MODULE SCIENCE FORM 5 1 CHAPTER 1 : Microorganisms and Their Effects on Living Things PAPER 2 1.

SPM 2003 Table shows the results of an experiment to study the effects of temperature on bacterial growth. Jadual menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen kajian kesan suhu terhadap pertumbuhan bakteria. Temperature/ C suhu 0 15 25 35 60 Size of colony after 24 hours/mm Saiz koloni backteria selepas 24 jam (mm) 2 5 10 15 3

(a) State one hypothesis that can be made from table. Nyatakan satu hipotesis berdasarkan jadual.. .. [1 mark] (b) (i) Based on Table, draw a graph to show the relationship between the size of bacterial colony and temperature. Berdasarkan Jadual, lukiskan graf menunjukkan hubungan antara saiz koloni bacteria dengan suhu.

(ii)

Based on the graph, state the optimum temperature for bacterial growth. Berdasarkan graf, nyatakan suhu optimum untuk pertumbuhan bacteria. .. norasiah6500@yahoo.com

MODULE SCIENCE FORM 5 CHAPTER 1 : Microorganisms and Their Effects on Living Things (iii) Predict the size of bacterial colony at 80 C. Ramalkan saiz koloni bacteria pada suhu 80 C. . [4 marks]

2. SPM 2004 Figure shows an experiment carried out to study the effect of penicillin on bacterial growth. Rajah menunjukkan eksperimen untuk mengkaji kesan penicillin ke atas pertumbuhan bacteria.

Petri dish Piring petri

Nutrient agar Agar-agar nutrien

Three penicillin discs P1, P2 and P3 with different concentration are placed on the nutrient agar surface. The petri dish is incubated upside down at 37 C. After two days, a clear area is formed around each disc. The diameter of the clear area is measured and recorded in Table. Tiga cekera penicillin P1, P2, dan P3 dengan kepekatan yang berlainan diletakkan di atas permukaan agar nutrient. Piring petri dieramkan dalam keadaan telangkup pada suhu 37 C. Selepas dua hari, satu kawasan jernih terbentuk disekeliling setiap cakera. Diameter kawasan jernih diukur dan direkod seperti dalam Jadual. Penicilin disc P3 P2 P1 Cakera penicillin Diameter of the clear area/ cm Diameter kawasan jernih/cm 2.0 2.4 1.5

(a) Using Table, which disc has the highest concentration of penicillin? Dengan menggunakan Jadual, cakera manakah mempunyai kepekatan penicillin yang paling tinggi. . [1 mark] (b) What is the hypothesis of this experiment? Apakah hipotesis eksperimen ini. . [1 mark] (c) State one method to fix the controlled variable in this experiment. norasiah6500@yahoo.com

MODULE SCIENCE FORM 5 3 CHAPTER 1 : Microorganisms and Their Effects on Living Things Nyatakan satu cara untuk menetapkan pembolehubah yang dimalarkan dalam eksperimen ini. . [1 mark] (d) Penicillin is an antibiotic. State the meaning of antibiotic based on this experiment (operational definition). Penicillin ialah sejenis antibiotic. Nyatakan maksud bagi antibiotic berdasarkan eksperimen ini. (definisi secara operasi) [1 mark] (e) W, X, Y and Z are microorganisms. W, X, Y dan Z ialah mikroorganisma.

Classify W, X, Y and Z using the following characteristics. Kelaskan W, X, Y dan Z dengan menggunakan ciri-ciri berikut; Can be destroyed by penicillin Dapat dimusnahkan oleh penicillin Cannot be destroyed by penicillin. Tidak dapat dimusnahkan oleh penicillin Complete the table below to show your answer. Lengkapkan jadual di bawah untuk menunjukkan jawapan anda. Can be destroyed by penicillin Dapat dimusnahkan oleh penicillin Cannot be destroyed by penicillin Tidak dapat dimusnahkan oleh penicillin

[2 marks] 3. SPM 2005 Figure shows the result of an experiment to study the effect of different concentration of an antibiotic on bacterial growth. norasiah6500@yahoo.com

MODULE SCIENCE FORM 5 4 CHAPTER 1 : Microorganisms and Their Effects on Living Things Rajah menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen untuk mengkaji kesan perbezaan satu antibiotic yang mempunyai kepekatan berbeza ke atas pertumbuhan bacteria.

Antibiotic disc of high concentration

Clear area Antibiotic disc of low concentration

Bacteria (a) State one hypothesis for this experiment. Nyatakan satu hipotesis untuk eksperimen ini. [1 mark] (b) State the variable in this experiment; Nyatakan pembolehubah dalam eksperimen ini; (i) Manipulated variable Pembolehubah dimanipulasikan . Responding variable Pembolehubah bergerak balas . [2 marks] (c) Write down one observation for this experiment. Tuliskan satu pemerhatian bagi eksperimen ini. (ii) .. [1 mark] (d) What is meant by antibiotic based on this experiment (operational definition)? Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan antibiotic berdasarkan eksperimen ini (definisi secara operasi)? .. [1 mark] 4. SPM 2006 In an experiment a bacteria Basillus subtilis is cultured in a petri dish containing nutrient agar for five days at 37 C. The result of the experiment is shown in Table. Dalam satu eksperimen bacteria Basillus subtilis dikulturkan di dalam piring petri yang mengandungi agar nutrient selama lima hari pada 37 C. Keputusan eksperimen seperti di dalam Jadual. norasiah6500@yahoo.com

MODULE SCIENCE FORM 5 5 CHAPTER 1 : Microorganisms and Their Effects on Living Things Day Hari 1 2 3 4 5 Number of bacterial colonies Bilangan koloni bakteria 8 15 19 21 22

(a) Using data in Table, draw a graph of the number of bacterial colonies against time. Dengan menggunakan data dalam Jadual, lukis graf bilangan koloni bacteria melawan masa.

(b) What is the relationship between the number of bacterial colonies and time? Apakah hubungan antara bilangan koloni bacteria dengan masa. .. [1 mark] th (c) Predict the number of bacterial colonies produced on the 6 day. Ramalkan bilangan koloni bacteria yang terhasil pada hari ke 6. .. [1 mark] norasiah6500@yahoo.com

MODULE SCIENCE FORM 5 6 CHAPTER 1 : Microorganisms and Their Effects on Living Things 5. SPM 2007 Diagram shows an experiment to study the effect of pH on the growth of bacteria. Rajah menunjukkan satu eksperiment untuk mengkaji kesan pH ke atas pertumbuhan bacteria. P Q R
Nutrient broth + Nutrient broth + Nutrient broth +

Bacteria culture + Acid

Bacteria culture + Alkali

Bacteria culture + Distilled water

After two days, the appearance of the mixture in each test tube is observed. Table shows the result of this experiment. Selepas dua hari, keadaan campuran dalam setiap tabung uji diperhatikan. Jadual menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen ini. Test tube Tabung uji P Q R pH Value Nilai pH Acid (pH less than 7) Asid (pH kurang daripada 7) Alkali (pH more than 7) Alkali (pH lebih daripada 7) Neutral (pH 7) Neutral (pH 7) Cloudiness of mixture Kekeruhan campuran Slightly cloudy Kurang keruh Slightly cloudy Kurang keruh Very cloudy Sangat keruh

(a) State the variable in this experiment. Nyatakan pembolehubah dalam eksperimen ini. (i) Manipulated variable Pembolehubah dimanipulasikan .. Constant variable Pembolehubah dimalarkan

(ii)

.. [2 marks] (b) Based on the Table, Berdasarkan jadual, (i) What is the best condition for the growth of bacteria? Apakah keadaan paling sesuai untuk pertumbuhan bacteria? .. State the inference that you can make. Nyatakan inferens yang dapat anda buat. norasiah6500@yahoo.com

(ii)

MODULE SCIENCE FORM 5 7 CHAPTER 1 : Microorganisms and Their Effects on Living Things . [2 marks] (c) Based on this experiment, state the operational definition for the growth of bacteria. Berdasarkan eksperimen ini, nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi pertumbuhan bacteria. .. [1 mark] 6. SPM 2011 Diagram shows an experiment to study the effect of temperature on the growth of bacteria, Bacillus subtilis. Rajah menunjukkan satu eksperiment untuk mengkaji kesan suhu ke atas pertumbuhan bacteria, Bacillus subtilis.
Temperature 5 C Temperature 37 C Temperature 70 C

L 5 cm nutrient broth + 1 cm bacteria culture 5 cm bubur nutrient + 1 cm kultur bakteria

After two days, the appearance of the nutrient broth in each test tube is observed. The result recorded is shown in Table. Selepas dua hari, keadaan bubur nutrient dalam setiap tabung uji diperhatikan. Keputusan direkodkan dalam jadual. Test tube Tabung uji K L M Temperature Suhu 5C 37 C 70 C Appearance of the nutrient broth Keadaan bubur nutrient Slightly cloudy Sedikit keruh Cloudy Keruh Slightly cloudy Sedikit keruh

(a) State the variable in this experiment. Nyatakan pembolehubah dalam eksperimen ini. (i) Manipulated variable Pembolehubah dimanipulasikan .. Responding variable norasiah6500@yahoo.com

(ii)

MODULE SCIENCE FORM 5 8 CHAPTER 1 : Microorganisms and Their Effects on Living Things Pembolehubah bergerak balas .. [2 marks] (b) State the hypothesis for this experiment. Nyatakan hipotesis untuk eksperimen ini. . [1 mark] (c) State the inference that can be made based on this experiment. Nyatakan inferens yang boleh dibuat berdasarkan eksperimen ini. [1 mark] (d) Based on this experiment, state the operational definition for bacteria. Berdasarkan eksperimen ini, nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi bacteria. .. [1 mark] 7. SPM 2008 (a) State two differences between artificial active immunity and artificial passive immunity. Give one example of a disease which can be prevented by each type of immunization. Nyatakan dua perbezaan antara keimunan aktif buatan dengan keimunan pasif buatan. Beri satu contoh penyakit yang boleh dicegah oleh setiap jenis pengimunan. Artificial active immunity Artificial passive immunity

Example:

Example:

[4 marks] (b) A group of officers from the Health Department were asked to control dengue fever in a residential area. Explain how could they overcome this problem. Sekumpulan pegawai dari Jabatan Kesihatan diarahkan untuk mengawal demam denggi di satu kawasan perumahan. Huraikan bagaimana mereka dapat mengatasi masalah ini. Your answer should include the following: Jawapan anda hendaklah mengandungi perkara berikut: Identify the problem Mengenal pasti masalah. norasiah6500@yahoo.com

MODULE SCIENCE FORM 5 9 CHAPTER 1 : Microorganisms and Their Effects on Living Things Clarification of the problem Penjelasan masalah . . Suggest four methods to solve the problem Cadangkan empat kaedah untuk menyelesaikan masalah itu . . . . [6 marks] 8. SPM 2010 Study the following statement: Kaji pernyataan berikut: The growth of bacteria is better in the dark than under the light. Perumbuhan bacteria adalah lebih baik dalam keadaan gelap daripada keadaan bercahaya (a) Suggest one hypothesis to investigate the above statement. Cadangkan satu hipotesis untuk menyiasat pernyataan di atas.

[1 mark]

(b) Using petri dish, nutrient agar, Bacillus subtillis bakteria and other apparatus, describe an experiment to test your hypothesis in 10(a) based on the following criteria: Dengan menggunakan piring petri, agar nutrien, bacteria Bacillus subtillis dan radas lain, huraikan satu eksperimen untuk menguji hipotesis anda di 10(a) berdasarkan criteria berikut: (i) Aim of the experiment Tujuan eksperimen [1 mark] (ii) Identification of variable Pengenalpastian pembolehubah [2 mark] (iii) List of apparatus and materials Senarai radas dan bahan [1 mark] (iv) Procedure Prosedur atau kaedah [4 marks] (v) Tabulation of data Penjadualan data [1 mark]

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MODULE SCIENCE FORM 5 10 CHAPTER 1 : Microorganisms and Their Effects on Living Things

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