QUESTION BANK FOR MICROCONTROLLERS AND EMBEDDED SYSTEM 1.

Define the following terms: Embedded systems, Architectures: Harvard and Princeton, RISC and CISC, Addressing modes, Memory units, Hardware units, I/O ports, Pipelining. 2. Draw the architecture of 8051 microcontroller and explain each block in detail. 3. What should be done to make a port an input port? 4. How many timers are there in 8051 and what are the SFR registers associated with them and also explain Mode 0 operation of timers? 5. Explain software and hardware methods to start and stop timers in 8051. 6. Define interrupt priority with their sequence and vector addresses. 7. When does the 8051 check for an interrupt and how they can be masked? 8. Write differences between serial and parallel communication and why do we prefer serial communication over parallel communication for long distances? 9. Explain SCON register and describe the role of baud rate in serial communication and how it can be doubled in 8051? 10. Draw a flow diagram for the serial communication between two microcontrollers. 11. Write a program to generate a square wave of 10khz with interrupt and without interrupt for the crystal frequency of 11.0592MHz. 12. What are the conditions for accessing external memory in 8051? 13. What are the advantages of separate program and data memory in Harvard architecture? 14. Write a program for measurement of pressure and temperature and display the value on the LCD. 15. Find the address to which program execution is transferred after the execution of the instruction SJMP F0H, if it is stored in the address 8811H. 16. Find the relative address to be used in the SJMP instruction, so that the same SJMP instruction is executed after jumping. 17. How many addressing modes are there in 8051 explain with examples? 18. Explain the following instructions: ADDC, DAA, MOVX, MOVC, ORL, RR, RETI, SJMP, AJMP, LJMP, NOP, CJNE, DJNZ, btfsz, bcf, btfsc, decfsz, retlw, clrwdt, movlw, swapf. 19. Draw the hardware and write a program to interface DAC with 8051. 20. Draw the pin diagram of PIC microcontroller and explain each pin.

21. How many addressing modes are there in PIC and also explain SFRs? 22. How memory is organized in 8051 and PIC? 23. Write a program for interfacing of LCD display using PIC microcontroller with its hardware units. 24. Explain the terms IP core, FPGA, CPLD, PLA and PAL. 25. What are the essential structural units in the following: microprocessor, embedded processor, microcontroller, DSP and ASIP? 26. What is the role of processor reset and system reset? 27. What is the advantage of the following: stop instruction, wait instruction, processor idle mode operation, cache used disable mode operation, cache with multiways and blocks in an embedded system? 28. Why does a program reside in the ROM in the embedded system? 29. Explain the need of watchdog timer and reset after the watchdog timer. 30. Explain the difference between the microprocessor, microcontroller and an embedded system.