Everything We Were Supposed to Learn in Spanish 8x Review/Study Guide Commands Endings:

T Usted Ustedes Nosotros Vosotros Affirmative ar-er-ir a-e-e e-a-a en-an-an emos-amos-amos ad-ed-id Negative ar-er-ir es-as-as e-a-a en-an-an emos-amos-amos is-is-is

More Explanation: T: + Change to the l/ella form of the verb - Change to the yo form drop o add es (ar verbs) or as (er/ir) and no before the verb Irregulars: decir (di), salir (sal), poner (pon), ser (s), venir (ven), hacer (haz), tener (ten) Usted: + Yo form drop o add opposite ending (e for ar, a for er/-ir) - No + affirmative command Irregulars: Most of the irregulars will be changed to what theyre supposed to be when you change the verb to the yo form. Exceptions: ir (vaya(n)), ser (sea(n)), saber (sepa(n)), estar (est(n)), dar (d, den). Ustedes: + Same as usted, add n (en for ar, an for er/-ir) - Same as usted, add n Irregulars: Same as usted Nosotros: + Nosotros form with the opposite ending - No+ present subjunctive of nosotros form Irregulars: Irse (+: Vamos, -: No vayamos) Vosotros: + Replace the final r with a d - No + vosotros form with opposite ending (accents: -is/ -is) Note: Verbs ending in ir need an accent on the i. You (t) watch ____________________ Dont read (t) ___________________

You (usted) open _________________ Dont sing (ustedes) ________________ Drink (vosotros) __________________ Dont be (ustedes) _________________ Lets go (nosotros) ________________ Lets not go (nosotros)_________________ Dont eat (vosotros) ____________________

Commands with pronouns Direct Object Pronouns -Are the object of the verb and answer the questions who or what me nos te os lo, la los, las Indirect Object Pronouns -Answer the questions to, for, from, by who, or whom me nos te os le les Reflexive Pronouns -Refer to the subject that the verb reflects back on/who is doing the verb me nos te os se se When to place before: 1) Conjugated verb forms (me llavo la cara) 2) Negative commands (no te llaves la cara) When to place after (attatched): 1) Affirmative commands (mndenlos) 2) Present participles (when verbs end in ando and iendo) 3) Infinitive verbs Order/Rules -Indirect + Direct -Reflexive Pronoun + Direct -When Indirect + Direct both begin with L, change the indirect to se -When one or two pronouns are added to an affirmative command, an accent is added over the 3rd vowel back from the end of the word -When two pronounds are added to infinitive, an accent is written on the

infinitive ending (voy a lerselo) Call him. (T) __________________ Invite her. (Usted) __________________ Talk to me. (Ustedes) __________________ Help them (ellas). (T) __________________ Tell me. (Usted) ____________________ Read it (el libro). (T) _______________ Dont call him. (ustedes) _______________________ Dont invite her. (T) ______________________ Dont read it (la revista). (Usted) __________________ Send it to us (la carta). (T) ______________________ Explain it to me (la tarea). (T) _____________________ Give it to him (el dinero). (T) _______________________ Dont buy them ( los juguetes) for them (ellos). (Usted) ________________________

More commands review: http://studyspanish.com/tutorial.htm click unit 8 on the left http://www.scribd.com/doc/12990407/Spanish-2-AffirmativeCommands-Worksheet http://www.colby.edu/~bknelson/SLC/command_forms.php Relative Pronouns Introduce dependent clauses.
que quien(es) con quien cuyo(s) cuya(s) el (los) cual(es) la(s) cual(es) that whom with whom whose masculine (plural) whose feminine (plural) these/those that these/those that usually refers to things, always refers to objects after a pronoun only refers to people only refers to people agrees in number & gender with the object being owned, not the owner agrees in number & gender

Practice/Review: Studyspanish.com unit 8, #85-88

Present Subjunctive Used with: -Ojal (used with or without que) -Verbs of hope (desear, esperar, querer)

-Verbs of influence (aconsejar, dejar, exigir, insistir, mandar, prohibir) -With doubt (dudar, es dudoso/imposible, no es cierto/verdad, no estar de acuerdo con, no estar seguro(a) de) -With emotion (es sorprendente/una lstima/triste, encantar, gustar, enojarse, sentir, alegrarse (de), estar contento(a) ) -With conjunctions (a fin de que, a menos que, antes de que, con tal de que, en caso de que, para que, sin que) -With the unknown (Querer, no hay/concozco/tengoque, and with questions: Hay que?, Conocesque?, Tienesque?) Endings: -ar verbs use er/-ir endings -er/-ir verbs use ar endings Es importante que l (hacer) ____________ la tarea. Es una lstima que ellos no (superar) ____________ los obstculos. Es possible que l no (romper) ___________________ con ella Mi mam quiere que yo (ayudar) __________________ en casa. Yo prohbo que mi hija (casarse) ____________________. Me sorprendo que ella (tener) _____________ una nota mala. No necesito ningn amigo que me (insultar) __________________ as. Dudo que los zapatos (costar) _____________ $150. Es verdad que yo (estudiar) ________________ mucho. Es mejor que ellos no (hablar) __________________. Buscamos una criada que (hablar) ___________________ espaol muy bien. More Subjunctive Review: http://users.ipfw.edu/jehle/courses/persuad1.htm studyspanish.com unit 7, #77-84 Past Subjunctive Third person preterite preterite ending + past subjunctive ending (Pedir: pidieron pidie pidieara)
ra ras ra ramos rais ran

Past Subjunctive Review: http://www.trinity.edu/mstroud/grammar/subjp17a.htm Future Tense Whole verb (infinitive) +

s emos is n

Irregulars: same as conditional I will not do my Spanish homework. ______________________________ You (t) will not study. __________________________ We will watch TV. ___________________________ They will listen to music. _______________________ He will be tall. ____________________________ She will not have to sleep. _______________________ They will tell you no. ____________________ More Future Review: Studyspanish.com unit 9, #99 Conditional Tense What someone would do Whole verb (infinitive) +
a as a amos ais an

Irregulars: Haber (habr) Poder (podr) Querer (querr) Saber (sabr) Poner (pondr)

Salir (saldr) Tener (tendr) venir (Vendr)

Decir (dir) Hacer (har)

I would do my homework, but I hate my teacher. ____________________________________________________ You (usted) would do your homework, but you will watch TV. (future) ___________________________________________________ She would buy the shirt if she had money. More Conditional Review: studyspanish.com Unit 9, #104

Respuestas Commands Mira No leas Abra No cantes Bebed No sean

Vamos No vayamos No comis

Commands w/ Pronouns Llmalo Invtela Hblenme Aydalas Dgame Lelo No lo llamen. No la invites No la lea Mndanosla Explcamela Dselo No se los compren

Rompe Ayude Se case Tenga Insulte Cuesten Estudio (not subjunctive) Hablen Hable

Future Yo no har mi tarea de espaol. T no estudiars. Nosotros miraremos la tele. Ellos escucharn a msica. Ella no tendr que dormir. Ellos te dirn no. Conditional Yo hara mi tarea, pero me choca la profesora. Hara su tarea, pero mir la tele. Ella comprara la camisa si ella tiene dinero.

Subjunctive Haga Superen