Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Objective
To study the world distribution of household wealth across individuals, countries and regions wealth = real assets + financial assets debts level results for years 2000 to 2010 global distribution pattern for 2000 and 2010 compared across countries using official exchange rates comparisons for adult population
Structure of talk
Evidence on wealth levels and composition Estimating levels for countries without direct data Evidence on wealth distribution Estimating distributions for countries without wealth distribution data Adjusting top tail to match information in rich lists World distribution of wealth
Methodology details
(1) adult population (2) average wealth level: based on household balance sheets and wealth survey data (covering 58 countries, 64% of world population, 93% of world wealth) extended by regression methods to most other countries region-income class averages imputed to remaining countries (3) distribution of wealth: based on distribution data for 21 countries wealth dist estimated from income dist for most other countries region-income class averages imputed to remaining countries
Wealth dominated by Real Assets in low income countries Financial Assets more important in high income countries Financial Interrelations Ratio rises with development (Goldsmith, 1985). Large differences in wealth composition for countries at similar income
400000
Switzerland
Australia Singapore France Italy UnitedCanada States of America Kingdom United Japan Denmark New Zealand Netherlands China, Taiwan Israel
Czech Republic
0 0
100000
150000
FINANCIAL ASSETS
Coeffficient
Std. Err.
Log Consumption per capita GDP per capita growth Log Market cap % Urban Population Survey dummy Year 2001 Year 2002 Year 2003 Year 2004 Year 2005 Year 2006 Year 2007 Year 2008 Region 1 Region 2 Region 3 Region 4 Region 5 Region 6 Region 7 Region 8 Region 9 Region 10 Region 11 Constant
1.215733 -0.0122004 0.116785 0.0087758 -2.67626 0.01902 0.2080241 0.3547831 0.3355473 0.1626965 0.2335123 0.3680972 -0.1087921 0.0383852 3.048696 1.213987 -0.8130091 -1.310652 -0.6102694 -0.5771056 -0.0944294 -0.6550942 0.3461472 0.1642567 -2.046011
0.0860526 0.0031073 0.035741 0.0023328 0.3580639 0.0938944 0.0997578 0.1159512 0.1096835 0.1007499 0.1028249 0.1170866 0.1207646 0.1062478 0.5976494 0.6165629 0.169785 0.2205095 0.1167259 0.1890337 0.0748071 0.316613 0.5931403 0.3335446 0.7875055
"R2" Obs
0.9369 329
LIABILITIES Coefficient Log Consumption per capita Log Domestic Credit available in private sector % Urban Population Year 2001 Year 2002 Year 2003 Year 2004 Year 2005 Year 2006 Year 2007 Year 2008 Region 1 Region 2 Region 3 Region 4 Region 5 Region 6 Region 7 Region 8 Region 9 Region 10 Region 11 Constant 1.331343 0.8158173 0.0068305 -0.0236963 0.1580091 0.236093 0.2418213 0.1113806 0.1925364 0.1997734 -0.1730441 -0.4460049 -1.452746 0.4748125 -0.7917038 0.155983 -0.0519343 -0.0619697 0.1233718 -0.1506066 -0.1598387 -0.0769177 -7.47391 Std. Error 0.0773791 0.0485209 0.0020307 0.0837411 0.0831774 0.0833594 0.0842856 0.0855134 0.0875066 0.0886027 0.0981365 0.0966382 0.4421547 0.4577424 0.1610342 0.200721 0.1056128 0.172601 0.0670747 0.284193 0.4322219 0.295433 0.7032472 "R2" Obs 0.9572 329
Log Consumption per capita Life Expectancy Log population density % Urban population Year 2001 Year 2002 Year 2003 Year 2004 Year 2005 Year 2006 Year 2007 Year 2008 Region 1b Region 2b Region 3b Region 4b Region 5b Region 6b Region 7b Region 8b Constant
1.065605 4.54589 -0.066068 0.0079423 -0.0457686 0.0400724 0.1252834 0.1048758 0.0259857 0.0802483 0.1049583 -0.1665944 -0.6122215 1.212321 1.75544 -0.5681939 -0.3928919 -0.1617774 0.8709652 0.5567338 -19.40279
0.1333333 2.136041 0.0194459 0.0042267 0.1043351 0.0999626 0.1056559 0.1062708 0.1166455 0.121354 0.1267945 0.1960449 0.0696875 0.6295298 0.9061725 0.2212142 0.2189427 0.0696185 0.6752563 0.9841658 9.64514
R2 Obs
0.9105 132
150
real economic growth and private saving inflation (consumer prices) asset price changes (e.g. housing) exchange rate movements (especially $ - euro) population shifts and ageing
small number of countries account for most of the richest 10% of adults 23% are American; 14% are Japanese in year 2000 very few Chinese and Indians in top 10%. Many more Chinese (6%) in 2010.
Richest 1% even more concentrated geographically US even more dominant 33% reside in the US, 12% in Japan China and India membership was almost insignificant in year 2000, now China accounts for 3.5%