DOEs Role in Promoting Cleaner Production.

By Cleaner Production Unit Department of Environment

The Concept of Cleaner Production

History of Responses to Pollution Ignore the Problem The solution to pollution is dilution Treat pollution by endof-pipe approach Prevention of pollution and waste generation at source

What is waste costing your company?

WHAT GETS MEASURED, GETS MANAGED !!!

Obvious Cost
Cost of Waste treatment & disposal

Other costs
Raw materials wasted Labour time wasted Process time wasted Maintenance Compliance cost Legal cost Public image Remediation

Energy Water Insurance Future finance Land space Monitoring Equipment OH&S

Cleaner Production Definition

A preventive environmental strategy applied to processes, products and services to: Increase overall efficiency and productivity Improve business opportunities Reduce human and environmental risk

Key elements of the CP Definition

Encourages continuous application Is not limited only to manufacturing industries or businesses of a certain type or size Does not deny or impede growth but insists that growth can be ecologically sustainable Considers life cycle impacts of producing goods and providing services Includes health and safety and emphasizes risk reduction Improves immediate efficiency as well as long term efficacy Win-Win situation for environment, community and business

Cleaner Production Options

Housekeeping Improving inventory management, material storage, material handling, organization of workplace, awareness and training to staff Rationalize and optimize production processes or operational practices, modify process sequence, modify operating parameters Substitute hazardous / banned raw materials with safer and eco-friendly alternatives in the processes Replace outdated, inefficient technologies with innovative, more efficient technologies Redesign products & byproducts to lessen damage to environment during manufacturing or useful life of products, improve product packaging

Process Optimization

Raw Material Substitution

New Technology New Product Design

Cleaner Production and other Terminologies

Reactive approaches Preventive approaches

1. 2. 3.

End-of-the-pipe technology Recycle, reuse and recover Waste minimization Pollution Prevention Design for the Environment Eco-efficiency

Regulation driven

3 2

CLEANER PRODUCTION

Responsibility driven

4. 5. 6.

Waste focus

Facility focus

Life-cycle focus

Cleaner Production and EMS

ISO 14001 offers a common standard approach based on the PDCA cycle While ISO 14001 integrates the basics of impact assessment and scenario building it does not clearly distinguish between pollution control and pollution prevention Thus, ISO 14001 certification is possible with end-of-pipe efforts alone and need not mandate improvement in environmental performance Cleaner production places emphasis on pollution prevention rather than control with clear improvement in environmental performance

Use Cleaner Production within EMS framework

CP Advantages
Cleaner Production helps companies:
Increase productivity Reduce production costs Use resources more efficiently Produce safer and better products and services Reduce levels of pollution and risk Comply with Environmental Management Systems and get ISO 14000 certified Improve company image

Barriers to implementing Cleaner Production

Lack of Awareness / Knowledge
- Industries may not be aware of the potential of adopting preventive measures for reducing losses.

Lack of Information
-No information on the availability of appropriate technologies required for their specific purposes. -Difficulty in accessing cleaner technology

Financial Instititutions Lack Capacity to Assess Merits of CP Investment Proposals

-Institutions tend overlook the environmental and financial benefits of CP.

-Difficulty in accessing external finance

Lack of Technical Expertise

- Cooperation of relevant research institute and academia is crucial in identifying expertive
and resources available in the country

Misconceptions Cleaner Production is difficult and expensive to implement Cleaner Production is technologically complicated and applies mostly to large companies Cleaner Production requires specialized skills and expertise

Realities
Cleaner Production: Makes companies more profitable Improves products and services Lowers risk Improves company image
Emphasis on environmentally sound investments and sustainable development

Makes companies more attractive as clients for banks due to:

Improved cash flow Rapid return on capital or operating investments

Actions Apply good housekeeping Change technology or equipment Redesign products Modify or control processes Substitute input materials Recycle or reuse materials Produce useful by-products

1. Change in raw materials

BEFORE:

1. Change in raw materials

Changes made: Reduce or eliminate use of hazardous raw materials Use higher quality or purer raw materials to avoid introducing contaminants into the process Use recycled materials to create markets for these products

1. Change in raw materials

AFTER:

2. Changes in technology
BEFORE:

2. Changes in technology
Changes made:
Change equipment, layout or piping to improve material flows and efficiency Use better automation and process control equipment to avoid making poor quality or off-spec products Improved process conditions such as flow rates, temperature, pressure and residence/retention times to improve product yields and reduce waste quantities Use processing agents or aids, such as catalysts, more optimally Install counter-current rinsing equipment Change to mechanical stripping/cleaning devices to avoid solvent use Install more efficient motors and speed controls on pump motors to reduce energy consumption

2. Changes in technology
AFTER;

3. Better operating and housekeeping practices

BEFORE:

3. Better operating and housekeeping practices

Changes made:
Reduce loss of raw materials, products and energy due to leaks and spills Place equipment so as to minimise spills, losses and contamination during transport of parts and materials Use drip pans and splash guards Schedule production in ways that help reduce the need to clean equipment Minimise batch size to reduce clean-out waste Improve management of inventory of raw materials and products to avoid spoilage or expired shelf life Improve maintenance scheduling to avoid shutdown loses Turn off electricity when not in use Avoid combining different types of waste streams

3. Better operating and housekeeping practices

AFTER:

4. On-site Reuse
BEFORE:

4. On-site Reuse
Reuse what?
Recycle cooling process waters, solvents and other materials within the factory or plant Recover heat energy wherever possible Find less critical uses for off-spec raw materials Create useful by-products from waste materials

4. On-site Reuse
AFTER

5. Product Changes
BEFORE

5. Product Changes
Changes made:
Reformulate products to reduce their environmental impact when used by consumers Increase product lifetimes Make recycling easier by eliminating non recyclable parts or components in products Design products so that they can be disassembled and recycled easily Eliminate unnecessary packaging

5. Product Changes
AFTER

SO, MAKE UP YOUR MINDS NOW!

ELEMENTS FOR SUCCESSFUL IMPLEMENTATION OF CP

MANAGEMENT COMMITMENT EMPLOYEE PARTICIPATION AND SUPPORT DESIGN PROGRAM TO TACKLE FIRST THE NO COST AND LOW COST ELEMENTS To get the most benefits with the least amount of money. TRAINING AND SHARING OF INFORMATION PARTNERSHIPS WITH GOVERNMENT AGENCIES AND OTHERS

Promotional Activities of CP
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT Three areas where the DOE gets involved in CP activities namely: 1) Training and Awareness Programmes 2) Cleaner Production Studies / Demonstration projects 3) Capacity Building

DOE AWARENESS CAMPAIGN OF CP AND EST Seminars on promotion of EST and CP Conferences Workshops

DOE AWARENESS CAMPAIGN OF CP AND EST (Cont)

Dissemination of information phamplets, guidelines, posters, buntings, handbooks.

RELATED CP HANDBOOK AND PUBLICATION ACTIVITIES BY DOE Handbooks for the 5 sectors: metal finishing, crude palm oil industry, raw natural rubber, food processing and textile manufacturing

CP PUBLICATIONS BY DOE
Cleaner Production Audit guidelines A Cleaner Production Blueprint for Malaysia

CP DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS Several demonstration projects in the specific small and medium industries such as textile, electroplating and food successfully implemented. Success stories have been documented and published.

CAPACITY BUILDING
For DOE officers, to expose and train them in Cleaner Production especially in CP Auditing. To form a group of CP experts

CLEANER PRODUCTION VIRTUAL CENTRE (CPVC) AS THE APPROACH THROUGH INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CPVC is a web based application system designed to help inform and educate public, especially Malaysian Industries of Cleaner Production opportunities available for their companies

CLEANER PRODUCTION VIRTUAL CENTRE (CPVC)

CPVC also : Gives information about what Cleaner production is.(i.e definition, history, benefits, methdologist, etc) Allows SMEs to gain information about financial support and trainings available for them in implementing CP in their companies Is a place to access CP implementation Tool (CPIT) Publishes success stories about companies which have implemented CP Publishes latest news and events (i.e seminars, waorkshops) which will be organised by DOE

What is CPIT?

CPIT is a web based tool specially developed to help Malaysian SMI/ SME perform self audit as part of preparation for Cleaner Production (CP) implementation in their activities. CPIT has 3 main Audit modules which are Waste Audit, Energy Audit and Risk & Environment Audit

Waste Audits: To identify sources and quantity of waste generated, as well as to evaluate the informations in order to generate CP options. Energy Audits: To identify sources and quantity of energy usage , as well as to evaluate the informations in order to generate CP options for better energy conservations. Risk & Environment Audits: Assessment of potential risk, level of safety and impact to the environment due to activities in the plant.

THE WAY FORWARD OF CP

Greater awareness and education of CP practices to industries
Guidelines preparation for CP based on specific sectors. Initiate CP activities in selected industries. Monitoring the progress of CP implementation and performance in industries More training and exposure in CP assessment and auditing for DOE Officers Capacity bulding for stakeholders to facilitate smooth implementation of CP Integrate CP elements into existing laws/regulations

For More Information

UNEP DTIE Cleaner Production www.uneptie.org/cp UNEP DTIE Cleaner Production Financing www.financingcp.org United Nations Industrial Development Organization www.unido.org Sustainable Alternatives Network (SANet) www.SustainableAlternatives.net

Thank You