FIELDWORK REPORT ON PROBLEMS FACED BY INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS (IDPS)

(A Case Study of Jalala Camp, District Mardan)

Supervised by:

DR. JOHAR ALI

Associate Professor

Submitted by:

SANA UR REHMAN
M.A. Sociology (Final)

DEPARTMENT OF SOCIOLOGY AND SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF PESHAWAR

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

First of all, I would like to thank ALLAH the most merciful and mighty, who love me 70 times more than my own mother and who gave this life so that I can learn and spread a message of love and peace I the world. It is Allahs blessings that have made me able to complete this report. I am thankful to my Supervisor Department in the Dr. of Johar Ali,

Associate and

Professor, to me

Sociology, of this

University of Peshawar, who remained source of help guidance completion report. I am also grateful Department to of Prof. of Dr. Rashid and for Khan, Social the

Chairman,

Sociology

Anthropology,

University

Peshawar,

encouragement and kind behaviour. The completion of this report was not possible

without the help of my beloved family members. I am highly thankful to my family members, who helped me in the time of depression and crises; it would not be possible without their prayers and support because they are always a source of courage for me.

Last but not the least, I am very thankful to Mr. Syed Sajid (Doctor), Senior Staff, Words Masters, University of Peshawar for composing this report.

SANA UR REHMAN

CONTENTS
Acknowledgements .........................................................................................i Contents ......................................................................................................... ii CHAPTER-1 ................................................................................................. 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................ 1 1.1 Definitions............................................................................................ 1 1.2 Introduction: ......................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER-2 ................................................................................................. 3 LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................ 3 2.1 Problems Faced By Idps Before Joining Camps ................................. 3 2.2 Bird-View Of Jalala Camp .................................................................. 4 2.3 Problems Inside The Camps ................................................................ 4 2.4 The Role Of Teachers .......................................................................... 5 CHAPTER-3 ................................................................................................. 6 FIELD WORK DESIGN ............................................................................. 6 3.1 Title Of The Study ............................................................................... 6 3.2 Purpose Of The Study .......................................................................... 6 3.3 Universe Of The Study ........................................................................ 6 3.4 Scope .................................................................................................... 6 3.5 Objectives ............................................................................................ 7 3.6 Methodology ........................................................................................ 7 3.6.1 Sampling: .................................................................................. 7 3.6.2 Tool: .......................................................................................... 7 3.7 Plan For Data Collection...................................................................... 7 ii

3.8 Duration Of The Study......................................................................... 7 CHAPTER-4 ................................................................................................. 8 CASE HISTORIES....................................................................................... 8 Case History No. 1.......................................................................................... 8 Case History No. 2.......................................................................................... 9 Case History No. 3........................................................................................ 10 Case History No. 4........................................................................................ 11 Case History No. 5........................................................................................ 12 CHAPTER-5 ............................................................................................... 13 FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS .............................. 13 5.1 Findings: ............................................................................................ 13 5.1.1 Health And Sanitation ............................................................. 13 5.1.2 Food Availability .................................................................... 13 5.1.3 Local Communitys Behaviour ............................................... 13 5.2 Conclusion: ........................................................................................ 14 5.3 Suggestions: ....................................................................................... 14

iii

CHAPTER-1

INTRODUCTION
1.1 DEFINITIONS

Some definitions of Internally Displaced Persons are given as under: Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) are people forced to flee their homes but who ,unlike refugees ,remain within their country boarders. Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) are people who have fled their homes and villages because of persecution, civil strife, food insecurity or other emergency but remain within their country of origin. People who have fled their homes either due to conflict, fear of conflict, or human rights violation but remain within their own country boarders. IDPs are persons or groups of persons who have been forced or obliged to flee or leave their homes of habitual residence.

1.2

INTRODUCTION:

The displacement of people within their own countries owing to war or natural disaster is a matter of great concern worldwide, especially among those involved in humanitarian works. This concern is amply justified: time and again, Internally Displaced Persons suffers extreme hardships that 1

jeopardize their very survival. A horde of danger threaten IDPs ,whether during their flight, while they are displaced, or even upon their return home or their settlement elsewhere. The death toll among IDPs- especially among children, the elderly and pregnant women-frequently reaches alarming proportions, and the difficulties experienced by those left behind and by host communities further compound the problem. This study aims to find out the difficulties experienced by IDPs in adjustment at Jalala camp near Takht Bai. In the present scenario of national circumstances there is economics destabilization. The host people are also faced with different crises. There is also shortage of school in public sectors, which are not sufficient to accommodate the host children: how it will place more children, which s the major area of concern to be obliged. Although there is impact of displacement on the family structures of the IDPs, split in their families appears and various life casualties occurs due to arm conflict, which makes them grieved. Consequently there is need of supportive and friendly environment to the IDPs from local people as well as from state regarding social services delivery, which should be beneficiary for the IDPs and for their adjustment in totally alien surroundings.

CHAPTER-2

LITERATURE REVIEW
Internally Displaced Persons are persons are groups of persons who have been forced or obliged to flee or leave their homes or places of habitual residence, in particular as a result of or in order to avoid the effects of arm conflicts, situation of generalized violence, violations of human rights or natural or human made disasters, and who have not crossed an internally state boarder.

2.1

PROBLEMS FACED BY IDPs BEFORE JOINING CAMPS

A large number of people, some of which have brought their live stock with them, are living outside camps, mostly in the open sky under the shadow of trees along the streams and canals, which irrigate the fields of Mardan. Feeling the troubled areas is not that easy Taliban are mining villages and towns, said Ahmad Khan, a resident of Swat. The IDPs have also been complaining about the lack of coordination between the government and army. Transport is hard to find in the conflict hit areas, even if it is available at some points, it is expensive and is said to be costing ten times more than normal fares.

A woman from Dir said that she had to traced on foot along with her thee daughters and two sons for more than 13 miles to reach a place where she could find transport. The IDPs have demanded that the army should relax curfew for longer hours to enable the civilians to flee the area and the provincial government should send trucks to pick IDPs free of cost. Eyewitness said that the army relaxed curfew for a couple of hours in a number of areas during which people had very little time to reach safer points. On many occasions, they said, civilians were still walking in the danger zones where curfew was re imposed, leaving them in the middle of crossfire.

2.2

BIRD-VIEW OF JALALA CAMP

Jalala Camp is situated a few miles away from Takht Bhai, near Maday Baba graveyard. The camp is categorized into seven blocks namely A, B, C, D, E, F, G. Each block has the capacity of 80 tents. About 560 tents are there in Jalala Camp.

2.3

PROBLEMS INSIDE THE CAMPS

The camp is facilitated a lot, but it lacks certain facilities. There is no security in the Camp according to the president of Malgari Ustazan. If an officer visits the camp, he has a security guard but our tents are unsecured. The role of government is very passive. The health facilities are provided 4

but not by the government .The Ummah Welfare Trust, Al Khidmat Foundation and Malgari Ustazan have provided these facilities. The role of government is very passive in this regard. According to these Trusts presidents, we have enough food but shortage of utensils. The IDPs often use Pepsi or dew bottles for drinking water. Electricity is available, but, not in all the tents.

2.4

THE ROLE OF TEACHERS

The teachers have played and yet playing a significant role while minimizing the problems of the displaced people. The role of MALGARI USTAZAN is worth mentioning. They have vacated 44 schools for the affectees and they are performing their duties honestly. Even the peons of the school are sharing their things with the affectees. They are providing these facilities on self help base, because, according to them the government is silent in this regard. They considers these people as their fathers, mothers, brothers, sisters and sons. So we are proud of them.

CHAPTER-3

FIELD WORK DESIGN

3.1 TITLE OF THE STUDY
Problems Faced by Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs).

3.2

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

The main purpose of the study is to find out the problems faced by

recently Displaced Persons. The main purpose is to know their problems inside or outside the camps.

3.3

UNIVERSE OF THE STUDY

Universe of the study is Jalala Camp near Takht Bai,This Camp

includes more than 560 tents so its study is very important.

3.4

SCOPE
As we know that IDPs is a burning issue and should be given proper

attention. These people are passing these days through a tough time and should be given due importance.

3.5

OBJECTIVES
The following are the objectives:

1. 2. 3.

To find out health and sanitation problem. To find out the problems in availability in food. To analyze the behavior of local community towards IDPs.

3.6

METHODOLOGY
This includes the following:

3.6.1 Sampling: Case Study by accidental sampling. 3.6.2 Tool: Interview is used as a tool of data collection.

3.7

PLANS FOR DATA COLLECTION

The data was collected within seven days that is from 10 th May to

16th May. The researcher was having no other partner and was alone in the collection of the data.

3.8

DURATION OF THE STUDY

Duration of the study was six days i.e. from 10th May to 16th May.

CHAPTER-4

CASE HISTORIES
CASE HISTORY NO. 1
Bio-data Name: Age: Residence: Husband: Husband Occupation: Education Level: Family: Norina 23 Dir Alive Labour 5th class Nuclear

According to this respondent, here, we are given full health plus medical facilities. The main problem is of food utensils and blankets. We sleep on the ground with no blankets on it. The behaviour of the people especially of the Trusts and organizations towards us is very good. Suggestions: We want peace on our land and want go home back.

CASE HISTORY NO. 2

Bio-data Name: Age: Residence: Occupation: Education Level: Family: Fazal Rahim 54 Swat Driver SSC Joint

According to the respondent we were fully facilitated. We were given proper treatment and medicines. Food facilities were also available but there were shortage of food utensils. We often use Pepsi or Dew bottles for drinking water. The behaviour of local community especially of the teachers is worth mentioning. Suggestions: We want go home back.

CASE HISTORY NO. 3

Bio-data Name: Age: Residence: Father: Father s occupation: Education Level: Family Type: Nazia 13 Buner Alive Labour Madrssa Nuclear

According to her medical facilities were given to us. Proper treatment was also guaranteed. Electricity was the main problem for us. We use candles for lightening our tents. Food was also good but it did not meet our needs. The behaviour of the local community was quite good towards us. they fed us first and then ate themselves. Suggestions: The only solution of our problem is to stop the military operation in area.

10

CASE HISTORY NO. 4

Bio-data Name: Age: Residence: Father: Zakia 22 Swat Alive

Fathers occupation: Driver Education Level: Family Type: F.A Joint

According to this respondent there were no general health problems. Medicines were available in abundance. Water supply was good but no utensils for drinking purposes. Food facilities were there, but, again the problem of utensils. The local people treated us they treated their own sisters. They gave us due respect. Suggestions: We should be provided with food utensils.

11

CASE HISTORY NO. 5

Bio-data Name: Age: Residence: Father: Fathers Occupation: Education Level: Akbar Hussain 11 Buner Alive Labour Nil

According to the respondent we have been given full water and health facilities, but the health facilities were not door to door. Food was in abundance and the quality of food was also good. The behaviour of the people was very good, The role of government was inactive. Suggestions: we desire to go home back.

12

CHAPTER-5

FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS

5.1 FINDINGS:
After analyzing the data obtained from the respondents, we reached at the following findings. 5.1.1 Health and Sanitation Ten percent of the respondents said that there were no general health facilities. Majority of the respondents claimed that they were given expired medicines, which had a side effect on their health. Some respondents said that they have to take a longer route for receiving doctors and medicines. They meant that they have no door-to-door facilities. 5.1.2 Food Availability Ten percents of the respondents said that they have difficulties in food availability, if food available, then no utensils for food. Majority of the respondents were satisfied from food but they said that electricity and fuel were great problems for them. 5.1.3 Local Communitys Behaviour Eighty percent of the respondents said that the local community and the people have helped us beyond our expectations. They feed us first and

13

then eat themselves. They contributed us a lot. they spared no effort while helping us.

5.2

CONCLUSION:
Keeping in view that all living in the tents have problems. Some of

them faced food problems wile some faced health problems. Most of the respondents desired go home back. It was very hot for them to live in the tents. Finally, I would like to end my talk with a request that the government should either take a bold step towards militants or put an end to this conflict.

5.3

SUGGESTIONS:
All of the respondents preferred their homes. They said that peace

should be guaranteed that we might go homes back. This is hell type life for us.

14