DBS3900 WiMAX Feature Configuration Guide

5 QoS

5
About This Chapter

QoS

The WiMAX BS can provide users with five different Quality of Service (QoS) levels. Users need to choose the desired QoS level when subscribing to services. This chapter describes the basic concepts, functions, and implementation method of the QoS feature. 5.1 Overview of QoS This section describes the definition, purpose, specifications, and impact of the QoS feature. 5.2 Availability of QoS This section describes the network elements (NEs) involved in the QoS feature and the version that supports the QoS feature. 5.3 Description of QoS The Huawei WiMAX BS provides an end-to-end QoS solution, including the QoS mechanism of the R1 and R6 interfaces. 5.4 Operations Related to QoS This section describes how to activate and deactivate the QoS feature. 5.5 Maintenance Information of QoS This section describes the parameters and performance counters related to the QoS feature. 5.6 Reference Information of QoS The protocols that the QoS feature complies with are IEEE 802.16-2004/Cor2/D3 with latest SRD and WiMAX Forum Network Architecture Release 1.2.0.

Issue 03 (2010-03-19)

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

5-1

5 QoS

DBS3900 WiMAX Feature Configuration Guide

5.1 Overview of QoS

This section describes the definition, purpose, specifications, and impact of the QoS feature.

Definition
QoS is an end-to-end processing mechanism used to guarantee the quality of communication services. On a WiMAX network, QoS ensures that users obtain expected service levels in terms of the packet loss rate, delay, jitter, and bandwidth. The QoS feature supported by the Huawei WiMAX solution is deployed over the R1 and R6 interfaces.

Purpose
QoS is used to guarantee the end-to-end service quality. When the network is congested, QoS guarantees reliable data transmission of important services and ensures efficient use of network resources. QoS offers operators with effective control over the use of network resources. With QoS, the network supports existing and emerging multimedia services and applications. At the same time, the network can distinguish between services and provide corresponding quality guarantee. In this way, multiple services such as voice, video, and data can be converged on the same network. With QoS, operators can divide users into detailed groups and provide user-specific differentiated and value-added services. In this manner, the network becomes more profitable and competitive, thus gaining a big market share.

Specifications
The IEEE 802.16e standard defines five service flow QoS scheduling types, that is, the UGS, ertPS rtPS, nrtPS, and BE.

Impact
None.

Terms
Term Throughput Definition Throughput is the maximum transmission rate of the tested object (system, equipment, connection, service type) when no packet is discarded. Latency refers to the time it takes for the original data to go through a series of processing steps such as coding, to be transmitted through the channel, to arrive at the receiver, and to be decoded.

Latency

5-2

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Issue 03 (2010-03-19)

DBS3900 WiMAX Feature Configuration Guide

5 QoS

Term Jitter

Definition Generally, signals are not simply transmitted on communication channels from the transmitter to the receiver in a point-to-point manner. Instead, signals may be amplified or forwarded by repeaters. There is a process of storing, processing, and forwarding. In addition, the network conditions affect the transmission of signals. Therefore, the delay in the same service flow varies. The variation of packet delay is known as packet jitter. Because of the limited buffer size of network switching equipment and the interfering signals on the transmission links, packets may get lost on the transmission links. The packet loss rate is the ratio of the number of lost packets to the number of transmitted packets. The packet loss rate is an important yardstick for measuring the quality of communication links. A service flow is a unidirectional transmission service that is provided by the MAC layer and used to transmit packets. A service flow may be a downlink or uplink service flow and provides specific QoS functions. Each service flow can be described with a set of QoS parameters, such as delay, jitter, and throughput. IP path is a logical link with virtual bandwidth. The logical link is carried on the physical link in the IP network. IP path is a mechanism to perform access control for transmission resources.

Packet loss rate

Service flow

IP PATH

Acronyms and Abbreviations

Acronym or Abbreviation QoS MS SS MAC BS UGS rtPS ertPS nrtPS BE TOS DSCP Expansion Quality of Service Mobile Station Subscriber Station Medium Access Control Base Station Unsolicited grant service Real-time polling service Extended rtPS Non-real-time polling service Best effort Type of Service Differentiated Service Code Point

Issue 03 (2010-03-19)

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

5-3

5 QoS

DBS3900 WiMAX Feature Configuration Guide

5.2 Availability of QoS

This section describes the network elements (NEs) involved in the QoS feature and the version that supports the QoS feature.

NEs Involved
The QoS feature requires the joint work of the SS/MS, BS, and ASN-GW. If authentication is required, the AAA server must be configured. Table 5-1 lists the NEs involved in the QoS feature. Table 5-1 NEs involved in the QoS feature ASN SS/MS BS -GW AAA Server DHCP Server M2000 -

NOTE

In Table 5-1, is used to mark the NEs that are involved in this feature, and - is used to mark the NEs that are not involved in this feature.

Version Support
Table 5-2 lists the version that supports the QoS feature. Table 5-2 Version that supports the QoS feature Product BS DBS3900 WiMAX Version V300R002C03

License Restriction
The usage of the QoS feature is not controlled by a license.

5.3 Description of QoS

The Huawei WiMAX BS provides an end-to-end QoS solution, including the QoS mechanism of the R1 and R6 interfaces. The IEEE802.16e defines the QoS mechanism of the R1 interface in the WiMAX system. The QoS mechanism specifies the association between data packets on the MAC layer and a connection-oriented service flow. Each service flow is granted QoS parameters such as the service type, delay, jitter, and data rate. Efficient management and scheduling of service flows guarantees the satisfaction of QoS requirements.
5-4 Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Issue 03 (2010-03-19)

DBS3900 WiMAX Feature Configuration Guide

5 QoS

The QoS mechanism of the R6 interface focuses on transmission resources. It involves the following technologies: mapping between the QoS parameters and the R6 interface transmission priority, IP Differentiated Service, and IP flow shaping. 5.3.1 QoS Network Model This section describes the QoS network model in the Huawei WiMAX network. 5.3.2 QoS Application Objects and Parameters This section describes the QoS application objects and parameters. 5.3.3 QoS Transmission Control This section describes the QoS transmission control mechanism.

5.3.1 QoS Network Model

This section describes the QoS network model in the Huawei WiMAX network. The QoS feature is implemented mainly over the R1 and R6 interfaces. Figure 5-1 shows the subsystems and NE interface relations involved in the QoS feature. Figure 5-1 External interfaces of the WiMAX

Upon subscription, the QoS profile is configured on the AAA or the gateway. When a subscriber enters the network and the provisioned service flow is established, the QoS profile is delivered to the BS. The BS is responsible for service flow management and QoS scheduling.

5.3.2 QoS Application Objects and Parameters

This section describes the QoS application objects and parameters.

QoS Application Objects

l

Service-flow-oriented QoS IEEE802.16e defines five types of service flows: UGS, rtPS, ertPS, nrtPS, and BE. Different QoS parameters are defined for different types of service flows. The system implements scheduling according to the types of service flows and QoS parameters, thus

Issue 03 (2010-03-19)

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

5-5

5 QoS

DBS3900 WiMAX Feature Configuration Guide

meeting different QoS requirements of the service flows. Table 5-3 lists the typical applications that are supported by different service types. Table 5-3 Typical applications and parameters of QoS QoS Scheduling Service Type UGS Typical Service
l

Typical Bandwidth 50 kbit/s

Typical Delay 25 ms

Tolerated Jitter N/A

E1/T1 service with a fixed bit rate VoIP without silence suppression

rtPS ertPS

MPEG video service flow VoIP with silence suppression High-bandwidth FTP service flow Internet web browsing

5 kbit/s to 2 Mbit/s 32 kbit/s to 64 kbit/s 10 kbit/s to 2 Mbit/s 2 Mbit/s

N/A 160 ms

100 ms 5 ms

nrtPS

N/A

N/A

BE

N/A

N/A

Subscriber-oriented QoS Different subscriber priorities are defined to provide differential services for subscribers. The subscriber priorities are as follows: gold, silver, bronze, and common.

QoS Parameters
In a WiMAX system, QoS parameters are defined to describe the rules for scheduling service flows on the air interface. Each type of scheduling service corresponds to a set of QoS parameters, such as the delay, tolerated jitter, and bandwidth. Each type of service has its corresponding QoS parameter set. UGS The UGS supports real-time uplink service flows that transmit fixed-size packets on a periodic basis. The BS assigns a fixed bandwidth to the service flows with the service data on a real-time and periodic basis. In this way, the overheads used for requests from the MSs are reduced, and the real-time requirements of the service flows are met. Therefore, in a UGS service flow, data is sent at the bandwidth periodically granted by the BS, and the MS does not request a bandwidth from the BS. The QoS parameters of the UGS are as follows:
l

Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate (maximum sustaining rate)

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Issue 03 (2010-03-19)

5-6

DBS3900 WiMAX Feature Configuration Guide

5 QoS

This parameter indicates the average peak rate of data service flows. The average uplink rate of the service flows of an MS cannot exceed the value of this parameter. The BS limits the downlink rate at the network entry. The value range of this parameter depends on the transmission capabilities of the air interface and R6 interface and is related to the uplink and downlink transmission capabilities of the MS. If the value of this parameter is excessively high or low, the resource management algorithm is implemented to determine whether the service flow can be successfully established. The higher value the parameter has, the more resources are to be occupied. When total resources are insufficient, online subscribers decrease. If the value of the parameter is excessively low, the services are affected. Based on the current capabilities of the MS and the actual service requirements, the recommended value range of this parameter is from 256 kbit/s to 8 Mbit/s. Generally, operators can provide services at different rates, such as 512 kbit/s, 1 Mbit/s, and 2 Mbit/ s.
l

Request/Transmission Policy (transmission policy) This parameter is used to configure the attributes of service flows. In the latest IEEE 802.16e R2D7, this parameter can indicate the following policies:

Whether to support the broadcast of bandwidth requests (whether requests for uplink bandwidth use the opportunities broadcast by the BS) Whether to support multicast bandwidth requests (whether requests for uplink bandwidth use the opportunities multicast by the BS) Whether to support piggyback bandwidth requests (whether to use a tag in the protocol data header of the uplink services to request bandwidth for the MS; if piggyback bandwidth requests are supported, the uplink resource efficiency is improved) Whether to support segmentation (whether to divide service data units (SDUs) that exceed the available resource length into multiple schedulable SDUs during scheduling; if segmentation is supported, oversized SDUs can be scheduled quickly) Whether to support PHS (whether to support load header compression; if load header compression is supported, bandwidth is saved because only one load header is transmitted when the same load and SDUs are transmitted) Whether to support packing (whether to merge multiple small SDUs into a large protocol data unit (PDU); if packing is supported, the number of protocol data headers to be transmitted is reduced, and bandwidth is saved) Whether to support CRC (whether to perform CRC during the transmission of data; if CRC is supported, the check results are appended to the PDUs) Whether to support ROHC (ROHC is an efficient method of compressing RTP/UDP/ IP headers)

In the current versions of Huawei WiMAX base station and ASN-GW, this parameter can indicate the following policies:
l

Whether to support the broadcast of bandwidth requests Whether to support piggyback bandwidth requests Whether to support segmentation Whether to support PHS Whether to support packing Whether to support CRC

Maximum Latency (maximum delay time) This parameter indicates the maximum interval between the reception of a packet at the BS or MS and the transmission of the packet through the RF part. The lower value the parameter

Issue 03 (2010-03-19)

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

5-7

5 QoS

DBS3900 WiMAX Feature Configuration Guide

has, the more resources are to be occupied. When total resources are insufficient, other services may be affected. If the value of the parameter is excessively high, the customer satisfaction is affected.
l

Tolerated Jitter (maximum tolerated variation time) This parameter indicates the maximum change in the delay. Generally, signals are not simply transmitted on communication channels from the transmitter to the receiver in a point-to-point manner. Instead, signals may be amplified or forwarded by repeaters. There is a process of storing, processing, and forwarding. In addition, the network conditions affect the transmission of signals. Therefore, the delay in the same service flow varies. The Tolerated Jitter parameter indicates the maximum change in the delay that can be tolerated. The parameter is configured according to the actual services. The lower value the parameter has, the more resources are to be occupied. When total resources are insufficient, other services may be affected. If the value of the parameter is excessively high, the customer satisfaction is affected.

SDUFLG (SDU flag) The value of this parameter may be fixed or variable. If the value of this parameter is set to fixed, the size of the SDU needs to be set. Generally, IP traffic is carried, and the sizes of IP packets vary. Therefore, the value of this parameter is set to variable.

SDU Size (SDU size) If the value of the parameter is excessively high, the BS cannot process data properly or the MS cannot support the value. If the value of the parameter is excessively low, data transmission may be affected. The parameter is set on the BS according to the actual conditions. The default value is recommended. When the value of the SDU flag parameter is set to fixed, this parameter must be set. The size of the SDU cannot exceed 254 bytes.

Unsolicited Grant Interval (Unsolicited Grant Interval) This parameter indicates the grant interval for a service flow that does not request any grant. It is a 16-bit unsigned integer. The value range is 0 to 65535 (in milliseconds). If the parameter is set to a high value, the continuity of real-time services is affected. If the parameter is set to a low value, the bandwidth is wasted.

rtPS The real-time polling service (rtPS) supports real-time uplink service flows that transmit variable-size packets on a periodic basis, for example, the MPEG video service flow. In the rtPS, the BS offers real-time, periodic, and unicast request opportunities, which enable the service flow to inform the BS of its variable requirements for bandwidth on a periodic basis. In this manner, the BS can grant variable burst bandwidth on a periodic basis for the service flow to transmit variable-size packets. The rtPS requires more request overheads than the UGS but supports variable grant sizes for the optimum data transmission efficiency. The QoS parameters of the rtPS are as follows:
l

Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate (minimum guaranteed rate) This parameter indicates the minimum data rate reserved by the service flow. The BS offers the bandwidth required by the minimum data rate reserved by the service flow. If the bandwidth required by the service flow is less than the reserved bandwidth, the BS can use the remaining part of the reserved bandwidth for other purposes. The higher value the parameter has, the more resources are occupied. When total resources are insufficient,

5-8

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Issue 03 (2010-03-19)

DBS3900 WiMAX Feature Configuration Guide

5 QoS

online subscribers decrease. If the value of the parameter is excessively low, the services are affected.
l l l l l

Request/Transmission Policy (transmission policy) Maximum Latency (maximum delay time) SDUFLG (SDU flag) SDU Size (SDU size) Maximum Traffic Burst (Maximum burst length) Burst transmission is a type of intermittent data transmission mode. In burst transmission, data generated at a low rate is buffered by the transmitter. When the buffered data is enough to form a data group, the data is transmitted at a rate dozens of times faster than the rate at which the data is generated. The receiver buffers the received data and forwards the data to subscribers at normal rates. The maximum burst length is determined by the buffering capabilities and maximum sustained service rate. Within a proper range, an increase in the buffers raises the transmission rate.

Traffic Priority (optional) (Flow Priority) This parameter indicates the priority of the same service flow. For two service flows identical in all QoS parameters except the priority, the service flow with a higher priority has a lower delay and a higher buffering priority. For service flows with different QoS parameters, the priorities are not determined by the priority parameter when the priority parameter conflicts with the QoS parameters.

ertPS The extended real-time polling service (ertPS) is designed to support real-time service flows that generate variable-size packets on a periodic basis, such as VoIP with silence suppression. The ertPS is a scheduling mechanism that builds on the efficiency of both the UGS and the rtPS. The BS offers unicast grants in an unsolicited manner like in UGS, thus reducing the delay of requests for bandwidth. UGS allocations are fixed in size, whereas ertPS allocations are dynamic. The BS can provide periodic uplink bandwidth allocations that can be used for requesting bandwidth and data transmission. By default, the sizes of allocations correspond to the current value of the parameter Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate of the service flow. The MS may request a change in the size of the uplink allocation by using the Extended Piggyback Request field of the grant management subheaders or the BR field of the MAC signaling headers, or by sending a codeword over the channel quality indicator channel (CQICH). The BS does not change the size of uplink allocations until it receives another request for bandwidth change from the MS. The QoS parameters of the ertPS are as follows:
l l

Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate (maximum sustaining rate) Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate (minimum guaranteed rate) This parameter indicates the minimum data rate reserved by the service flow. The BS offers the bandwidth required by the minimum data rate reserved by the service flow. In the ertPS, the reserved traffic rate is generally set to the same value as the maximum sustained traffic rate. On the downlink, bandwidth is allocated according to the data amount but cannot exceed the maximum sustained traffic rate. On the uplink, the maximum sustained traffic rate is always allocated. If the remaining bandwidth of the BS is below the maximum sustained traffic rate when a service flow is established, the service flow cannot be successfully established.

Request/Transmission Policy (transmission policy)

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 5-9

Issue 03 (2010-03-19)

5 QoS
l l l l l l l

DBS3900 WiMAX Feature Configuration Guide

Maximum Latency (maximum delay time) Tolerated Jitter (maximum tolerated variation time) SDUFLG (SDU flag) SDU Size (SDU size) Maximum Traffic Burst (Maximum burst length) Traffic Priority (optional) (Flow Priority) Unsolicited Grant Interval (Unsolicited Grant Interval)

nrtPS The non-real-time polling service (nrtPS) is designed to support non-real-time uplink service flows that transmit variable-size packets on a non-periodic basis, such as high-bandwidth FTP service flows. The BS offers unicast polls on a regular basis, which ensures that the service flow receives request opportunities even during network congestion. The service flow can also send requests for bandwidth in a competitive manner. The QoS parameters of the nrtPS are as follows:
l

Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate (minimum guaranteed rate) If the bandwidth required by the service flow is less than the reserved bandwidth, the BS can use the remaining part of the reserved bandwidth for other purposes.

l l l l l l

Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate (maximum sustaining rate) Request/Transmission Policy (transmission policy) SDUFLG (SDU flag) SDU Size (SDU size) Maximum Traffic Burst (Maximum burst length) Traffic Priority (optional) (Flow Priority)

BE The best-effort (BE) service is designed to offer best-effort transmission and has the lowest priority. A BE service flow can use transmission opportunities offered by unicast polls or send bandwidth requests in a competitive manner. The probability of the BE service flow using opportunities offered by unicast polls depends on the load on the network. If the load on the network is light, the BE service flow may probably have transmission opportunities. If the load on the network is heavy, the probability of transmission opportunities is slim or even none. Therefore, when transmitting BE service flows, the MS cannot rely on transmission opportunities offered by unicast polls. The network does not guarantee the QoS for BE service flows. The QoS parameters of the BE service are as follows:
l l l l l

Maximum Sustained Traffic Rate (maximum sustaining rate) Request/Transmission Policy (transmission policy) SDUFLG (SDU flag) SDU Size (SDU size) Traffic Priority (optional) (Flow Priority)
Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Issue 03 (2010-03-19)

5-10

DBS3900 WiMAX Feature Configuration Guide

5 QoS

BE starvation prevention In actual situations, the BE service may be starved. To prevent the BE service from starvation, the algorithm switch and the rate of reserved resources are configured. This prevention method is applicable to the BE service instead of a specific BE service flow. That is, the setting of the resource reservation rate for the BE service is based on the total number of resources. The following table lists the parameters related to BE starvation prevention. Table 5-4 Parameters related to BE starvation prevention Parameter AntiBEStavSwicher Description BE starvation prevention switch Default Value OFF Remarks This is a carrier-level parameter. It can be modified only after the carrier is deactivated. This is a carrier-level parameter. It can be modified only after the carrier is deactivated. This is a carrier-level parameter. It can be modified only after the carrier is deactivated.

LBE_UL

Rate of uplink load reserved for the BE service

5%

LBE_DL

Rate of downlink load reserved for the BE service

15%

5.3.3 QoS Transmission Control

This section describes the QoS transmission control mechanism. The QoS transmission control mechanism defines the mapping relation between the transmission bearer priorities and the WiMAX R6 interface transmission resource configuration and traffic. It addresses many problems, for example, how to guarantee the service QoS, bandwidth utility rate, and user fairness in the scenarios such as fixed transmission bandwidth, dynamically changing bandwidth, branching transmission, and load balance. The QoS transmission control involves the transmission differentiated service, transmission admission control, and transmission overload control.

Differentiated Transmission Service

In the differentiated transmission service, different priorities are assigned to the user data, including five types of scheduling service data, signaling data, and maintenance data. This enables different transmission priorities. Under the circumstance of network congestion, the traffic with higher priority will take precedence in transmission.

Issue 03 (2010-03-19)

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

5-11

5 QoS

DBS3900 WiMAX Feature Configuration Guide

Differentiated transmission services use two types of rules. One is based on the priority indicator in TOS field of the IP header; the other is the DSCP value in TOS. Currently, only the latter rule is supported.

Transmission Admission Control

Transmission admission control: Uplink and downlink admission control is implemented according to the admission thresholds of different types and levels of services. High-priority services (such as the UGS) of high-priority users (such as handover users) are admitted on a preferential basis. The number of admitted users is limited with the aim of guaranteeing the quality of ongoing services.

Transmission Overload Control

In the case of system overload, the transmission overload control mechanism enables the system to remove low-priority service connections according to the transmission overload threshold and clearance threshold. When the system load becomes normal, the system congestion is automatically and quickly cleared.

5.4 Operations Related to QoS

This section describes how to activate and deactivate the QoS feature. 5.4.1 Activating the QoS Feature If authentication is carried out, you need to activate the QoS feature over the R1 interface through the graphic user interface (GUI) of the Web Management Access System (WMAS) on the AAA. For details, see the documentation delivered with the AAA. If authentication is not carried out, you need to run relevant commands on the gateway to activate the QoS feature over the R1 interface. For details, see the documentation delivered with the gateway. You need to run MML commands on the M2000 or the LMT of the WiMAX BS to activate the QoS feature over the R6 interface. 5.4.2 Deactivating the QoS Feature The QoS is a mandatory feature. Deactivating this feature renders all the WiMAX SSs on the network unable to transmit any service data. You are advised not to deactivate this feature.

5.4.1 Activating the QoS Feature

If authentication is carried out, you need to activate the QoS feature over the R1 interface through the graphic user interface (GUI) of the Web Management Access System (WMAS) on the AAA. For details, see the documentation delivered with the AAA. If authentication is not carried out, you need to run relevant commands on the gateway to activate the QoS feature over the R1 interface. For details, see the documentation delivered with the gateway. You need to run MML commands on the M2000 or the LMT of the WiMAX BS to activate the QoS feature over the R6 interface.

Procedure
l Run the relevant commands on the AAA or the gateway to activate the QoS feature over the R1 interface. Assume that the commands are run on the gateway. Data Collection
5-12 Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Issue 03 (2010-03-19)

DBS3900 WiMAX Feature Configuration Guide

5 QoS

QoS template of a service flow

Template index: 1 Direction (upward or downward): UPWARD Media stream type: VOD Scheduling type: UGS Transmission policy: NOBCREQ-0&NOPIGGYBACK-0&NODEFRAG-0&NOSUPPRESS-0&NOPA CK-0&NOCRC-0 (No transmission policy is adopted.) SDU flag: Variable Maximum sustained traffic rate: 1,171,200 bit/s Minimum sustained traffic rate: 1,171,200 bit/s Tolerated jitter: 50 ms Maximum latency: 5 ms Template index: 2 Direction (upward or downward): DOWNWARD Downlink paging flag: ENABLE (Paging is enabled.) Media stream type: VOD Scheduling type: UGS Transmission policy: NOBCREQ-0&NOPIGGYBACK-0&NODEFRAG-0&NOSUPPRESS-0&NOPA CK-0&NOCRC-0 (No transmission policy is adopted.) SDU flag: Variable Maximum sustained traffic rate: 1,171,200 bit/s Minimum sustained traffic rate: 1,171,200 bit/s Tolerated jitter: 50 ms Maximum latency: 5 ms Classifier index: 1 Protocol type: TCP Mask of the destination IP address: 255.255.255.0 Destination IP address: 10.1.1.1 Mask of the source IP address: 255.255.255.0 Source IP address: 10.2.2.2 Lower threshold of the IP service type/DSCP: 0 Upper threshold of the IP service type/DSCP: 240 Mask of the IP service type/DSCP: 255 Classifier index: 2 Protocol type: TCP Mask of the destination IP address: 255.255.255.0 Destination IP address: 10.10.10.1
Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 5-13

Parameters of the classifier

Issue 03 (2010-03-19)

5 QoS

DBS3900 WiMAX Feature Configuration Guide

Mask of the source IP address: 255.255.255.0 Source IP address: 10.20.20.2 Lower threshold of the IP service type/DSCP: 0 Upper threshold of the IP service type/DSCP: 240 Mask of the IP service type/DSCP: 255 Class number of the service flow: 1, 2 Direction (upward or downward): UPWARD, DOWNWARD Classifier priority: priority 1 for the classifier with index 1; priority 2 for the classifier with index 2 QoS template index: 1 QoS priority: 6 (Value range: 0 to 7. A greater number indicates a higher priority of the service flow.)

Template of a service flow

Configure four subscriber levels on AAA: gold, silver, bronze, and common. For details on configuration methods, see the documentation delivered with the AAA. By default, all subscribers are configured as common subscribers. According to various operation policies, on the M2000 or the LMT of the WiMAX BS, run the MOD QOSFACTOR command to configure the priority weight factor for each gold, silver, bronze, and common subscriber. By default, the priority weight factors for gold, silver, bronze, and common subscribers are 4, 3, 2, and 1 respectively. Run MML commands on the M2000 or the LMT of the WiMAX BS to activate the QoS feature over the R6 interface. When activating the QoS feature over the R6 interface, you need to configure the logical interface for transmission, the IP path, and the priorities of differential services. In addition, the transmission differentiated service, transmission admission control function, and transmission overload control function can be configured to meet requirements of the customer. 1. Run the ADD LGCPORT command to configure the logical interface. Example:
ADD LGCPORT: CN=0, SRN=0, SN=7, LPN=6, SSN=0, PT=ETH, PN=1, TXBW=150000, RX BW=150000, TXCBS=200000, TXEBS=200000, TXSSW=OFF, RTMP=6, TXRTFC=26, RXRTFC=24;

2.

Run the ADD IPPATH command to configure the QoS parameters of the IP PATH and logical interface (R6 interface). Example:
ADD IPPATH: PATHID=128, CN=0, SRN=0, SN=6, LPN=0, LOCALIP="172.16.12.251", PEERIP="192.168.1.155", PATHTYPE=ANY, PATHCHK=ENABLED;
NOTE

The IP path is configured for a specific logical interface, the IP address of the BS is the interface IP address, and the IP address of the gateway is the physical or logical IP address of the gateway.

3.

Run the SET DIFPRI command to configure the priorities of differentiated services.

5-14

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Issue 03 (2010-03-19)

DBS3900 WiMAX Feature Configuration Guide

NOTE

5 QoS

l l

Configuring the priorities of differentiated services refers to specifying the DSCP priorities of services. If this step is not performed, the system uses the default DSCP priorities for services. The configuration of differentiated services takes effect after the BS is restarted.

For example, to configure the priorities of differentiated services (priority rule: DSCP, signaling priority: 48, VLAN priority for signaling: 6, OAM priority:32, OAMVLAN priority: 3, OAM FTP priority: 1, OAM FTP VLAN priority: 0), run the following command:
SET DIFPRI: PRIRULE=DSCP, SIGPRI=48, SIGVLANPRI=6, OAMPRI=32, OAMVLANPRI=4, OAMFTPPRI=1, OAMFTPVLANPRI=0, DT1PRI=46, DT1VLANPRI =6 , DT2PRI=34, DT2VLANPRI=4, DT3PRI=46, DT3VLANPRI=6, DT4PRI=10, DT4VLANPRI=1, DT5PRI=18, DT5VLANPRI=2, DT6PRI=26, DT6VLANPRI=3, DT7PR I=0, DT7VLANPRI=0;

4.

Run the SET TACALG command to configure transmission admission control. For example, you need to configure transmission admission control. The uplink and downlink admission thresholds of high-priority subscribers (handover subscribers) are 85%, and those of new subscribers are 75%. That is, when the system load is less than 75%, all subscribers can access the network; when the system load is between 75% and 85%, only high-priority subscribers can access the network; when the system load is greater than 85%, no subscriber can access the network. When the value of USERDATATYPE5GBR is set to 100, the current bandwidth is reserved for nonreal-time services such as BE services.
SET TACALG: TRMULCACSWITCH=ON, TRMDLCACSWITCH=ON, TRMULVIPUSERCACTH=85, TRMULUSERCACTH=85, TRMDLVIPUSERCACTH=75, TRMDLUSERCACTH=75, USERDATATYPE5GBR=100, USERDATATYPE1ACTFACTOR=100, USERDATATYPE2ACTFACTOR=100, USERDATATYPE3ACTFACTOR=100, USERDATATYPE4ACTFACTOR=100, USERDATATYPE5ACTFACTOR=100;

5.

Run the SET TOLCALG command to configure transmission overload control. For example, to configure the overload control switch (uplink overload control switch: disabled, downlink overload control switch: enabled, threshold for triggering uplink overload control: 100%, threshold for releasing uplink overload control: 0%, latency of triggering overload control: 0 ms, overload control period: 100s, and number of service flows periodically released after overload: 0), run the following command:
SET TOLCALG: TRMULOLCSWITCH=OFF, TRMDLOLCSWITCH=ON, TRMULOLCTRIGTH=100, TRMULO LCRELTH=0, TRMDLOLCTRIGTH=100, TRMDLOLCRELTH=0, TRMOLCTIMETRG=0, TRMOLCACTIONPRD =100, TRMOLCRELBEARERNUM=0;

----End

Verifying the QoS Feature

You need to enter the network with a WiMAX MS/SS, and check whether service flows can be established. If service flows can be established, the QoS feature is successfully activated. If service flows cannot be established, the QoS feature fails to be activated.

5.4.2 Deactivating the QoS Feature

The QoS is a mandatory feature. Deactivating this feature renders all the WiMAX SSs on the network unable to transmit any service data. You are advised not to deactivate this feature.

Issue 03 (2010-03-19)

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

5-15

5 QoS

DBS3900 WiMAX Feature Configuration Guide

5.5 Maintenance Information of QoS

This section describes the parameters and performance counters related to the QoS feature.

Parameters
For the parameters related to the QoS feature, see the documents of the WASN9770.

Performance Counters
For the performance counters related to the QoS feature, see Times of Deregistration due to Carrier Caused by BS Device Fault.

5.6 Reference Information of QoS

The protocols that the QoS feature complies with are IEEE 802.16-2004/Cor2/D3 with latest SRD and WiMAX Forum Network Architecture Release 1.2.0.

5-16

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Issue 03 (2010-03-19)