MODEL ANSWERS OF ASSIGNMENT NO.(7) EQUILBRIUM OF SYSTEM OF PARTICLES TRUSSES BY SECTIONS BY DR.

FAROUK ELBARKI

Problem No.(1) Determine the force in members BC, HC, and HG of the bridge truss, and indicate whether the members are in tension or compression.
H G F

A 3m B 3m C 3m D 3m E

12 KN

14 KN

18 KN

Solution
H G F

NA

Ey

Ex

12 KN

14 KN

18 KN

Fig.1

Free body diagram of the entire truss

Equilibrium of the entire truss: ME = 0 18 (3) + 14 (6) + 12 (9) NA (12) = 0 NA = 20.5 KN

H T1

NA

T2

T3

12 KN

Fig.2 F.B.D of part ABH

Equilibrium of part ABH MC = 0 - T1 (3) 20.5 (6) + 12 (3) = 0 T1 = - 29 KN (comp) Fy = 0 20.5 -12 T2 cos 45 = 0 T2 = 12 KN (tension)

Fx = 0 T1 + T3 + T2 sin 45 = 0 -29 + T3 + 12 sin 45 = 0 T3 = 20.5 KN (tension)

Problem No.(2) The roof truss supports the vertical loading shown. Determine the force in members BC, CK, and KJ and state if these members are in tension or compression.

8 KN 4 KN

D E F 3m

C B

A L K J 12 m, 6 @ 2 m I H

Solution
8 KN 4 KN

D E

G A

2m
Ay

2m

2m

2m

2m

2m `
NG

For entire truss

MG = 0 : - Ay (12) + 4 (8) + 8 (6) = 0 , Fx = 0 : Ax = 0 Ay = 6.67 kN

8 KN

4 KN D C T1 E F T2 T3 J I H G

T1 B T2 Ax =0 A

m
L

3m

T3

5.33 KN

Ay = 6.67 kN

For the part (ABK)

tan = 3/6 = 0.5 = 26.565 MA = 0 T2(6) = 0 , T2 = 0 Fy= 0 +T1 sin +6.67+ T2 = 0 T1 = -14.9 KN (C) Fx = 0 T1 cos + T3= 0 T3 = 13.3 kN (T) T1 T2 T3 -14.9 kN (C) 0 13.3 kN (T)

Problem No.(3) Determine the force in member GC of the truss and state if this member is in tension or compression.

10 KN

10 KN H

10 KN

30

A B C D 10 KN

3m

3m

3m

3m

Solution

10 KN

10 KN

<
10 KN H J

EX

NA

10 KN

Ey

Entire truss
ME = 0 -NA (12) + 10 (12) + 10 (9) + 10 (6) + 10 (3) = 0 NA = 25 KN

10 KN

10 KN

G T1

10 KN

H T3
30

T2

T4 B

3m

3m

h = 6 sin 30o = 3 m

25 KN T2 T3

T1 J

For the part (AHGB)

T4 C

30

3m

3m

Ex

MC = 0 10 (6) 25 (6) + 10 (3) T1 (3) = 0 T1 = -20 KN (C) For joint G Fy = 0 T1 Sin 60 T5 Sin 60 = 0 T1 = T5 10 KN T5 = -20 KN
G 10 KN Ey

Fy = 0 -T2 10 T1 Cos 60 T5 Cos 60 = 0 -T2 10 (-20) Cos 60 (-20) Cos 60 = 0 T2 = 10 KN (T)

T5

60

60

T1 T2

Problem No.( ) The skewed truss carries the load shown. Determine the force in members AB, BF, EF and state if these members are in tension or compression. Assume that all joints are pinned.
d/2 C d D P d/2 C d D

Ay Ax
A F A

NF
F

d/2

d/2

P
Equilibrium of part BCDE MB = 0: - P (d) T3 (d) = 0 , Fx = 0: P + T2 cos 45 = 0 T2 = - P / (cos 45) , T2 = - 1.41 P (compression) Fy = 0: -P T1 T2 sin 45- T3 = 0 -P T1 + 1.41 P sin 45+ P = 0 , T1 = P (tension) T3 = - P (compression)

B T1 T2

E T3

Problem No.(5 ) For the shown truss, by the method of sections determine the forces in the links ( GF), ( FB), and (BC); then by the method of joints determine the force in the member (FC). 10 kN 12kN 8 kN

10 kN

A B C

3 panels at 8 m and equilateral triangles

10 kN SOLUTION
G a

12kN

8 kN

10 kN Dy

NA
4 3m
4m 4m B C

Dx

3 panels at 8 m and equilateral triangles a

F.B.D OF ENTIRE TRUSS

For the entire truss:

MD = 0 :

10 ( 4 3 ) + 8( 4 ) + 12 ( 12 ) + 10( 20 ) N A ( 24 ) = 0 N A = 18.55 kN

By the section a-a , for the body (ABG) :

10 kN
a
G

Fy

= 0 : T2 sin 60 o 10 + N A = 0 60o
4 3m

T2 sin 60 o 10 + 18.55 = 0 T2 = 9.87 kN ( C )

T1 T2
60o
B

NA

MB = 0

: 10 ( 4 ) T1 ( 4 3 ) N A ( 8 ) = 0

T1 = 15.65 kN ( C ) A

60o 4m 4m

T
a

Fx = 0

: T1 + T2 sin 60 o + T3 = 0

T3 = 24.20 kN ( T )

F.B.D OF THE BODY (ABG)

12 kN
For the joint (F) :

T1
60o

T5 T4

Fy

=0 :

12 T2 sin 60 o T4 sin 60 o = 0

T2

T4 = 3.99 kN ( C ) F.B.D OF THE JOINT (F)

Problem No.(6 ) For the shown truss, by the method of sections determine the axial forces in the members: a) J I , C I , C D . 100 kN b) K J , B J , B C 100 kN 100 kN

100 kN
5m

G 100 kN

100 kN
5m SOLUTION 5m 5m 5m

100 kN
5m

100 kN

100 kN

100 kN

100 kN
b a J I H

100 kN
5m

G 100 kN

Ax Ay

NC
b
5m 5m

a
5m

100 kN
5m

100 kN
5m

100 kN

F.B.D OF ENTIRE TRUSS

For the entire truss:

MC

= 0 : 100 ( 5 + 10 5 5 5 10 15 ) A y ( 10 ) = 0 A y = 25 0 kN

Fx

=0

200 A x = 0

A x = 200 kN

a By the section a-a , for the body (IGFD):

Fy
T2 2

=0 : 300 = 0 T2 = 300 2 kN ( C )

T1
45
o

100 kN
5m

T2 T3
a
D E F

MI

= 0 : T3 ( 5 ) 100 ( 5 ) 100 ( 10 ) = 0

5m

5m

T3 = 300 kN ( C ) = 0 : 100 T1 T3 T2 cos 45 o = 0

100 kN

100 kN

100 kN

Fx

F.B.D OF THE BODY (IGFD)

T1 = 700 kN

100 kN
By the section b-b , for the body (ABKL):

100 kN

Fy
+ T5 2

=0 : 200 + A y = 0 T5 = 450 2 kN ( T )

100 kN
5m

T4 T5

M B = 0 : T4 ( 5 ) + 100( 5 ) 100 ( 5 ) A y ( 5
Ax
T4 = 250 kN ( T )

45o

T6 Ay
5m

Fx

= 0 : 100 + T4 + T6 + T5 cos 45 o = 0 F.B.D OF THE BODY (ABKL)

T6 = 800 kN ( C )