Design for fixed Pier

Governing case for design is Longitudnal Seismic (Full Seismic)

Support 1 (A) FREE

Support 2 (C) FIX

Support 3 (E) FREE

Support 4 (G) FREE

Maximum Vertical Reaction/Transverse Moment Case

Load Case

Vertical Load Reaction Free Pier Reaction at Fixed Pier Reaction at Free Pier Reaction at Free Pier Reaction A C E at G 303.54 38.94 4.95 5.50 19.80 12.76 779.64 103.03 48.85 94.43 195.40 190.17 Critical Live Load Considered 779.64 103.03 1.84 -0.06 7.36 1.37 303.54 38.94 -0.26 0.06 -1.05 -0.11

Dead Load SIDL 1LCA 1 70R 5 LCA 1LCA+270R 1LCA+270R

12.76

190.17

1.37

-0.11

Braking Force Fh1 = Seismic Force = Applied Hz Force = LL Trans Moment =

13.89 t 441.05 t 454.94 t 218.11 tm

Maximum Horizontal Force/Longitudnal Moment Case Load Case Vertical Load Reaction Free Pier Reaction at Fixed Pier Reaction at Free Pier Reaction at Free Pier Reaction A C E at G Dead Load SIDL 1LCA 1 70R 5 LCA 1LCA+270R 303.54 38.94 0.90 2.14 3.58 4.13 779.64 103.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 779.64 103.03 35.67 72.83 142.69 145.06 303.54 38.94 24.09 37.59 96.36 79.41

Critical Live Load Considered 1LCA+270R 4.13 0.00 145.06 79.41

Braking Force Fh1 = Seismic Force = Applied Hz Force = LL Trans Moment =

13.89 t 441.05 t 454.94 t 0 tm

Revised Summary due to Change in Superstructure to Precast Pretension Beam DL reactions are modified due to change in superstructure type The DL reactions are increased by 5% on conservative side Summary of Reactions at different bearings have been shown below The reactions have been calculated as per STAAD Model (Staad Model is attached in Annexure) Reactions at Support 1 (A) Node No. 63 156 249 342 435 528 Case DL DL DL DL DL DL Reaction (T) 51.0 40.7 45.6 45.6 40.7 51.0 Node No. 63 156 249 342 435 528 Case SDL SDL SDL SDL SDL SDL Reaction (T) 15.64 -2.14 4.79 4.79 -2.14 15.64

Free Pier Reaction at A Increasing DL

274.6 274.6

36.6

Reactions at Support 2 (C) Node No. 73 166 259 352 445 538 Case DL DL DL DL DL DL Reaction Node No. (T) 123.47516 73 123.47516 166 123.47516 259 91.953 352 81.454 445 104.189 538 648.0 648.0 Case SDL SDL SDL SDL SDL SDL Reaction (T) 44.46 -7.66 14.37 14.37 -7.66 44.46 102.3

Fixed Pier Reaction Increasing DL

Reactions at Support 3 (E) Node No. 83 176 269 362 455 548 Case DL DL DL DL DL DL Reaction Node No. (T) 123.47516 83 123.47516 176 123.47516 269 91.953 362 81.454 455 104.189 548 Case SDL SDL SDL SDL SDL SDL Reaction (T) 44.46 -7.66 14.37 14.37 -7.66 44.46 102.3

Free Pier Reaction 648.0 Increasing DL 648.0 Reactions at Support 4 (G) Node No. Case Reaction (T) 93 DL 51.0 186 DL 40.7 279 DL 45.6 372 DL 45.6 465 DL 40.7 558 DL 51.0 Free Pier Reaction Increasing DL 274.6 274.6

Node No. 93 186 279 372 465 558

Case SDL SDL SDL SDL SDL SDL

Reaction (T) 15.64 -2.14 4.79 4.79 -2.14 15.64 36.6

Maximum Vertical Reaction/Transverse Moment Case Load Case Dead Load SIDL 1LCA 1 70R 5 LCA 1LCA+270R 1LCA+270R Vertical Load Reaction Free Pier Reaction at Fixed Pier Reaction at Free Pier Reaction at Free Pier Reaction A C E at G 274.6 36.58 4.95 5.5 19.8 12.76 648.0 102.34 48.85 94.43 195.4 190.17 Critical Live Load Considered 12.76 190.17 1.37 -0.11 648.0 102.34 1.84 -0.06 7.36 1.37 274.6 36.58 -0.26 0.06 -1.05 -0.11

LL taken same as taken earlier Total DL = Total SIDL = Total DL+SIDL = 1845.2 t 277.8 t 2123.1 t < 2450.3 (considering earlier)

Braking Force Fh1 = Seismic Force = 0.18*3201.7 Applied Hz Force = LL Trans Moment =

16.39 t 382.1 t 398.5 t < 454.94t (considered earlier) 426.4 tm

Maximum Horizontal Force/Longitudnal Moment Case Load Case Vertical Load Reaction Free Pier Reaction at Fixed Pier Reaction at Free Pier Reaction at Free Pier Reaction A C E at G Dead Load SIDL 1LCA 1 70R 5 LCA 1LCA+270R 1LCA+270R 274.6 36.58 0.90 2.14 3.58 4.13 648.0 102.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 648.0 102.34 35.67 72.83 142.69 145.06 274.6 36.58 24.09 36.12 127.85 104.96

Critical Live Load Considered 4.13 0.00 145.06 104.96

LL taken same as taken earlier Total DL = Total SIDL = Total DL+SIDL = 1845.2 t 277.8 t 2123.1 t <2450.3 (considering earlier)

Braking Force Fh1 = Seismic Force = 0.18*3112.9 Applied Hz Force = LL Trans Moment =

16.39 t 382.1 t 398.5 t < 454.94t (considered earlier) 0.0 tm

It is seen from above Total DL and horizontal force is less than that considered earlier by CES hence the design is OK for change in superstructure. However the details of ths design check for the critical case( longitudinal seismic) is given below.

SUMMARY OF FORCES (With Precast Pretensioned Girder Superstucture) Bearing Level Pier Base Level Pile cap Bottom Level = = = 197.750 m 190.584 m 188.784 m

Maximum Vertical Reaction/Transverse Moment Case ( Full Long. Seismic Case) (Ref sheet no. 36 of Design note 2007002/BS/DD/02/CAL-020

Sr. No.

Details

Vertical Reaction V (t)

Long Horz. Force HL(t)

Trans. Horiz. Force HT(t)

0.01 -

Trans. moment at pier cap top(tm)

218.1 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.00

Trans. Long. moment mom. at pile at pile cap cap bottom bottom ( tm) (tm)
218.1 0.13 0.00 0.00 0.00

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

DL SDL Total DL + SIDL Live load HL in Longitudinal Dir. HT centrifugal @ Mt for DL due to Mt for SDL due to Extra Mt for LL due to SubStructure Wt. Of Pile Cap Soil above Pile Cap Ver. Seismic force Ver. Seismic force LL Ver. Seismic force

648.0 102.3 750.4 95.1 398.5

3573

246.7 602.6 114.37 67.5 8.6 22.2

44.4

273.6

Forces at Pier Cap Top Forces at Pile Cap Bottom Maxm Load on Pile = Minm Load on Pile = Horzizontal Force per pile = Maximum moment on pile = (3.31*30.2)

921.6 1907.4 255.8 t 16.7 t 31.6 104.73 tm

398.5 442.9

0.01 0.01

218.1 218.24

144.2 3847

Maximum Vertical Reaction/Transverse Moment Case ( Full Long. Seismic Case) (Ref sheet no. 37 of Design note 2007002/BS/DD/02/CAL-020

Sr. No.

Details

Vertical Reaction V (t)

Long Horz. Force HL(t)

Trans. Horiz. Force HT(t)

Trans. moment at pier cap top(tm)

0.0 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.00

Trans. Long. moment mom. at pile at pile cap cap bottom bottom ( tm) (tm)
0.0 0.13 0.00 0.00 0.00

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

DL SDL Total DL + SIDL Live load HL in Longitudinal Dir. HT centrifugal @ Mt for DL due to Mt for SDL due to Extra Mt for LL due to SubStructure Wt. Of Pile Cap Soil above Pile Cap Ver. Seismic force Ver. Seismic force LL Ver. Seismic force

648.0 102.3 750.4 0.0 398.5

0.01 -

3573.3

246.7 602.6 70 67.5 0.0 22.2

44.4

273.6

Total
Forces at Pier Cap Top Forces at Pile Cap Bottom Maxm Load on Pile = Minm Load on Pile = 240.2 t 11.2 t 817.9 1759.4 398.5 442.9 0.01 0.01 0.0 0.13 144.2 3846.9

Horzizontal Force per pile = 31.6 t Maximum moment on pile104.73 tm = (3.31*30.2) It is seen from above the maximum load and horizontal load on each pile is now reduced compared to earlier hence pile and pile cap design is ok.

Check for Pile R/F SOLID CIRCULAR SECTION SUBJECTED TO AXIAL THRUST AND BENDING seismic case Dia. of section = 120 cm R= 60 cm Modular ratio = 10 Vertical Load = 11.3 t Stress in Con. = 117 kg/cm2 Bending Moment = 104.73 tm Stress in R/f. = -2806 kg/cm2 Effective Cover = 9.5 cm Ast.provided N.A.assumed q Ar C c.g. Ixx Aeff. e e' e - e' Ieff Dist. Of N.a = = = = = = = = = = = = = 120.5 32.54976 125.497 2477.150 106.68070 40.84360 181812.44 3561.650 926.77049 28.40698 898.36351 2822969 0.88227 27.52471 cm2 cm deg or cm2 cm cm cm4 cm2 7446.47 2.190339 rad ALLOWABLE STRESSES Stress in Con. = 175 Stress in R/f. = 3600

kg/cm2 kg/cm2

27.45024

5 DESIGN OF PIER CAP The pier caps for the fixed pier are similar for the 19.7m wide bridge for both 2 span and 3 span continuous unit with a pier cap width of 2.6m and depth of 1.5m. Since the Pier cap design is governed by the vertical reaction there is no differnce between the between the 2 and 3 span continuous units. However for horizontal bending there will be different cases

A frame analysis is used for the design of the pier and the piercap (Refer sheet no. 38 of design note no. 2007002/BS/DD/02/CAL-020. The anlysis is done by using standard software STAAD. The bearing nodes in the STAAD Model are 11, 10, 9, 8,12 and 13

DEAD LOAD at Different Nodes (Ref sheet no. Node No. 11 10 9 8 12 13 fy fy fy fy fy fy Reaction from DL -123 -123 -123 -91.953 -81.454 -104.189 )

SIDL at Different Nodes (Ref sheet no. Node No. 11 10 9 8 12 13 fy fy fy fy fy fy Reaction fromSIDL -88.1 12.9 -75.6 -14.387 7.694 -44.473

Support Settlement at Different Nodes 11 10 9 8 12 13 fy fy fy fy fy fy -6.359 -4.945 -5.599 -5.599 -4.945 -6.359

Liveload For Cantilever design the Reactions have been taken from bearing design Reaction at Node No. 73 is 67.53 t (Refer sheet no 3 bearing module 1) I.e Node no 11 Corr to Class 70R most eccentric For this case Reaction at Node No. 166 is 30.832 I.e Node no 10 50% impact is taken for pier cap design I.e 1 + 4.5/(6+20.7)*0.5 I.e 1.085 Load at Node no. 11 is considered as 1.085* 67.53 = 73.3 t (including impact) Load at Node no. 10 is considered as 1.085* 30.832 =33.45 t (including impact) For maximum moment at centre Live load reaction are taken for the grillage analysis are given below

Node 73 166 259 352 445 538

Fy Mton -1.156 5.661 63.254 75.224 47.94 -2.252

Impact Factor 1.085 1.085 1.085 1.085 1.085 1.085

Reaction Corr Pier with Cap Node impact No -1.25 11 6.14 10 68.63 9 81.62 8 52.01 12 -2.44 13

Seismic Case Reactions for Transverse Seismic Case Horizontal Moment at Seismic Force Pier top of Pier Load coeff Lever Arm Cap Cap Total Dead Load 370.43 0.169 1.69 62.51 105.85 Total SIDL 148.85 0.169 2.64 25.12 66.31 Max LL 20% 34.14 0.169 3.74 5.76 21.55 Total 93.39 193.71 The Moment upto the top of the bearing is transferred as a Reaction Reaction due to Moment Vertical Seismic 11 fy 22.789 18.81 Assumption used 10 fy 0.000 10.29 LL of 138.5 is equally distributed 9 fy -22.789 17.75 on all bearing 8 fy -1.845 10.08 12 fy -5.535 7.15 13 fy -9.224 13.89 The horizontal force at the top of the bearing is tranfered as moment at the center of the Pier cap (0.4m pedestal/brg and 0.75m half the pIer Cap depth = 1.15) Total Moment at Pin bearing 107.3974 tm

DESIGN FOR PIER CAP HOGGING MOMENT Maximum moment considered at face of support I.e of 2.5m dia pier I.e for fixed piers Face of pier is calculated by taking equivalent area of circle = sqrt(pi()/4*2.4^2)/2 = 1.063 m Max Moment towards cantilever side Max moment considered at Node 14 Max moment at inside face of Pier Moment at face of Support Max moment considered at Node 16 1300 tm

Horizontal force is taken as 310*0.05*2 = 15.5 t (I.e maximum bearing load considerd and there are two bearings in cantilever) (Refer Sheet no. 14 Bearing module 1)

Torsion 25.0*(0.4+1.5/2) = 17.8 tm 0.4 is bearing + pedestal height and 1.5 is height of pier cap Eqiuvalent Bending Moment = Total Bending Moment = Width of pier cap = Grade of Concrete Grade of Steel Dia of Bar Used "Q" Value for Concrete Grade Used "j" Value for Concrete Grade Used Permissible Stress in Steel Depth Required Depth Provided Reinforcement Required Reinforcement Provided 26 nos Area of Steel Provided 32 f + 26 nos 32 f 418 cm^2 in Second Layer = M 45 Fe 500 32 257 t/m2 0.8717949 2.45E+04 = = = 1.354 m < 1.480 m 417 cm^2 = 16.5 tm 1317 tm 2.8 m

hence ok

CHECK FOR SHEAR AT FACE Shear at Face = 330 t 11.0 t 341.0 t 8.23E-01

Eqiuvalent Shear Force due to Torsion = = Total Shear Force Shear Stress = =

Design for Shear Force at Face : Check for shear has been carried out based on the provisions given in Clause No. 304.7.1.3.3 of IRC : 21-2000 SF (t) carried tc by (N/mm2) concrete , tc*b*d 0.416 172.35

Sl. No.

Section tv Net Shear F Considere (t) (N/mm2) d At face 341.0 0.794

tmax (N/mm2) 2.500

r%

0.974

1.00

Design of Shear Reinforcement : Section Net Design Considere SF (t) d 168.6 At face Min Reinforcement R/F Required Sv) (cm m) 57.0 3.4
2/

Sl. No. 1 2

(Asv /

R/F Provided (Asv) Bar Dia No of Legs (mm) 6 12 2 8

Spacing Spacing Required Provide (mm) d (mm) 119 110 295 110

CHECK FOR SHEAR AT FACE OF PEDESTAL Shear at Face = Horizontal force = Tortional Moment = Eqiuvalent Shear Force due to Torsion = = Depth at the section = Deff = Total Shear Force = Shear Stress = 304 16 18.4 11.3 1.27 1.18 315 9.58E-01 t t t t m m t

4.44 2.79

Design for Shear Force at Face : Check for shear has been carried out based on the provisions given in Clause No. 304.7.1.3.3 of IRC : 21-2000 SF (t) carried tc by (N/mm2) concrete , tc*b*d 0.463 152.20

Sl. No.

Section tv Net Shear F Considere (t) (N/mm2) d At face 315.3 0.958

tmax (N/mm2)

r%

2.500

1.271

1.00

Design of Shear Reinforcement : Section Net Design Considere SF (t) d 163.1 At face R/F Required Sv) (cm2/m) 69.4 at (Asv / R/F Provided (Asv) (cm2/m) No of Legs 2 Bar Dia Bar Dia No of Legs (mm) (mm) 2 20 12 100 c/c

Sl. No. 1

Total Steel Provided d1 Required Area Hoop enclosing the corner bars Area provided

85.45 1.35 64.34 62.8

cm^2 m cm^2 cm^2

Design for Hogging Moment on inside face Moment at inside face of Pier = Horizontal force on Pin (Normal) 386.6 tm 40 t Node No 16

Torsion 40*(0.4+1.5/2)/2 = 23.0 tm 0.4 is bearing + pedestal height and 1.5 is height of pier cap Eqiuvalent Bending Moment = Total Bending Moment = Reinforcement Required Reinforcement Provided 20 nos Area of Steel Provided 2 Span 265.7 = 152.8 32 f 161 cm^2 3 Span 398.5 t 229.2 tm = 21.3 tm 408 tm 132 cm^2

Horizontal force on Pin (Seismic) Torsion

Eqiuvalent Bending Moment = Total Bending Moment = Permissible Stress in Steel Reinforcement Required

141.7 528

212.6 tm 599 tm 36000

114

129 cm^2

Reinforcement Provided 20 nos Area of Steel Provided Design for Sagging Moment Moment = Horizontal force on Pin (Normal) 121.4 tm 40 t 32 f 161 cm^2

Torsion 40*(0.4+1.5/2)/2 = 23.0 tm 0.4 is bearing + pedestal height and 1.5 is height of pier cap Eqiuvalent Bending Moment = Total Bending Moment = Width of pier cap = Grade of Concrete Grade of Steel Dia of Bar Used "Q" Value for Concrete Grade Used "j" Value for Concrete Grade Used Permissible Stress in Steel Depth Required Depth Provided Reinforcement Required Minimum Steel Required in Beam Minimum Reinforcement reqd Reinforcement Provided 24 nos 20 f + = M 35 Fe 500 25 170 t/m2 0.891 2.40E+04 = = = = = 0.568 m < 1.402 m 48 cm^2 0.20% 72.904 = 21.3 tm 142.7 tm 2.6 m

hence ok

cm^2

0 nos

12 f

in Second Layer

Area of Steel Provided Seimic Case Horizontal force on Pin (Seismic) Torsion = 2 Span 265.7 152.8

75.4 cm^2 3 Span 398.5 t 229.2 tm

Eqiuvalent Bending Moment = Total Bending Moment = Permissible Stress in Steel Reinforcement Required Reinforcement Provided 24 nos Area of Steel Provided 20 f

141.7 263 3.60E+04 59 cm^2

212.6 tm 334 tm

74 cm^2

0 nos

12 f 75.4 cm^2

in Second Layer

CHECK FOR SHEAR AT INSIDE FACE Shear at Centre = Tortional Moment = Eqiuvalent Shear Force due to Torsion = = Total Shear Force Shear Stress = = 195 t 23.0 tm 14.2 t 209.2 t 0.574 Mpa

Design for Shear Force at Face : Check for shear has been carried out based on the provisions given in Clause No. 304.7.1.3.3 of IRC : 21-2000 SF (t) carried tc by (N/mm2) concrete , tc*b*d 0.217 79.12

Sl. No.

Section tv Net Shear F Considere (t) (N/mm2) d

tmax (N/mm2)

r%

At Centre

209.2

0.574

1.900

0.207

1.00

Design of Shear Reinforcement : Section Net Design Considere SF (t) d 130.0 At face R/F Required Sv) (cm m) 46.4
2/

Sl. No. 1

(Asv /

Total Steel Provided Required Area Hoop enclosing the corner bars

R/F Provided (Asv) Bar Dia No of Legs (mm) 4 2 16 at 120 c/c 60 cm^2 32.17 cm^2

10

Area provided

33.5 cm^2

Design for Horizontal bending Longitudianal Seismic case Horizontal force Max Horizontal Bending Moment as per STAAD tm Total Bending Moment = Width of pier cap for horizontal bending = Grade of Concrete Grade of Steel Dia of Bar Used "Q" Value for Concrete Grade Used "j" Value for Concrete Grade Used Permissible Stress in Steel Depth Required Depth Provided Reinforcement Required Reinforcement Provided Side face reinf Area of Steel Provided Total Horizontal shear force (t) Horizontal Shear Stress (t/m^2) Percentage Steel allowable shear stress (t/m^2) Hence Shear Stirrups required Reinforcement Required (cm^2) Reinforcement provided 6 Legged 12 dia at 120c/c = = = M 35 Fe 500 25 255 t/m2 0.891 36000 1.050 m < 2.534 m 52 cm^2 11 nos 25 f 54 cm^2 265.7 69.9 0.142 20 20.79 67.8 1.286 m 2.534 m 78 cm^2 11 nos 32 f 88 cm^2 398.5 104.9 0.233 22.5 34.31 67.8 2 span 265.7 421.7 421.7 1.5 m 3 Span 398.5 632.6 632.6

6 DESIGN CHECK FOR PIER (FIXED) Governing case for design is Full Long Seismic Bearing Level Pier Base Level HL in Longitudinal Seismic on SubStructure Total Longitudnal Longitudnal Moment per leg = = = = = = 197.75 m 190.584 m 378.1 t 44.4 t 2903.1 tm 1451.6 tm

Reactions at Support due to different Load Combinations A L/C 6 7 6 7 Horizontal Fx Mton -138.235 -54.862 138.235 54.862 Vertical G Fy Mton Mz MTon-m 597.956 527.794 593.152 570.872 185.851 75.681 -189.545 -73.304

Node 6 7

Governing Case will be MINIMUM Load and Maximum Moment Design Forces for Pier Design Load = M trans = Mlong = Mres = Check for PiER R/F 527.794 t 219 tm 1451.6 tm 1468.0 tm

SOLID CIRCULAR SECTION SUBJECTED TO AXIAL THRUST AND BENDING seismic case Dia. of section = 250 cm R= 125 cm Modular ratio = 10 Vertical Load = 527.8 t Stress in Con. = 152 kg/cm2 Bending Moment = 1468.00 tm Stress in R/f. = -2812 kg/cm2 Effective Cover = 9.5 cm Ast.provide
d

594.84 cm N.A.assumed 84.42595 cm 0.00 q 142.061 deg or 2.479433 rad Ar 14567.28 cm2 C 236.42298 cm c.g. 75.59783 cm ALLOWABLE STRESSES Ixx 7211458.6 cm4 Stress in Con. = 175 Aeff. 19920.8 cm2 Stress in R/f. = 3600 e 278.13809 e' 55.28154 e - e' 222.85655 Ieff 65293783 Dist. Of N.a 14.70750 40.57405 40.57405 Hence the Steel Provided in Pier legs is OK = = = = = = = = = = = = = Check for Torsion and Shear Torsional moment at Pier Polar Moment of Inertia of Pier Shear Stress at the edge of Pier Horizontal foce on each pier Shear Stress Total Shear Stress Percentage of Steel Permissible Shear Stress Required Steel Provided

kg/cm2 kg/cm2

137.102 tm 3.834952 m^4 89.38 t/m^2 211.3 t 45.30 t/m^2 134.68 t/m^2 1.276 % 45 t/m^2

Dia

2.5 m

7.34 cm^2/m 16 dia bar @100c/c hence safe