Dicas de ingls

Plural dos Substantivos em ingls

A regra geral do plural voc acrescenta os ao substantivo:

Boy Boys River Rivers Notebook Notebooks Nos substantivos terminados em ch, sh, ss, x, z e o acrescentamos es:

Church Churches Brush Brushes Glass Glasses Box Boxes Topaz Topazes Potato Potatoes Os substantivos abaixo terminados em f ou fe, mudam o f para v e recebem espara formar o plural. As demais palavras terminadas em f ou fe fazem o plural regular com s.

Wife Wives Life Lives Knife Knives Wolf Wolves Shelf Shelves Self Selves

Calf Calves Leaf Leaves Loaf Loaves Thief Thieves Half Halves Sheaf Sheaves

Os substantivos terminados em y precedido de consoante substitui o y por ies:

City Cities Family Families Story Stories Os substantivos terminados em y precedido de vogal seguem a regra geral: Boy Boys Day Days As palavras estrangeiras conservam geralmente o plural de origem:

Datum Data Phenomenon Phenomena Genius Genii Crisis Crises Nucleus Nuclei Substantivos com plural irregular:

Tooth Teeth Foot Feet Child Children Mouse Mice Woman Women Man Men

Verbo TO BE
O verbo to be pode expressar dois significados: ser ou estar. Logo, tanto para dizer que eu sou uma professora (I am a teacher), quanto para dizer que eu estou na escola (I am at school), deve-se utilizar o verbo to be. O verbo to be no presente se conjuga em am, is e are. Segue uma tabela para indicar o uso correto do verbo to be no presente:

Personal Pronouns (Pronomes pessoais) I You He She It We You They Ex.:

Verbo to be no presente am (sou/estou) are ( /est) is (/est) is (/est) is (/est) are (somos/estamos) are (so/esto) are (so/esto)

You are a student. (Voc um aluno). He is my neighbor. (Ele meu vizinho). She is at the supermarket. (Ela est no supermercado). The dog is outside. (O co est l fora). We are friends. (Ns somos amigas). You are my enemies. (Vocs so meus inimigos). They are upstairs. (Eles esto l em cima). Para a forma negativa, basta acrescentar not aps o verbo to be (am, is, are): They are not in their bedroom. (Eles no esto no quarto deles). We are not nurses. (Ns no somos enfermeiras). I am not your teacher. (Eu no sou sua professora). possvel abreviar a verbo to be com o not. Essa forma bastante utilizada na conversao. Segue abaixo uma lista com as possveis abreviaes para a forma negativa: Verbo to be na negativa I am not You are not He is not She is not It is not We are not You are not They are not

Im not You arent He isnt She isnt It isnt We arent You arent They arent

Para a forma interrogativa, basta inverter o verbo to be (am, is, are), colocando-o no incio da frase: Is she your sister? (Ela sua irm?) Are we on the right road? (Ns estamos na estrada certa?) Are you my classmate? (Voc meu colega de classe?)

Forma No Contrada
Afirmativa Interrogativa Negativa

I am

Am I?

I am not

You are

Are you?

You are not

He is

Is he?

He is not

She is

Is she?

She is not

It is

Is it?

It is not

We are

Are we?

We are not

You are

Are you?

You are not

They are

Are they?

They are not

Forma Contrada
Afirmativa Negativa

Im

Im not

Youre

Youre not/You arent

Hes

Hes not/He isnt

Shes

Shes not/She isnt

Its

Its not/It isnt

Were

Were not/We arent

Youre

Youre not/You arent

Theyre

Theyre not/They arent

A princpio o verbo to be significa ser ou estar. Alguns exemplos: 1. 2. 3. Im at home. (Estou em casa.) Are you there? (Voc t a?) Shes a really happy person. (Ela muito feliz.) Expresses: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. How old are you? (Qual sua idade?) What time is it? (Quantas horas?) Be careful. (Toma cuidado.) Are you sure? (Tem certeza?) Dont be afraid. (No tenha medo.)