Name: __________________________ Date: _____________ 1.

Professor Thurstone investigates whether a teacher's negative perceptions of some students can affect the students' test scores. Professor Thurstone is most likely a ________ psychologist. A) clinical B) social C) biological D) personality 2. In an experimental study of the extent to which mental alertness is inhibited by sleep deprivation, alertness would be the A) control condition. B) independent variable. C) experimental condition. D) dependent variable. 3. For which of the following distributions of scores would the median most clearly be a more appropriate measure of central tendency than the mean? A) 9, 8, 9, 8, 7 B) 10, 22, 8, 9, 6 C) 12, 6, 8, 5, 4 D) 12, 15, 12, 9, 12 E) 23, 7, 3, 27, 16 4. Epinephrine and norepinephrine are ________ that are released by the ________ gland. A) neurotransmitters; pituitary B) hormones; pituitary C) neurotransmitters; thyroid D) hormones; adrenal 5. In drug-treatment studies, double-blind procedures minimize outcome differences between experimental and control conditions that could be attributed to A) replication. B) operational definitions. C) random sampling. D) placebo effects.

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6. In one study, both hypnotized and unhypnotized subjects were told to throw acid in a researcher's face. In this experiment, hypnotized people A) usually refused to engage in antisocial behavior. B) behaved in the same fashion as unhypnotized individuals. C) were easily influenced to act against their own will. D) experienced much more anxiety than unhypnotized individuals. E) often immediately awakened from the hypnotic state. 7. Depressed mood states are linked to ________ levels of serotonin and ________ levels of norepinephrine. A) low; low B) high; high C) low; high D) high; low 8. Brain scans indicate that well-practiced pianists have a larger-than-usual auditory cortex area that encodes piano sounds. This best illustrates A) hemispherectomy. B) tomography. C) neural prosthetics. D) plasticity. 9. The parietal lobes are to ________ as the occipital lobes are to ________. A) hearing; speaking B) sensing touch; seeing C) sensing pleasure; sensing pain D) tasting; smelling E) speaking; seeing 10. Nicotine triggers a(n) ________ in anxiety and a(n) ________ in mental alertness. A) increase; decrease B) increase; increase C) decrease; decrease D) decrease; increase 11. Who wrote the early textbook Principles of Psychology? A) Wilhelm Wundt B) Ivan Pavlov C) Jean Piaget D) William James

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12. If chromosomes are the chapters of heredity, the words are the A) genes. B) molecules. C) genomes. D) DNA. 13. Dr. Ernst explains behavior in terms of different situations. Dr. Ernst is working from the ________ perspective. A) behavioral B) evolutionary C) social-cultural D) cognitive 14. Which lobe of the cerebral cortex is most directly involved in speaking? A) occipital B) frontal C) temporal D) parietal 15. Hypnotic responsiveness is A) the same in all people. B) generally greater in women than men. C) generally greater in men than women. D) greater when people are led to expect it. 16. Which of the following is NOT a basic research technique used by psychologists? A) description B) replication C) experimentation D) correlation 17. Which of the following is typically controlled by the left hemisphere? A) spatial reasoning B) word recognition C) the left side of the body D) perceptual skills

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18. In defining psychology, the text notes that psychology is most accurately described as a A) way of asking and answering questions. B) field engaged in solving applied problems. C) set of findings related to behavior and mental processes. D) nonscientific approach to the study of mental disorders. 19. Depending on environmental conditions, specific genes can be either A) norms or schemas. B) active or inactive. C) identical or fraternal. D) X chromosomes or Y chromosomes. E) sperm or eggs. 20. (Close-Up) Your roommate announces that her schedule permits her to devote three hours to studying for an upcoming quiz. You advise her to A) spend most of her time reading and rereading the text material. B) focus primarily on her lecture notes. C) space study time over several short sessions. D) cram for three hours just before the quiz. 21. When a difference between two groups is statistically significant, this means that A) the difference is statistically real but of little practical significance. B) the difference is probably the result of sampling variation. C) the difference is not likely to be due to chance variation. D) all of these statements are true. 22. Professor Carter observes and records the behavior of grocery shoppers as they select items to purchase. Which type of research is Professor Carter using? A) survey research B) case study C) experimentation D) naturalistic observation 23. My sibling and I developed from a single fertilized egg. Who are we? A) opposite-sex identical twins B) same-sex identical twins C) opposite-sex fraternal twins D) same-sex fraternal twins

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24. Inherited traits are to learned habits as the ________ perspective is to the ________ perspective. A) behavioral; social-cultural B) evolutionary; behavioral C) social-cultural; neuroscience D) neuroscience; evolutionary 25. Just prior to awakening Chinua from a hypnotic state, the therapist told him that during the next few days he would feel nauseous whenever he reached for a cigarette. Chinua's therapist was attempting to make use of A) age regression. B) posthypnotic suggestion. C) hypnagogic sensations. D) REM rebound. E) a hidden observer. 26. Following a nail gun wound to his head, Jack became more uninhibited, irritable, dishonest, and profane. It is likely that his personality change was the result of injury to his A) parietal lobe. B) temporal lobe. C) occipital lobe. D) frontal lobe. 27. A lopsided set of scores that includes a number of extreme or unusual values is said to be A) symmetrical. B) normal. C) skewed. D) dispersed. 28. The distinction between manifest content and latent content is central to ________ theory of dreams. A) the activation-synthesis B) the memory consolidation C) Freud's wish-fulfillment D) Hilgard's dissociation

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29. Which theory suggests that dreams are mental responses to random bursts of neural stimulation? A) dissociation theory B) social influence theory C) activation-synthesis theory D) Freud's dream theory E) divided consciousness theory 30. Which of the following sleep disorders is most strongly associated with obesity? A) narcolepsy B) insomnia C) night terrors D) sleep apnea 31. Stimulated digestion is to inhibited digestion as the ________ nervous system is to the ________ nervous system. A) somatic; autonomic B) autonomic; somatic C) central; peripheral D) sympathetic; parasympathetic E) parasympathetic; sympathetic 32. Compared with the structuralists, early behaviorists were much less likely to focus on the study of A) smiling. B) screaming. C) fighting. D) thinking. 33. One theory suggests that the brain activity associated with ________ is helpful for developing and preserving neural pathways in the brain. A) night terrors B) near-death experiences C) sleep apnea D) dreaming E) Stage 4 sleep

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34. At the age of 22, Mrs. LaBlanc was less than 4 feet tall. Her short stature was probably influenced by the lack of a growth hormone produced by the A) pancreas. B) thyroid. C) adrenal gland. D) pituitary gland. E) thalamus. 35. Since Malcolm has been taking a drug prescribed by his doctor, he no longer enjoys the little pleasures of life, such as eating and drinking. His doctor explains that this is because the drug A) triggers release of dopamine. B) inhibits release of dopamine. C) triggers release of ACh. D) inhibits release of ACh. 36. A segment of DNA capable of synthesizing a specific protein is called a A) gene. B) gender schema. C) chromosome. D) hormone. E) neurotransmitter. 37. Which seventeenth-century philosopher believed that some ideas are innate? A) Aristotle B) Plato C) Descartes D) Locke 38. As Inge recalled her dream, she was dancing with a tall, dark gentleman when suddenly the music shifted to loud rock and the man disappeared. According to Freud, Inge's account represents the ________ content of her dream. A) paradoxical B) manifest C) latent D) hypnagogic E) hallucinatory

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39. The ________ is a measure of ________. A) standard deviation; central tendency B) mean; variation C) median; central tendency D) mode; variation 40. Professor Woo noticed that the distribution of students' scores on her last biology test had an extremely small standard deviation. This indicates that the A) test was given to a very small class of students. B) students' scores tended to be very similar to one another. C) mean test score was lower than the median score. D) students generally performed very well on the test. E) test was a poor measure of the students' knowledge. 41. Which perspective would be most helpful for understanding the role of spaced practice on long-term memory of information? A) psychodynamic B) social-cultural C) cognitive D) behavior genetics 42. (Close-Up) In order, the sequence of steps in the SQ3R method is A) survey, review, question, read, reflect. B) review, question, survey, read, reflect. C) question, review, survey, read, reflect. D) survey, question, read, review, reflect. 43. Seven members of a girls' club reported the following individual earnings from their sale of raffle tickets: $5, $9, $4, $11, $6, $4, and $3. In this distribution of individual earnings, the A) median is greater than the mean and greater than the mode. B) median is less than the mean and less than the mode. C) median is equal to the mean and equal to the mode. D) median is greater than the mean and less than the mode. E) median is less than the mean and greater than the mode.

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44. The medulla is to the control of ________ as the cerebellum is to the control of ________. A) eating; sleeping B) breathing; walking C) emotion; motivation D) memory; attention E) hearing; seeing 45. Those who consider hypnosis a social phenomenon contend that A) hypnosis is an altered state of consciousness. B) hypnotic phenomena are unique to hypnosis. C) hypnotized subjects become unresponsive when they are no longer motivated to act as instructed. D) all of these statements are true. 46. Psychologists' personal values A) have little influence on how their experiments are conducted. B) do not influence the interpretation of experimental results because of the use of statistical techniques that guard against subjective bias. C) can bias both scientific observation and interpretation of data. D) have little influence on investigative methods but a significant effect on interpretation. 47. One person in a 10-person group is 10 times older than anyone else in the group. With respect to age, it is MOST likely that the majority of group members are younger than the group's A) mode. B) median. C) mean. D) standard deviation. 48. The scientific study of people's behavioral responses to different situations was of special interest to A) Edward Titchener. B) William James. C) Sigmund Freud. D) B. F. Skinner.

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49. If psychologists discovered that more intelligent parents have smarter children than less intelligent parents, this would demonstrate that A) intelligence is inherited. B) more intelligent parents provide their children with greater educational opportunities than do less intelligent parents. C) the intelligence of parents and children is positively correlated. D) experiments based on this relationship would indicate causation. E) intelligence of children and parents are negatively correlated.

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Answer Key
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. B D B D D B A D B D D A C B D B B A B C C D B B B D C C C D E D D D B A C B C B C D E B

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45. 46. 47. 48. 49.

C C C D C

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