1) What is a Computer?

Device Electronic Machine Like a tv All

2) Full form of ATM? Asynchronous Transfer Mode Automated Transaction Mode Asynchronous Transfer Module Asynchronous Testing Mode Explanation: Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) is a standard switching technique, designed to unify telecommunication and computer networks. 3) The most advanced form of ROM is? PROM RAM Cache memory EEPROM

4) A byte represents a group of? 20 bits 2 bits 40 bits 8 bits

5) Which is not an input device? Web camera Mouse Printer Keyboard 6) Full form of BMP? Bit Map Photo Bit Map Picture Big Motion Picture Batch Mix Picture Some more Abbreviations: JPG, JPEG: Joint Photographic Experts Group TIFF: Tagged Image File Format (Usually default for scanned images) PNG: Portable Network Graphics (Used mainly for animated images) GIF: Graphic Interchange Format (Used mainly for animated images) 7) 1 KB is? 1024 Bits 1023 Bits 512 MB None

8) The UNIX operating system is written in language? Cobol C Language Binary Fortran

9) C is which level language? HLL MLL LLL DLL Explanation: The C language was known as a High Level Language (HLL) before languages like Java, Perl, Python came in. Some decades ago, the C language, and similar such languages were most often considered "highlevel", as it supported concepts such as expression evaluation, parameterised recursive functions, and data types and structures, while assembly language was considered "low-level". But things have changed over the years. C is often called a middle-level computer language as it combines the elements of high-level languages with the functionalism of assembly language. High Level Language: A high-level programming language is a programming language that is more user-friendly, to some extent platform-independent, and abstract from low-level computer processor operations such as memory accesses. Low Level Language: A low-level programming language is a programming language that is more machine specific, and from computer processor operations such as memory accesses is directly dependent. 12) The result of an arithmatic and logical operations are stored in? Accumulator Instructions register Cache memory Rom

Explanation: Accumulator: In a computer's central processing unit (CPU), an accumulator is a register in which intermediate arithmetic and logic results are stored. Without a register like an accumulator, it would be necessary to write the result of each calculation (addition, multiplication, shift, etc.) to main memory, perhaps only to be read right back again for use in the next operation. Access to main memory is slower than access to a register like the accumulator because the technology used for the large main memory is slower (but cheaper) than that used for a register. Modern CPUs usually have many registers, all or many of which can be used as accumulators. For this reason, the term "accumulator" is somewhat archaic. Use of it as a synonym for "register" is a fairly reliable indication that the user has been around for quite a while and/or that the architecture under discussion is quite old. The term in full is almost never used of microprocessor registers.

Instructions Register: In computing, an instruction register (IR) is the part of a CPU's control unit that stores the instruction currently being executed or decoded. In simple processors each instruction to be executed is loaded into the instruction register which holds it while it is decoded, prepared and ultimately executed, which can take several steps. More complicated processors use a pipeline of instruction registers where each stage of the pipeline does part of the decoding, preparation or execution and then passes it to the next stage for its step. Modern processors can even do some of the steps of out of order as decoding on several instructions is done in parallel. Decoding the opcode in the instruction register includes determining the instruction, determining where its operands are in memory, retrieving the operands from memory, allocating processor resources to execute the command (in superscalar processors), etc. The output of IR is available to control circuits which generate the timing signals that controls the various processing elements involved in executing the instruction.

Cache Memory: A CPU cache is a cache used by the central processing unit of a computer to reduce the average time to access memory. The cache is a smaller, faster memory which stores copies of the data from the most frequently used main memory locations. As long as most memory accesses are cached memory locations, the average latency of memory accesses will be closer to the cache latency than to the latency of main memory.

13) A small amont of memory included in the processor for high speed access is called? Register Cache Ram Rom Explanation: Read in answer above

14) A co-processor is used to? Enhance main memory Track errors in the cpu Improve performance of bussiness application Improve the speed of mathematical calculation Explanation: A coprocessor is a computer processor used to supplement the functions of the primary processor (the CPU). Operations performed by the coprocessor may be floating point arithmetic, graphics, signal processing, string processing, or encryption. By offloading processor-intensive tasks from the main processor, coprocessors can accelerate system performance.

15) The clock frequency of a pentium processor is? Above 50 MHz Above 500 MHz Below 10 MHz 25 MHz

A note: MHz: Mega Hertz GHz: Giga Hertz

The clock frequency or clock rate of the first Intel Pentium Processor introduced in 1993 was named P5 clocked between 60 to 300 MHz. Pentium II (P6 or sixth generation micro-architecture) introduced in 1997 came with a speed ranging between 233 to 450 MHz while the Pentium III introduced in 1999 was between 400 MHz to 1.4 GHz. Pentium 4 which was introduced in 2000 clocked between 1.3 to 3.8 GHz. So in reality the clock frequency has been above 500 Mhz from Pentium 4 onwards.

Therefore I feel that the correct answer should have been Above 50 MHz.

16) The pentium processor contains? Tens of thousands of transistors Hundred thousands of transistors Thousands of transistors Several millions of transistors Explanation: The first Pentium processor from Intel Corporation introduced in 1993 consisted of 3,100,000 (or 3.1 million) transistors. 17) In the initial years RISC technology was expensive since? RISC microprocessor consume more power It needed expensive packaging It needed a larger chip It needed larger memory beside cache memory Explanation: RISC stands for Reduced Instruction Set Computing. RISC microprocessors are used in the ARM (Advanced RISC Machine) architecture dominates the market for low power and low cost embedded systems (typically 1001200 MHz in 2011). It is used in a number of systems such as the Apple iPhone and iPad, RIM devices, etc.

The RISC designs implemented instruction stream and the data stream conceptually separated; this means that modifying the memory where code is held might not have any effect on the instructions executed by the processor (because the CPU has a separate instruction and data cache)

18) Inspite of the extra power needed for refreshing, DRAMs are widely used in computers because Of the lower cost of bus Of it is a lower cost relative to SRAMs Of case of programming Of it is a higher speed relative to SRAMs A Note: As Id explained in class that SRAMs are not easily available now and they are expensive as compared to todays DRAMs. Though SRAMs were seemingly faster than DRAMs, they used a higher number of transistors as compared to DRAMs. The DRAMs hence were lesser expensive. SRAM Static RAM DRAM Dynamic RAM SDRAM Synchronous Dynamic RAM DDR SDRAM Dual Data Rate SDRAM

19) Secondary storage device is needed to? Perform arithmetic and logical operations Store small volume of data Print output result Store large volume of data that exceed the capacity of main memory

20) Which one of the following does not fall under the category of the secondary storage device? SRAM Hard disk Optical disk

Winchester disk

21) Which one of the following medium is universal, portable,and inexpensive but has its own limitations in term of storage capacity and speed? Hard disk Winchester disk Optical disk Floppy disk

22) In case of Winchester disk the head? Contacts the recording surface occasionally Never contacts the disk surface Always contacts the recording surface Contacts only the landing area while not recording A Note: A kind of hard disk drive. The term Winchester comes from an early type of disk drive developed by IBM that had 30MB of fixed storage and 30MB of removable storage; so its inventors called it a Winchester in honor of its 30/30 rifle. Although modern disk drives are faster and hold more data, the basic technology is the same, so Winchester has become synonymous with hard. 23) Out of the following types of floppy disk, which one has a metal hub? 5.25 inch 3.5 inch 6.25 inch None Contradiction: The 3.25 inch is the only one having a metal hub whereas the 8 and 51/4 floppy disks have holes in the center. There is no such floppy disk as 6.25 so the right option is 3.25.

24) In which one of the following types of disk, the read-write head physically contacts the surface of disk while recording? Optical disc Floppy disk Hard disk CD Rom Explanation: Optical discs are CDs, DVDs, Blu-Ray Discs. The read/write head of any of the CD/DVD/Blu-Ray Disc ROM drive uses a laser for the operation.

Just a small change regarding CD-ROMs CD ROM means Compact Disc Read Only Memory (You can't write to these discs, and the ones you buy in shops like games and music CD's are pressed and not burned). They are discs which have pre-loaded content.

[CD-R is the blank CD available for writing/burning so that you can create your own content. If multisession mode is not selected during a burn/write session than the CD-R becomes equivalent to a CDROM. But whatever is written once on a CD-R cant be erased unlike a CD-RW.]

Hard disk, would be either external or internal hard disks. The read/write head doesnt touch the surface in the hard disk.

25) A standard magnetic tape reel accommodates? 800 feet of memory tape 400 feet of memory tape 1000 feet of memory tape 2400 feet of memory tape

26) For a storage requirement exceeding one Giga byte, which one of the following system costs the least per mega byte? Optical disc Floptical Floppy disk Hard disk A Note: I did a bit of comparison study and this is what I found. Optical Disc: When we talk about optical discs, it includes CDs, DVDs as well as Blu-Ray Discs and other such discs which are read using a laser. Floptical refers to a type of disk drive that combines magnetic and optical technologies to store large amounts of data. Floppy Disk: Could hold small amounts of data. Hard Disk: Is used to hold huge amounts of data. Price Comparison Prices are indicative, not perfect. CD-R holds 700 MB, cost is around Rs. 10 If we divide the cost with the capacity well get the cost per MB 10/702 = Rs. 0.014/MB DVD-R Capacity = 4.7GB Cost = Rs 20 20/4.7GB First, we need to convert the GB to MB. 1GB = 1024MB Hence, 4.7GB is (4.7 X 1024)MB = 4812.4MB Hence, 20/4812.4 = Rs. 0.0041/MB Blu-Ray Capacity= 25GB Cost = Rs. 235 25 X 1024MB = 25600MB 235/25600MB = Rs. 0.0091/MB

Floppy Capacity = 1.44MB Cost = Rs 25 25/1.44MB = Rs. 17.36/MB Hard Disk Capacity= 1TB (Tera Byte or 1024GB)

Cost = Rs 6000

6000/1TB = 6000/1024GB = 6000/(1024 X 1024)MB = 6000/1048576MB = Rs. 0.0057/MB

So comparing the costs the DVD seems to be the cheapest. The problem seems to be wrongly framed. Reasons: 1. DVD should have been specified as an option. 2. The prices are different everywhere. How can one be sure of the cost at any one place as there is no standardized rate anywhere in India. Therefore I feel the problem doesnt hold a proper answer.

27) Which one of the following is note an input device? Joystick Mouse Keyboard Printer 28) The input device that is closely related to touch screen is the? Light pen Keyboard Joystick Mouse

29) The input device that is most likely to be used to play computer is the? Joystick Keyboard Mouse Touch screen 30) Which one of the following printer genrates characters from a grid of pins? Inkjet Laser Daisy wheel Dot matrix 31) The life of a key switch in a modern keyboard is? Ten million cycles One million cycles Hundred million cycles None 32) Which one of the following key does not have tactile feedback? Rubber dome Mechanical Capacitive None Explanation: Capacitive In the cell phone industry there are two major categories of touchscreen displays: capacitive touchscreens and resistive touchscreens. Capacitive touchscreen displays rely on the electrical properties of the human body to detect when and where on a display the user touching. Because of this, capacitive displays can be controlled with very light touches of a finger and generally cannot be used

with a mechanical stylus or a gloved hand. Examples of devices with capacitive touchscreens are the Apple iPhone and the T-Mobile G1.

Tactile Feedback: Haptic technology, or haptics, is a tactile feedback technology which takes advantage of the sense of touch by applying forces, vibrations, or motions to the user. Tactile feedback mechanisms respond to touch, simulating a sensation of tapping. The response is accomplished through the use of subtle and textured vibrations. Tactile feedback, however, does not interfere with the operation of the actual device. How It Works An actuator, a small motorlike device, causes the vibration in equipment with tactile feedback. Software known as the haptic player actually controls how intense the actuator vibrates and when it vibrates. Implementations Many touch-screen cell phones provide tactile feedback so users know when they press something on the screen. Tactile feedback also helps when typing as most people are accustomed to a response when pressing keys. Some game controllers also use tactile feedback to enhance a players' interaction with the video game. Handset manufacturers like LG and Motorola are including different types of haptic technologies in their devices; in most cases, this takes the form of vibration response to touch. Rubber Dome: is the membrane used under some keyboards to detect which key has been pressed. It operates under the tactile feedback. Mechanical: also comes under tactile feedback. Older touch screen devices which would respond to any sort of touch, whether hand or stylus come under this category.

33) The typical aspect ratio of the CRT is? 0.99 0.5 0.8 0.2

34) Which one of the following adapters does not support All Points Addressable Display? MGA EGA CGA VGA Explanation: MGA: Mono-Graphics Adapter EGA: Enhanced Graphics Adapter CGA: Colour Graphics Adapter VGA: Video Graphics Array (VGA is referred to as an "array" instead of an "adapter" because it was implemented from the start as a single chip). 35) The resolution offered by SVGA is? 1024 x 768 Pixels 720 x 348 Pixels 1280 x 1024 Pixels 640 x 350 Pixels Contradiction: SVGA (Super VGA or Ultra Video Graphics Array or Ultra VGA or just SVGA or UVGA) offers a resolution of 800 X 600 (Width X Height, units in pixels. Pixels mean Picture Elements). The resolution of 1280 X 1024 is offered by SXGA (Super Extended Graphics Array). 36) Which one of the software needs a compiler for its execution? Dbase IV Oracle Lotus Fortran Explanation: Fortran is a programming language that requires a compiler.

37) Which one of the following is not considered to be a system software? Assembler Interpreter Compiler A COBOL program in source code 38) Which one of the following statements indicates the optimal usage of interpreter and compiler? Use the interpreter for both program development and execution Use the interpreter for program development and the compiler execution Both None Explanation:

39) Which one of the following tasks is not performed by a file utility program? Copying of a file Sorting of a file File deletion Linking the program library with main program Explanation: File utility programs include copying, cutting, sorting, deleting, renaming, pasting, etc. Linking the program library with main program is not a task of a file utility program. 40) Which one of the following does not generate a hardware interrupt? Printer Hard disk Floppy disk Program error Explanation: A program error is to do with an application. 41) The first UNIX operating system, as it was in the development stage was written in the Assembly language C Language B Language None 42) WINDOWS settings are recorded in? WINDOWS.INI CONTROL.INI SYSTEM.INI None

Explanation: The INI file format is an informal standard for configuration files for some platforms or software. INI files are simple text files with a basic structure composed of "sections" and "properties". They are a deprecated standard on the Windows operating system. The use of the "INI file" has been changed in Windows in favor of the registry, WIN.INI or WINDOWS.INI is a basic INI file that was used in versions of the Microsoft Windows operating environment up to Windows 3.11 (before Windows 95 and onwards) to store basic settings at boot time. By default, all font, communications drivers, wallpaper, screen saver, and language settings were stored in WIN.INI by Windows 3.x. Many of these settings were honored in Windows 9x (Windows 95 onwards), although the files had begun to be phased out in favor of the Windows registry (The Windows Registry is a hierarchical database that stores configuration settings and options on Microsoft Windows operating systems). Windows XP still acknowledges some entries in the WIN.INI file, to provide backwards compatibility with older 16-bit applications. However, when a fresh install of XP is performed, the WIN.INI file created is initially blank, and in Windows Vista and Windows 7 the WIN.INI file was removed entirely. CONTROL.INI is a file associated with the Microsoft Windows 95, 98, ME, 2000, and XP Control Panel. This file is used to customize and change how the Control Panel operates and what is seen in the Control Panel. Earlier versions of Microsoft Windows (Windows 95, 98, and ME) also used this file as a configuration file for how windows displays icons and other visual settings, screen saver settings, passwords, and other OS settings. New versions of Windows such as Windows 2000 and Windows XP still create this file for backwards compatibility however apart from hiding Control Panel icons this file is no longer used. Depending on your version of Windows the control.ini file will be located in either the c:\windows or c:\winnt directory and may or may not have any data within it. SYSTEM.INI was an initialization (INI file) used in early versions of Microsoft Windows (from 1.01 up to Millenium Edition [ME]) to load device drivers and the default Windows shell (Program Manager or Windows Explorer), among other system settings. Many of these settings were honored in Windows 9x (95, 98 and ME), although the INI files had begun to be phased out in favor of the Windows Registry. Windows NT 4.0, 2000, XP and Server 2003 still acknowledge some SYSTEM.INI entries in order to provide backwards compatibility with older 16-bit applications.

43) All system settings in WINDOWS are stored in? MAIN.INI CONTROL.INI SYSTEM.INI SETTING.INI Explanation: For CONTROL.INI & SYSTEM.INI refer above question. MAIN.INI is a worm. SETTING.INI is a file used to handle system settings in Windows. 44) WINDOWS can work in which of the following modes? Expanded Extended Enhanced and Standard Compressed Explanation: Windows 3.0 includes a Protected/Enhanced mode which allows Windows applications to use more memory in a more painless manner than their DOS counterparts could. It can run in any of Real, Standard, or 386 Enhanced modes, and is compatible with any Intel processor from the 8086/8088 up to 80286 and 80386. 45) The CAD stands for? Computer Aided Drawing Computer Aided Design Commonly Available Data Computer And Data Explanation: Computer-aided design (CAD), also known as computer-aided design and drafting (CADD), is the use of computer systems to assist in the creation, modification, analysis, or optimization of a design. Computer-aided drafting describes the process of creating a technical drawing with the use of computer software.

46) Bug means? A logical error in program Syntax error Run time error None Explanation: A software bug is the common term used to describe an error, flaw, mistake, failure, or fault in a computer program or system. 47) Indicate which one of the following is not true about 4GL? 4GLs do not support a high level screen packages interaction A 4GL is a software tool which is written, possibly, in some third generation language Many data base management system packages support 4GLs None Explanation: 4GL stands for Fourth-generation programming language. 4GLs can be used for business application development usually consisting in a package allowing for both business data manipulation and reporting, therefore they come with GUI screens and report editors. 48) A language translator is best described as? A hardware component A system software An application software None 49) Indicate which one of the following best describes the term Software? Application programs System programs Both None

50) Those errors that can be pointed out by the compiler are? Syntax errors Logical errors Semantic errors None Explanation: A Syntax error refers to an error in the syntax of a sequence of characters or tokens that is intended to be written in a particular programming language. Compilers are used to point out syntactic errors in a code. In computer programming, a logic error is a bug in a program that causes it to operate incorrectly, but not to terminate abnormally (or crash). Semantic Error is a logical error, which occurs due to wrong logical statements. 51) Monitor of a computer is a? Output device Input device I/O device ALL 52) A program that converts a HLL language program to a set of instructions that can run on a computer is called a? Compiler Editor Debugger None of above Explanation: A compiler is a computer program (or set of programs) that transforms source code written in a programming language (the source language) into another computer language (the target language, often having a binary form known as object code).

Text editors are often provided with operating systems or software development packages, and can be used to change configuration files and programming language source code. A debugger or debugging tool is a computer program that is used to test and debug other programs (the "target" program) 53) The function of a kernel in an operating system is to? Interpret the JCL commands Interact with the hardware device Interact with the user None of above 54) Which one of the following allows user to continue to operate computer while printing is in progress? Spooler Job Control Program OS Supervisor None of above 55) A computer cannot boot if it does not have a? Loader Compiler OS Assembler 56) Connecting different computers in an organised manner within an office building can be termed as? MAN WAN ANN LAN

Explanation: MAN: Metropolitan Area Network WAN: Wide Area Network ANN: ?? No definition. LAN: Local Area Network. 57) WAN stands for? Windows At Network Words About Network Works Against Network Wide Area Network Extra Info: LAN - Local Area Network WLAN - Wireless Local Area Network WAN - Wide Area Network MAN - Metropolitan Area Network SAN - Storage Area Network, System Area Network, Server Area Network, or sometimes Small Area Network CAN - Campus Area Network, Controller Area Network, or sometimes Cluster Area Network PAN - Personal Area Network DAN - Desk Area Network 58) Operating system is? A collection of I/O device A collection of H/W Components A Collection of software routines None of above

59) A characteristic of an online real-time system is Offline batch processing Not delay in processing More than one CPU None of above Explanation: An online real time system (or Real Time Operating System [RTOS]) is an OS wherein a given task should be completed within the given time frame. Examples are online bank transactions, online travel reservation systems, a Space shuttle launching system, etc. Some examples of RTOSs are LynxOS, OSE, QNX, RTLinux, VxWorks, Windows CE. 60) The technique, which stores a program on a disk and then transfers the program into main memory, as and when they are needed, is known as Thrashing Swapping Spooling None of above 61) Batch processing means? A batch of computer programs Processing data in periodic intervals of time Entering a batch of records None of above 62) A database is? A vast amount of data stored in a group of integral files A set of condensed data highlighting specific information Arrangement of data in a particular order Basic data for processing an application

63) The name given to a sequence of instructions in a computer language, to get the desired result is? A program A decision table A pseudo-code An algorithm 64) The language understood by a computer without translation is called? Assembly language High Level Language Command Language Machine Language 65) One Kbits is? 512 bits 1024 bits 1000 bits None of above 66) A bootstrap is? Hardware of computer used to check memory A program to start up a computer Memory device An Assembler 67) The process of accessing information from a CD ROM is called Sequential Random Semi Random None of above

68) Cache memory is implemented using? Dynamic RAM EAROM Static RAM EPROM EAROM: Electrically alterable read-only memory EPROM: Erasable programmable read only memory

69) One of the following is not related to multimedia? FoxPro Animatorpro Director Authorware Explanation: FoxPro is a text-based procedurally oriented programming language and DBMS, originally published by Fox Software and later by Microsoft, for MS-DOS, MS Windows, Apple Macintosh, and UNIX. 70) Which one of the following transmits digital information to the computer? Graphics tablet Mouse Joystick None of above 71) Which one of the following attributes is important for presenting text in a multimedia document? Colour Character Format Font All

72) A scanner is specified by Vertical and Horizontal Resolution Dots per inch it can scan Length of paper it can scan Rate of scanning

73) The access method used for cassette tape is? Direct Random Sequential All of the above 74) The arranging of data in a logical sequence is called? Sorting classifying reproducing summarizing 75) Who is the creator of the PASCAL language? Niklaus Writh Dijkstra Donald Knuth Basic Pascal A note: Dijkstra's algorithm, conceived by Dutch computer scientist Edsger Dijkstra in 1956 and published in 1959, is a graph search algorithm that solves the single-source shortest path problem. Donald Knuth has been called the "father" of the analysis of algorithms. Basic Pascal: Every Pascal program must follow a basic structure.

76) When was punched-card equipment used for the first time to process the British census? 1910 1907 1911 1914 77) The system unit of a personal computer typically contains all of the following except? microprocessor disk controller serial interface modem Explanation: A modem is usually external. 78) Which of the following are the two main components of the CPU? control unit and registers registers and main memory control unit and ALU ALU and bus 79) Which type device is a piece of equipment that receives information from a CPU? Input Output CPU Memory 80) A computer system consisting of its processor, memory and I/O devices accepts data, processes it and produces the output results. Can you tell in which component is the raw data fed? Mass Memory Main memory

Logic unit Arithmetic unit 81) A memory bus is mainly used for communication between processor and memory processor and I/O devices I/O devices and memory input device and output device 82) The main purpose of time sharing techniques used in computers is to make the best use of the CPU peripherals secondary storage floppy disks 83) A temporary storage area, attached to the CPU, for I/O operations is a chip buffer register core 84) The person contributing the idea of the stored program was? John von Neumann Charles Babbage Howard Aiken Basic Pascal Explanation: Charles Babbage: concept of a programmable computer. Howard Aiken: original conceptual designer behind IBM's Harvard Mark I computer.

85) Which of the following is NOT one of the four major data processing functions of a computer? gathering data processing data into information analyzing the data or information storing the data or information 86) A small or intelligent device is so called because it contains within it a? Computer Microcomputer Programmable Sensor 87) A computer program that translates one program instructions at a time into machine language is called a/an? Interpreter CPU Compiler Simulator 88) A computer program that converts an entire program into machine language is called a/an? Interpreter Simulator Compiler Commander 89) What is meant by a dedicated computer? Which is used by one person only Which is assigned one and only one task Which uses one kind of software

Which is meant for application software 90) In most IBM PCs, the CPU, the device drives, memory expansion slots and active components are mounted on a single board. What is the name of this board? Motherboard Breadboard Daughter board Grandmother board 91) Personal computers use a number of chips mounted on a main circuit board. What is the common name for such boards? Daughter board Motherboard Father board Breadboard 92) IBM launched its first personal computer called IBM-PC in 1981. It had chips from Intel, disk drives from Tandon, operating system from Microsoft, the printer from Epson and the application software from everywhere. Can you name the country which contributed the video display? India China Germany Taiwan 93) What is the name of the display feature that highlights are of the screen which requires operator attention? Pixel Reverse video Touch screen Cursor