CHAPTER 5 NOTES RIP RIP CHARACTERISTICS RIP is a distance vector protocol RIP uses hop count as its only

only metric for path selection Advertised routes with hops greater than 15 are unreachable Messages are broadcast every 30 seconds

NOTE: The data portion of a RIP message is encapsulated into a UDP segment with both the source port and destination port set to 520. The IP header and data link header add broadcast destination addresses before the message is sent out to all RIP configured interfaces. RIPv1 HEADER COMMAND: 1 for a request, 2 for a reply VERSION: 1 for RIPv1, 2 for RIPv2 MUST BE ZERO: This field is for future expansion of RIP RIPv1 MESSAGE FORMAT ADDRESS FAMILY IDENTIFIER: 2 for IP unless a Request for the full routing table in which case, set to 0 IP ADDRESS: The address of the destination route, which may be a network, a subnet, or a host address METRIC: Hop count between 1 and 16. Sending router increases metric before sending out the message

NOTE: One RIP update can contain up to 25 route entries. The maximum datagram size is 504 bytes, not including the IP or UDP headers. NOTE: RIPv1 is a Classful routing protocol. It does not send subnet mask info. Classful Routing

8 BITS CLASS A Network 255 . CLASS B Network 255 . CLASS C Network

8 BITS Host 0 .

8 BITS Host 0 Host 0 . Network .

8 BITS Host CLASS A 1.0.0.0 THRU 126.255.255.255 0 Host CLASS B 128.0.0.0 THRU 191.255.255.255 0 Host CLASS C 192.0.0.0 THRU 223.255.255.255

Network 255 . Network

CHAPTER 5 NOTES RIP

NOTE: Administrative Distance (AD) is the trustworthiness (or preference of a route). RIP has a DEFULT AD of 120. It is least preferred in IGP. ENABLING RIP SYNTAX Steps to enabling RIP {CHAPTER FIVE 5.2.2.1 and 5.2.3.1} o R1# config t o R1(config)#router ? { this will list the routing protocols the IOS supports} o R1(config)# router rip o R1 (config-router)#network directly-connected-classful-address NOTE: under the network command, enter classful address for each directly connected network. To Negate Rip o no router rip THE NETWORK COMMAND Puropse: Syntax: Router (config-router)#network directly-connected-classful-address VERIFYING RIP: show ip route Powerful Troubleshooting Tools: NOTE: Before you configure any routing, static or dynamic, use show ip interface brief to make sure all necessary interfaces are up and up. Troubleshoot in this order: Command show ip route verifies that routes received by RIP neighbors are installed in the routing table. Note: an R code indicates RIP Command show ip protocols This output can be used to verify most RIP parameters to confirm that : RIP routing is configured 2 Enables the sending and receiving of RIP updates for interfaces that belong to the specified network. Advertises the specified network in RIP updates

CHAPTER 5 NOTES RIP The correct interfaces send and receive RIP updates The router advertise the correct networks RIP neighbors are sending updates Note: This command also useful for verifying EIGRP and OSPF. Command debug ip rip is used to find issues with RIP updates. It displays RIP routing updates as they are sent and received. Because updates are periodic, you need to Wait for next round of updates to see any output.

NOTE: Most RIP configuration errors involve an incorrect network statement configuration, a missing network statement configuration, or the configuration of discontiguous subnets in a classful environment.