BANKI TURBINES WITH POWER ADJUSTMENT Engineer Mihai Drzan, Engineer Marius Dumitrache S.

C Total Electric Oltenia S.A Rm. Vlcea, Copcelu Street no.3A Romania www.totalelectric-oltenia.ro ,phone. +40250743960, fax . +40250718547 prof.doc.engineer Fuiorea Ionu-Straero SA/ www.straero.ro SUMMARY The paper presents features of the BANKI turbine realized by SC. Electra Total Consulting SA Bucharest, member of Energy Services Group where olso member is SC Total Electric Oltenia SA, in consortium with STRAERO SA Bucharest. In this way is prezented the prototype of this turbine and its performances witch recomands it for the interior rivers of Romania compared with the Ossberger and/or Cink turbines. Key words: adaptability, performance, implementation, integrated, safety. 1. THE CROSSFLOW TURBINE Horizontal entrance of the water

PRINCIPLE, OSSBERGER SYSTEM The flow turbine is radial with a small pressure, with tangential attacking to the rotor blades, with horizontal shaft rotor. According to the number of the turbine rotor revolutions it belongs to the small number of turns turbines. Stream is directed by the steering device so that it enters through the crown range inside the rotor, still further by passing a second time towards the crown pallet out in the turbine casing. From the turbine casing, water flows free or through the suction pipe in the water tank beneath the turbine.

Vertical entrance of the water

In practice this flow of water ensures effective achievement of turbine rotor cleaning. Impurityes which at the are pressed between pallets at the water entrance in the turbine are, after half a rotation, extracted by the centrifugal force and move further in the water tank after the turbine.

If the flow of water entering turbine is variable, the turbine is built with two inlet chambers. Standard partition of the volume of both chambers is in 1:2 ratio. The narrower room is used for lower flow rates and the highest for medium water flow rates. At the nominal (high) flow are used both chambers simultaneously. Through this division water flow can be used with the optimum efficiency between rated flow and 1/6 Qn. In this way flow turbines are using with maximum efficiency variable river flows in turbine efficiency over 80%. Steering device In the flow turbines with two water admision chambers, water is directed by two well-balanced adjustment valves and with drop water profile. These valves share the stream, balances it and make it to join the room regardless of their width. Both flaps act independently of each other, are placed in tight housing, and for borrowers and small falls can fulfill the functions of the current body of water close to the entrance of turbine. In this case there is no need to mount a locking plate before turbine.

Tuning tabs are independent from each other and are mounted on long arms which are coupled to automatic or manual drive. Tuning tabs have the shaft introduced into bearings with selfoilling which not require any maintenance. By adding counterweights at the end of the shaft is obtained the selfclose capacity, in case of damage or in case of turbines overspeed, when is necessary to close the turbine. 2. FLOW TURBINE CINK SYSTEM The main diference between Cink-Banki and Ossberger systems lies in the adjustment of water flow entering in the turbine. At the CinkBanki turbines was created a segment of adjustment which closes and openes the supply room.

3. FLOW TURBINE ETC-STRAERO SYSTEM The flow turbine ETC Straero system is a welded construction, compact, equipped with flange type inlet. Simple design provides low-cost solution than other models on the market, without reducing performance. Drive shaft bearings are located outside the assembly so that water can not reach them. The turbine output shaft is provided with wedge for coupling with the electric generator shaft. For monitoring and control of water intake closing tray (steering device) and the intake valve placed upstream, that bystep turbine, are provided on the inlet piping and on the turbine body, threaded connections for gauges the transmission of electrical signals. The water intake closing drawer between the turbine blades has a linear action from outside the turbine body. The turbine is composed of: case or turbine body, steering device or nozzle flow/ supply, rotor subassembly, drawer, drawer n power adjustable Banki turbine supports, bearings, supports bearings, seals, with power adjustment drawer system tray(steering device).

Drive system steering device It is a concept of SC Electra Total Consulting SA Bucharest and provides a number of advantages to this Banki turbine which are:

maximum generator) -

Power efficiency the is

adjustment of energy to the

in

island resource -

system or coupled to the system ensuring exploatation, hydroaggregate(turbine

adapting Energy

currently of a

conditions of the hydroenergetical planning; performance planning can be reached at any instaled power, the energy supplied being determinated by At the flow turbines built by using full flow regardless of how it varies, knowing that the interior rivers (and especially those in mountains areas) have a change of flow from 20% to 130% of the multiannual flow; The safety of the instalations and areas downstream of the plant are achieving trought the turbines and the generators drive system capacity and isolation valves whichever occured unexpected; The ETC-Straero flow turbines efficiency, in the range of low fall and low flow rates reaches, on the entire flow adjustment beach, level of 86%. For greater falls and flow rates the efficiency achieves level of 91%.

ETC-Straero dont reach the occurrence of the cavitation phenomenon and as a result disappears the need to mount the turbine rotor drowned and consequently extra and inconventional developement consts needed for this solution disappear. The maximum packing speed of the turbine is 2,05 rated speed. This allows using a series manufactured generator.

300KVA turbine drive system sketch

Tehnological flow in CHEMP equipped with an power adjustable Banki turbine

Block diagram of a Banki turbine equipped plant with power adjustment

4. CONCLUSIONS The Banki turbine with power adjustment can be used on interiors rivers from Romania, with falls between 3 and 220 m and will provide electricity for a change of flow between 20-130% of the multiannual flow. Creating a positive climate between humans and the environment leads to an ideal use of natural forces, without negatively affecting the environment, in order to produce electricity from renewable sources such as for example in hydropower plants. Using of hydropower plants is limited by some essential factors: the costs of investments related to research, planning, design, equipment manufacture, plant construction, instalations, equipment

instalation and commissioning services.

References Ioan Anton- Turbine Hidraulice, 1978; PE 013/1994. Normativ privind metodele i elementele de calcul al siguranei n U.C.M. Reia. Diagnosticarea strii tehnice, soluii i tehnologii moderne,

funcionare a instalaiilor; asigurarea calitii lucrrilor de retehnologizare a hidroagregatelor din centralele din Romnia,2000; Drzan C, Istrate E. Evidenierea punctelor critice n sigurana funcionrii Popovici A. Baraje pentru acumulri de ap,Ed.Tehnic,2002; Hutte. Die Grundlagen der Ingenieurwissenschafen,1989; Drzan C, Duu A. Analiza i evidena punctelor slabe din instalaii, component instalaiilor S.H.Vlcea i a cauzelor ce le-au produs, pe baza analizei datelor de exploatare;

a S.U.I din cadrul SH Rm. Vlcea.