exchanges uses a pair of computers, one running the program that provides services and the second monitoring the operation of the first, ready to take over in a few seconds in the event of equipment failure. Various exchanges present in BSNL are: E-10B OCB283 EWSD

10/may/2012:
Basic structural units of the exchange:1. Subscribers connection unit 2. Switching network (CX) 3. Control unit 4. OMC For smooth working of an exchange following unit are very important:-

1. Computer Unit: - it deals with additional services of the exchange to the customers with the help of computers. 2. Power Plant: - to feed proper power supply to exchange 3. AC Plant: - to maintain the continuous temperature + or 2 degree Celsius to the digital switch (exchange). 4. MDF: - to connect switch (exchange) with the external environment (subscriber) i.e. it is the interface between subscribers and exchange.

11/may/2012:
Today I come to know about the very important topic V- SAT Network What is V-SAT? It can be defined as a class of very small aperture Intelligent Satellite Earth Station suitable for easy on-premise installation, usually operating in conjugation with a large size HUB earth station. Capable of supporting a wide range of two ways integrated Telecom Services. REASON FOR V-SAT EVOLUTION The main reason for V-SAT evolution is due to advances in following areas: Packet transmission and switching. Efficient multiple access protocol. Powerful microprocessor KU and RF electronics Antennae miniaturization Spread spectrum techniques. Protocol standardization and implementation LSI based FEC codec has and modems. Higher power satellites. OPERATIONAL ASPECTS Considering a V-SAT system from its operational aspects, there are five broad functions that determines how the system works. These are: Bandwidth allocation Multiplexing
2

Network management Protocol handling Transmission TYPE OF ACCESS FOR V-SAT DATA NETWORK There are three types access available for V-SAT data networks. They are: 1. Fixed assignment time division multiple access (F-TDMA) 2. Random access a. Pure aloha b. Slotted aloha c. Reservation i. Implicit ii. Explicit 3. Code division multiple access (CDMA)

Total market share for all type of services

BSNL/MTNL Reliance Bharti

20.27 14.15 14.73 8.1 7.41 30.07 5.27

Vodafone Tata Idea Others

Performance Review:

BSNL initially offered speeds up to 3.6 Mbps which it is now upgrading to 7.2 Mbps private Operators have been shouting of amazing speeds of 21 Mbps by implementing the most advance HSPA+ Networks! How far is this true? In 3.6 Mbps circles of BSNL 3G, users have reported up to true 3.4-3.5 maximum speeds and up to 6+ Mbps speeds in 7.2 Mbps circles. On the other hand, most DOCOMO users have been getting just 2-3 Mbps speeds in average across the cities where it has launched though some have reported up to 7 Mbps at Best. Similarly, Reliance has reported speeds of around 6 Mbps though it needs further reports as there are few users with reliance till now. 3G Network Coverage: We know that all private Operators have got 3G Licenses in only some of the circles, users have to face roaming charges upon travelling from one circle to other or change or operator will definitely affect speed. Even proper 3G roaming is currently not available for other circles where the Operators dont have a license though it is expected to commence very soon with operators indicating mutual tie-ups very soon. In this regard, BSNL 3G is the only Pan India 3G Operator which offers FREE and seamless roaming across circles and even in the MTNL 3G Circles of Delhi and Mumbai.