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Working Late...

Building healthy construction workers

Who are we?


Elaine Yolande Williams
Research Associate, Loughborough Design School

Diane Gyi
Reader in Health Ergonomics and Design, Loughborough Design School

Roger Haslam
Professor of Ergonomics, Loughborough Design School

Alistair Gibb
Professor of Construction Engineering Management, Department of Civil and Building Engineering

Who sponsors the research?


The Working Late project is supported by the New Dynamics of Ageing programme.

This project is funded by all five UK Research councils; AHRC, BBSRC, EPSRC, ESRC & MRC

What is Working Late: Ageing productively through design?


Increasing age of the UK workforce presents major challenges
By 2020, a third of the workforce will be aged over 50

Important to maintain health and quality of working life

Peoples ability to stay in work is affected by their health: increased physical illness as people get older

Need to promote a healthy working environment

Some of the health effects from work can take years to surface, therefore employees of all ages should be given attention

See Paper for Literature Review

What is Working Late: Ageing productively through design?


This Working Late project investigates the role of good design and ergonomics in healthy working. The research will be used to create an online resource called OWL (Organiser for Working Late) which will facilitate healthy working through better more intelligent workplace design. Working Late is NOT about over time or long working hours

Working Late through design


fun intelligent desirable

non-stigmatising individual choice & control


preventative healthcare

Design
flexible

sustainable

encourages good habits accessible and intuitive

Working Late through OWL


fun intelligent desirable

non-stigmatising individual choice & control


preventative healthcare

flexible sustainable encourages good habits accessible and intuitive

What is OWL?
The OWL resource will support line managers in facilitating healthy ageing at work through design. It will be made up of education & training tools
Generic tool kit tool box talks, discussion tools Personal Stories - design examples, video stories

OWL will empower and support worker involvement in design decision making processes especially when Working Late.

Phase
1 (Dec 2009)

Research activities
Questionnaire survey of workers. Triangulation interviews .

Progress
21 participated 719 questionnaires after data cleaning. Triangulation interviews with 5 organisations (26 workers). Data analysis complete discussion document presented to 5 collaborating organisations. Decisions made regarding focus of Phase 2.

In-depth rich data collection (interviews, observations , objective measures). Co-develop solutions to workplace design problems.

Data collection complete with 4 organisations. Co-designing focus groups completed with 2 organisations. Complete in Jan 2012. Development and synthesis of OWL resource images, audio, video. ALL organisations keen to be involved.

3 4 5 (Nov 2012)

Create a tool/resource (Organiser for Working Late - OWL) Evaluation and refinement of OWL. Data analysis and report writing.

Introduction

Understanding worker requirements


Workplace environments and equipment

Construction company
Environment constantly changes

Method
Collaboration: Construction company
New Build Domestic

Gaining participation

Site visits and presentations to management and team leaders Site tour & meeting employees Open to all employees 10 minutes to complete Online and paper

Questionnaire survey

Questionnaire survey
Construction Other Transport

Retail & Hospitality

Manufacturing

Questionnaire survey of UK workers across different sectors


on-line/paper based

Disproportionate sampling
Banking & Financial Energy & Utilities

blue-collar, older workers

Health & Social Work

Computing & IT

Public Sector e.g. Education, health

Follow-up in-depth interviews


n=6 at this company

Results: Questionnaire Survey

25 surveys returned all paper based

Response rate of ~71% of total from surveyed site

Responses removed from participants who did not indicate


Any results for NMQ (Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire) Year of birth Gender 83% (n=20) of respondents were aged 49 years and 17% (n=4) aged 50 years 100% male, 0% female

Work Ability
High WAI best to current scores High WAI physical & WAI mental ability scores
High scores indicate that respondents feel they have good work ability and are able to perform work tasks
n WAI best to current (0=unable to work 10 =work at best ability) WAI in respect to physical demands of job (1=very good 5=poor) WAI in respect to mental demands of job (1=very good 5=poor) 24 24 24 Mean (SD) 8.9 (1.6) 1.6 (0.7) 1.7 (0.7) Range 5 10 14 13

Results: Questionnaire Survey


Descriptive Gender Age Length of time working for organisation Length of time in current job role Hours worked per week Body Mass Index (BMI) n 24 24 23 24 24 24 83% (n=20) 49 years 48% (n=11) 11.9 years 54% (n=13) 9.2 years 87.5% (n=21) 35-hours 46% (n=11) = 18.5 24.9 (normal) Range 100% (n=24) Male 0% (n=0) female 17% (n=4) 50 years 52% (n=12) 11.8 years 46% (n=11) 9.3 years 12.5% (n=3) 44-hours 54% (n=13) 25 (overweight/obese) 38.8 years (SD 12.2) 11.7 years (SD 7.5) 17.6 years (SD 11.6) 40 hours (SD 2.6) 25.3 (SD 3.3) Mean

Results: NMQ
100 90 80 Frequency (%) 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Neck Shoulders Elbows Wrists and hands Middle of back Lower back Body Area Period (12 months) Point (7 days) Severity Attributing symptoms to work tasks Hips, thighs and buttocks Knees Ankles or feet

Age and Work statements

Work related statements according to age group; 49 and 50. Statistically significant (p0.05) Statistical difference Yes (0.001) Positive agreement 50

Statement I feel more tired now due to my job then I did when I was younger

Only one of the 13 statements showed that there was a statistically significant difference (p0.05) in the responses from both groups, based upon two-tailed independent samples t-test.

Conclusion

MSDs were experienced by construction workers. Observations helped identify that some MSDs could be attributed to specific work tasks. Worker experiences can inform healthy design-decision making.

Construction Workers: Joiners


Focus on hand-tool design and use on construction sites Understanding their views on ageing and staying fit and healthy in their job (prompts: obstacles, advice to others, top tips). Encourage thinking about staying healthy through design in their job (prompts: design solutions - procedure, equipment, training etc) To collate solutions to workplace design problems focusing on ergonomics and healthy ageing at work.

Discussion tools: body cards

Discussion tools: action cards

Discussion tools: equipment cards

Thank you!

Any questions please contact: Elaine Yolande Williams e.y.williams2@lboro.ac.uk + 44 (0) 1509 228816 Diane Gyi d.e.gyi@lboro.ac.uk +44 (0) 1509 223043

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