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Impact Assessment of Integrated Water Resource Management project in Datia

Background i) Project No. (ii) Name & Address of partner - WAI/6211/Parhit, - Parhit Samaj Sevi Sanstha, Pitambarapuri, Bundela Colony, Datia (M.P.) (iii) Nomenclature of Project Area (iv) Date of Starting of the Project - 1st Aug. 2008 - Initiative for Safe Drinking Water & Sanitation in Rural

(v) Date of funding from Water Aid - 1st Aug. 2008 (vi) Period of the project 2008-2011

Parhit Samaj Sevi Sanstha is working for the project which aims to create a replicable model to improve civic amenities and continuous supply of safe and sustainable drinking water and sanitation can be insured by empowering communities, local institutions and CBOs on integrated water resources management & better sanitary conditions. To create the models of water harvesting structure both at household and community level. Construction of water conservation structure-Check dam/Stop dam/Lose bolder check/pond desalting and deepening, improving the hygiene behavior of community targeting on women, and children. The effort is to develop additional sources without looking into the sustainability aspects of already created infrastructure. Create awareness on sanitation and generate demand for household toilets within community. All schools should have water and sanitation facilities. In the project interventions mainly focus on the community capacity building as well as to restore and maintain ground water level and promote qualitative and quantitative sustainability of the local sources. IWRM activities would be carried out to impede surface run off, increase rainfall retention time and allow enhance infiltration and percolation of water thus increasing aquifer recharge. The project had mainly focused on RWHS, HHT and water conservation activities under NREGA for increasing the availability of surface and ground water. For the adoption of safe

2 sanitation practices project had focus on behavioral changes the capacity building, awareness creation and demonstration.

Summary of the Project Area and Statistics:

No. Of Familie s
117 40 88 210 99 25 38 153 79 300 246 77 307 221 82 38 175

S.No.

GP Name

Village Name

Populati on
906 295 604 1458 637 168 261 1167 611 2128 1759 573 2445 1360 593 262 663

SC
168 14 0 456 55 134 0 468 56 672 85 231 950 673 75 35 141

ST

OBC
705 281 604 875 582 29 261 442 555 793 0 0 0 0 0 0 149

GEN

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Pathari Sinaval Bargaon Palothar Nauner Mahewa Murera Richari

Richari Jakhoriya Vijaypur Murera Mahewa

Samroli

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 289 202 672 376 290 34 125

33 0 0 127 0 5 0 257 0 663 1385 140 823 311 228 193 248

Saipura Sinaval Sewani Bargaon Palothar Dang Karera Nauner Pathari Kamhar Raipur Sani Rew

Context Methodology

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a. Desk Research 1. Study and analysis of Project profile 2. Analysis of existing data from surveys, reports, case studies 3. Preparation of interview schedule and FGD guide 4. Data Entry and Analysis of Field Research, data triangulation 5. Report Designing and Writing b. Field Research using PRA techniques 1. Project Area Analysis 2. Focus Group Discussions in Community 3. Semi Structured Interviews with Key Informants 4. Transect Walk through project area by research team and community members 5. Case Studies Villages visited and people interacted with: s.no. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Visited Village Vijaypur Samroli Sinawal Sevni Kamhar Hatlai Chak Dang Karera Name and designation of Persons met Kali Charan, Papole, Mahesh, Kalabai(vwsc Member), Kranti Devi (AWW) Ramkumar, Dev Singh (Teacher), Mahesh,Suresh Jagdish (VWSC Member) Ramesh Pujari (sarpanch bargai) Badam Singh, Anil, Bhawani (VWSC Member) Narendra Singh Parmar, Arvind Singh Parmar(VWSC Member Vivek Bhargav, Lokendra Singh, Raju Bhargav (VWSC Member) Chote Raja Parmar, Raju Pal, Satendra Sing, Shyam Pal Singh(VWSC Member) Kamal Kishor Dubey, Ramswaroop Tomar, Jai Singh Parmar (VWSC Member)

Village specific Observations Vijaypur Village has a secured piped water supply with majority houses having household connections and some having public taps. Water recharge structures like check dam is built in the village to ensure water storage as well as recharge. Sanitation coverage is only about 40% Most roofed houses have roof water harvesting structures. In general, public is well aware of water and sanitation issues.

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VWSC is capacitated and it is evident in their book keeping and organising meetings for conflict resolutions.

Recommendations: Sanitation needs to be addressed on a priority basis as this village is planned to enrol itself for Nirmal Gram puraskar. Schools sanitation seems to have taken a back seat as school toilets are still under construction and needs attention. Samroli This village could be a good example of school based water and sanitation campaign. Community is very well informed and especially school children demonstrated best practices in hygiene education and water handling practices. Water recharging structures are aptly selected by the community to make their water security a reality.

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Sinawal It is a Nirmal Gram awarded Panchayat with 100% sanitation coverage and secured water supply system. It has a dynamic Sarpanch who is very articulate in expressing his gratitude to Water Aid for its contribution and support in making his GP a Nirmal Gram. This village stands as an exemplary achievement of the intervention.

Sevni It is one of the progressive villages that contributed towards a safe drinking water supply project. Capacity building in community participation and operation and maintenance can be witnessed. Concepts such as tariff setting and tariff collection in agreement with community is evident in this village. It shall emerge as one of the sustainable project interventions both in-terms of community awareness and infrastructure

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Kamhar This village has interventions such as hand pump rehabilitation, check dams for water recharge as well as roof water harvesting. Through the community participation is high matters operation and maintenance and of conflict resolution need at most attention as some of the interventions seem to fail due to lack of community resolve to keep things going. Sanitation coverage is also a serious concern in this village. Community capacity building towards O&M and sanitation need attention in this village.

Danga Karera Its the nearest village from the district head quarter and with highest preparedness to be a total sanitation village. Community members are active, articulate and aware. Organisations work towards making the community think on water and sanitation issues comes across very evidently. Visible IEC and sustained campaign could make this a model village in all respects.

General Observations across project area:

1) The project aims to address water safety and security of communities in its totality. However, in reality the project is a need based priioritized response to communities in regard to drinking water security and safety. 2) Interventions range from providing piped water-supply, building of check dam for drought proofing to roof water harvesting for water recharge. However, every thing is not done every where, as the needs of the communities are taken in to consideration through participatory planning. 3) Communities are happy and content with the interventions and do realize the importance of them. However, making these interventions in a campaign mode to create larger environment seem a miss. 4) Mainstreaming of the interventions, leveraging and piggy banking on already existing government schemes is very well witnessed in this project area. However, lack of participation by the government departments could be observed. 5)Capacity building of the communities is very evident. However, maintenance plans and conflict resolution are the key araes of serious improvement. 6) 2nd phase towards intense community capacity building for O&M and sustainability is a must.

Achievements against Objectives of the project: Objectives of the project Comments and statement of Grade* accomplishment against the objectives and set indicators Enabled the poor and 4 marginalized communities to realize their rights and gain access to safe water and sanitation facilities Increase in the no of household with access of safe

Achieving sustainability of drinking water sources through integrated water resource management (IWRM in10 GPs of Datia district by the year2011).

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drinking water. Increase in the no of Recharge structure is undertaken Community RWHS, HH RWHS, and Check Dam. Community is spending sustainability less time to access water which is resulting in productive utilization of time. All the ground water source restored and specific measures are taken for Ground water recharge in the project area. Improved level of knowledge among community on IWRM as well as on the safe and adequate drinking water quality. GP and VWSC have plan in place for proper maintenance and management of created infrastructure. Empowering local institution & CBOs for achieving source sustainability as well as in planning implementation & maintenance of created infrastructures. Village level IWRM plans prepared by VWSCs. All the villages have completed water budgeting exercise from which one copy is submitted to the gram Sabha for implementation. Sustainable operation and maintenance of created sources. Percentage of household with toilet facilities. Increase in the number of schools with functional sanitary complex. Open defecation are eliminated at a great extent 3

Improving access of sanitation facilities both at community and individual household level.

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from the project villages. 3 GPs awarded as NGP currently. Legend* 4 The objective was achieved 3 Substantial progresses was made toward achieving the objective 2 Little progress was made toward achieving the objective 1 No progress was made toward achieving the objective 1. Outputs achieved: Water:Year 1 Output Details New Hand Pump Hand pump restoration Hand Pump Repair Pipe Water Supply Scheme Sanitary Protection of Wells Platform reconstruction Check/Stop Dams HH Roof Water Harvesting Community Roof Water Harvesting Number planned 2 12 12 0 Number achieved 6 17 17 Number planned 5 12 40 0 Year 2 Number achieved 7 16 46 0 Number planned 5 10 40 1 Year 3 Number achieved 8 17 94 1

0 0 0

0 1

7 3

10 5

7 6

1 0

2 220 60 61

220

20

20

20

19

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HP Up gradation Gavian New Dug well Check Dam Maintenance Pond Deepening Total 7 0 0 0 0 54 6 2 10 1 1 325 6 2 15 1 1 343 0 0 10 0 5 164 0 0 47 0 7 249

7 0 2 0 0 63

Sanitation: Year 1 Output Details Individual Toilets School Toilets Community Toilets Bio gas Nadep SSB Repair Recharg Pit HH Kitchen Garden HH Soak Pit Community Soak Pit Total Number planned 100 1 0 0 0 0 0 100 30 10 241 Number achieved 192 1 0 0 0 0 0 81 31 10 315 No. planned 100 0 0 0 0 10 10 100 0 0 220 Year 2 No. achieved 101 1 0 0 0 8 13 162 0 0 285 Number planned 100 2 0 10 20 0 20 200 0 0 352 Year 3 No. achieved 25 1 0 5 5 0 1 84 0 0 121

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Hygiene Promotion (Please specify training topic and number of participants): Year 1 Output Details School Programs Trainings Campaigns Competitions Rallies HHS FGDs Total Number planned (participants) 3877 453 10000 3877 1000 500 500 20207 Number achieved 3877 461 12500 3877 1572 715 606 23608 Number planned 4032 368 3000 4500 500 0 772 13172 Year 2 Number achieved 4032 361 5526 4676 310 0 772 15677 Number planned 4107 270 4000 4170 500 715 772 10364 Year 3 Number achieved 4107 261 8539 4170 200 715 772 14594

Details of Trainings Conducted S. No. 1 Training Conducted For (Target Group) VWSC/WATSANCOM Members PRI Members Duration (In Days) 1 Total number of participants 2008200920102009 2010 2011 40 43 42

Issues Covered In The Training Orientation on water & sanitation, financial management & monitoring. Water conservation, sanitation facilities, and policies of Govt, to mobilize the Govt. fund. Promotion of Hygiene activities in schools Hand pumps repairs and maintenance for village youth. Demonstrations drinking water sources, Water quality and water security, water conservation measures. Capacity building, mobilizing for water conservation and sanitation facilities.

35

26

43

3 4 5

School Teachers Hand pump Mechanics Water Quality Monitors Youth/Community Members

1 1 1

37 0 27

0 27 41

0 0 41

46

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7 8 9 10 SHG Members Care Taker mechanic Training Training of village volunteer 2 1 Orientation on water & sanitation, financial management & monitoring. Hand pumps repairs and maintenance for village youth. Orientation on water & sanitation, financial management & monitoring. For cross learning and experience sharing workshop On project aims & objectives their roles and responsibilities, operation & maintenance of water and sanitation facilities. For NREGS and TSC implementation & efficient fund utilization and adopting IWRM approach to ensure drinking water sustainability. For cross learning and experience sharing workshop on water and sanitation facilities. To propagate IWRM initiative. 160 38 0 40 18 83 0 30 0 11 63 0 0 0 20

1 Distict Level Workshop 11 Staff Orientation 1

1 12 Advocacy and networking 1 13 Exposure visit for VWSC/SHG leaders. 14 Mass media mobilization

20

40

50

40

1 1

10

12

2. Major achievements Water

Community is aware of rain water harvesting on starting of project they doesnt know about the function of Roof water and recharge pit now these things are well known to them. OD free is up to great extent in villages, maximum no of schools have toilets. From Hand washing campaign and schools competitions not only the students community is also grasping the knowledge about 6 key hygiene factor and practicing them. Through trainings and workshops community have learnt to fight for their rights, women are empowered, shgs are working in schools for mid day meal, bricks factories etc, VWSC takes the responsibility of operation and maintenance of the water resources. From doing exposure visit to other organization and the programme and finance training organized by the Water Aid.

Sanitation Hygiene Capacity Building

Institution Building

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Advocacy Through RTI we have helped the community to achieve the target, now they are well familiar with the process and much aware.

User numbers

Year -1 (2008-09) Year 2 (2009-10) Year 3(2010-11) Level Level Level Level Level Level Level Level 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 Water 3475 1425 0 3087 1175 0 593 1724 Total Water 4900 4262 2317 Sanitation 792 1496 0 2204 592 0 0 315 Total Sanitation 2288 2796 315 Hygiene 3877 7576 0 4986 9798 0 0 18800 Total Hygiene 11453 14784 18800 Level 1: Users from direct hardware support (new or renovation) in Project villages Level 2: Users from Software support in project villages Level 3: Users from Support outside project area

Level 3 0 0 0

Good practice for possible replication. Self strengthening of the community and handing over the document of water supply scheme to the Panchayat. Workshop of VWSC & SHG on operation and maintenance. Govt. liaisoning with Panchayat collaboration for creating more and more hardware structure on water conservation activities also with keeping it in continuity. liaisoning with Govt. On water security plan for its implementation in coming years. Mobilizing Govt. fund for school sanitation coverage 100% and water availability in schools with sanitation facility. SHG strengthening through bank linage and facilitating them by cash credit limit and creating awareness for Govt. policy Swarn Jayanti Swarojgar Yojna. Through MNERGA making ensure of the sanitation coverage, creating awareness for the usage of the HHT and making the village NGP. Gender and Poverty Increasingly, women are now widely recognized as having a crucial role to play in the water and sanitation sector. Need to be convinced of the rationale for considering gender issues in water and sanitation. Often, this can be achieved by profitability and sustainability. Inclusion of gender inputs into projects leads to benefits that go beyond good Water and Sanitation project performance as manifested in such aspects as enhanced image, better procurement, O & M, recycling and cost recovery, and hygiene awareness.

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There are also other benefits such as Economic benefits
Better access to water gives women more time for income-generating activities, the needs of family members, or their own welfare and leisure. The economy, as a whole, therefore also benefits. Benefit to children especially girls, can go to school without having to spend long hours fetching water. Girls have improved their education and be better prepared for better jobs. Empowerment of women, involvement in water and sanitation projects has empowerd women, especially when project activities are linked to income-generating activities, productive resources such as credit, and equipping women with better skills. Safe water is up to community within easy reach. Improvement in Awareness, Health care and status of life. Increase in the interest of community is coming through the demonstration model of roof water harvesting structure and HHRWHS. Ground water recharging awareness is working for the water source of the project area. Reduction of water borne diseases is noticeable Women and children are also coming forward and taking steps at their level to conserve water in household works. Regular use & maintenance of water resources is done by community itself. The community is empowered to develop safe water source and community capacity is strengthened to maintain it. Women are gaining knowledge from our trainings and creating the hygienic behavior. Proper waste disposal system is maintained by the community. Extension of sanitation and hygiene promotion to the students and families is showing a great progress. Recharge structure, and water conservation activity is providing extreme benefit to bring these groups in mainstream of village development. Improved level of knowledge is also being developed for hygiene and sanitation

Following are the other benefits :Reduction in time for fetching water and water within easy reach. Assured Sustainable safe & clean drinking water availability round the year and awareness in the community for water security. Better water storage & used practices for water security for the reduction of water borne diseases Women and children have stopped open defecation at an great extent and practice proper hand washing methods. Make aware the women for coming out of their homes and attending the trainings and learn about their rights, hygiene, water conservation for disease free life Awareness material / literature in local language for childrens education to inculcate knowledge, practice and attitude in coming generation for water conservation and water security. Reduced gender discrimination and increase equal involvement of women in domestic and social decision making processes.