Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani Work Integrated Learning Programmes Division BITS Tech M Collaborative Program

m MS in Software Engineering/MS in Telecommunication and Software Engineering Second Semester of Academic Year 2010-2011 Course No & Title : SEMB ZC473 Multimedia Computing Nature of Exam : Comprehensive Exam Regular (Open Book) Duration & Weightage : 3 Hours and 50% Date & Time of Examination : 21st May2011 (Saturday) 2pm-5pm

Q1.1 The input voltage, Vin, to a gamma correction circuit is 0.199. What would be the voltage after gamma correction using a general transform that recognizes the fact that a simple power law would result in an infinite derivative at zero voltage? Q1.2 The gamma-corrected RGB values of a pixel are R'=10, G'=20, B'=30. Compute the value of Luminance Y' in a YIQ color model. Q1.3 The input signal value is 1 percent of the peak signal value. Compute the output, r, of the Alaw audio coder. Q1.4 Compute the output of the encoder for the following input: {50, 52, 55, 52, 48}, for lossless predictive coding of audio, where the predictor used is given as fcap(n) = floor [ (2/3)f(n-1) + (1/3)f(n-2) ] 2 + 2 + 3 + 3 = 10 marks Q2.1 Consider the dictionary-based LZW compression algorithm. Suppose the alphabet is the set of symbols {L,M}. Fill-in the entries in the following Table 1 for the input LMLMM. Table 1: s c output code 0 1 string L M

Q2.2 Suppose the alphabet is [A, B, C], and the known probability distribution is P(A)=0.5, P(B)=0.4, P(C)=0.1. If we have to encode the message ("BBB") using Arithmetic Coding, it turns out that the code (fractional number) should be in the range (0.78, 0.844). Generate the codeword for Encoder. Q2.3 The luminance values of the pixels of a block of an image are given in Table 2. Compute the DCT coefficients. Compute the quantized values of DCT coefficients using the JPEG quantization Table. Table 2: 3 + 3 + 4 = 10 marks
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Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani Work Integrated Learning Programmes Division BITS Tech M Collaborative Program MS in Software Engineering/MS in Telecommunication and Software Engineering Second Semester of Academic Year 2010-2011 Course No & Title : SEMB ZC473 Multimedia Computing Nature of Exam : Comprehensive Exam Regular (Open Book) Duration & Weightage : 3 Hours and 50% Date & Time of Examination : 21st May2011 (Saturday) 2pm-5pm

Q3.1 The coefficients of the low-pass filter impulse response, h0[n], of Daubechies 4 wavelet filter are [0.483, 0.837, 0.224, -0.129]. Compute the coefficients of the corresponding high-pass filter impulse response, h1[n]. Q3.2 The wavelet coefficients of a 4x4 image, to be compressed using EZW algorithm are as follows: 9 7 -10 4 14 5 3 5 6 0 3 1 3 1 2 4

Write the initial threshold and the Dlist. Compute the outputs of the first dominant and subordinate passes (i.e., D0 and S0). Briefly explain how you derived the first 4 symbols of the D0. 3 + 7 = 10 marks Q4.1 An image is being compressed using JPEG standard. The DC coefficients of the first 4 image blocks are 75, 78, 74, 76. After DPCM coding, represent these DC coefficients as pairs of symbols (SIZE, AMPLITUDE). Q4.2 Calculate the computational cost (OPS_per_second) of motion vector search using hierarchical search method for a 960 X 720, 30 fps video when p = 7. Q4.3 In a LPC-2 coding scheme, the linear prediction coefficients (ai ) for i = 1, 2 are 0.8 and -0.2 respectively. The speech samples, s(n), for n = 1, 2, 3 are 10, 20 and 30 respectively. Predict the value of s(4). 4 + 3 + 3 = 10 marks Q5.1 Three tones are being played simultaneously. Their frequencies (in kHz) are 2, 4 and 6, while their amplitudes (in dB) are 20, 60 and 20, respectively. Which of these 3 tones will be heard by human beings and why? Q5.2 An audio signal is to be compressed using MPEG standard. The SNR (in dB) of 4 subbands are 40, 45, 50 and 60 respectively. The signal-to-mask ratio (in dB) in these 4 subbands are 5, 15, 10 and 5 respectively. By computing the Mask-to-Noise ratio, determine the subband to which the next code-bit will be allocated. Q5.3 What is the significance of the word asymmetric in ADSL technology? Q5.4 A search tool returned 60 images out of which 40 were relevant to the query. There were 50 relevant images in the image database. Compute the Recall and Precision of the search. 3 + 3 + 2 + 2 = 10 marks . . . . All the best . . . . . Page 2 of 2