Digital Lifestyles

Official Microsoft E-Learning Course
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2699BE Digital Lifestyles
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Table of Contents
Course Overview Course Information Module 1: Digital Lifestyles The Digital Experience Introduction to Digital Audio Introduction to Digital Video Introduction to Digital Photography Digital Technology and Career Opportunities Module Summary Glossary
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Course Information
This course explains the role of digital technology in everyday life. It also explains the basic concepts and features of digital audio, video, and photography.
Course Details Description
Audience Description Prerequisites
This course is intended for anyone who wants to acquire digital literacy skills.
Students should have basic reading and comprehension skills at the level required to read a local newspaper. Students should have taken the first course on Computer Basics, or have equivalent computer skills.
Course Objectives
After completing this course, you will be able to understand the role of digital technology in everyday life. You will also be able to understand the characteristics of digital audio, video, and photography. You will also be able to identify the different career opportunities that are available to people who have an adequate knowledge of computers.
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Module 1
Digital Lifestyles
Module Contents The Digital Experience Introduction to Digital Audio Introduction to Digital Video Introduction to Digital Photography Digital Technology and Career Opportunities Module Summary
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Module Introduction
Digital technology is used in all areas of life today. It has changed the way people work and entertain themselves. This module explains the scope of digital technology at home, at work, and at play. It also identifies the different career opportunities made available because of the extensive use of computers in various fields.
Module Objectives
After completing this module, you will be able to: Explain the scope of digital technology. Explain the basic concepts and features of digital audio. Explain the basic concepts and features of digital video. Explain the advantages and basic features of digital photography. Explain the different career opportunities made available by computing.
Digital technology has changed the way people work and play. Due to the advancement in digital technology, there are various digital devices available in the market today. Before buying a digital device, such as a portable audio player or video player, you should do extensive research on the various devices available in the market. It is also important to understand the different features of each digital device. In addition, it is important to familiarize yourself with the various digital devices and digital terminology. This module helps you understand the basic concepts and features of digital audio, video, and photography. This module also provides you with a brief description of the career opportunities made available to you if you have basic knowledge of computers.
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Lesson 1
The Digital Experience
Lesson Contents
Benefits of Digital Technology
Digital Technology and Media Devices
Self Test
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Lesson Introduction
The modern digital experience involves the transition from traditional devices to multipurpose digital devices. For example, earlier, traditional wired phones were used to communicate with people. With the introduction of digital technology, mobile phones small wireless phones came into the market. These phones were not only used to communicate with people, but also to store telephone numbers of contacts and send messages to other mobile phone users. Today, some of the latest mobile phones help you do all this and also connect to the Internet or take pictures by using a built-in camera. This lesson introduces you to digital technology and its benefits. It also introduces you to merging technologies.
Lesson Objectives
After completing this lesson, you will be able to: Describe the benefits of digital technology. Explain how digital technology expands the features of media devices.
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Topic:
Benefits of Digital Technology
Digital technology has changed the way you manage your work, communicate with others, and entertain yourself. For example, with the use of digital technology, you can download music from the Internet to your computer, copy music on a recordable compact disc (CD), and listen to music by using a CD player. The table below describes the ways in which digital technology has changed how you can perform the following activities.
Activity Description
Storing and sharing pictures
An important area where people use digital technology is photography. Digital photography, unlike traditional photography, uses digital cameras that store pictures in a digital format. When these pictures are transferred to a computer, you can use software to improve their quality. You can share these pictures with your relatives and friends by uploading them to a Web site or by using e-mail programs.
Recording and sharing videos
You can also use digital technology to record video. For example, you can use a digital camcorder to record a video of family occasions and parties in a digital format. You can transfer the recorded videos to a computer and then share them with your friends by copying the videos to a recordable CD or digital versatile disc (DVD). You can then view these videos by using a CD or a DVD player. You can also upload small video clips to a Web site or send them to your friends or relatives by using e-mail programs. A digital video is easier to edit when compared with traditional video. You edit a digital video by using digital video editing software. For example, you can rearrange or remove scenes and add special effects.
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Communicating with business associates
Digital technology is also useful for business purposes. Now, you do not have to travel to different places to attend business meetings and conferences. You can connect your computer to the Internet and conduct or attend live meetings and conferences from any location by using videoconferencing. For videoconferencing, you need a microphone, a video camera, and an Internet or any other private, intranet, global wide area network (WAN) connection to transmit audio and video. As a result, you can see and listen to people who are participating in the videoconference.
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Topic:
Digital Technology and Media Devices
Today, the functions of telephones, cameras, video recorders, media players, and Internet devices are being merged into a single portable device. The table below describes how merging technologies affect some commonly used digital devices and their features.
Devices Description
Audio and Video Players
MPEG Audio Layer 3 (MP3) players, CD players, and DVD players are examples of audio and video players. You can use MP3 players to play audio whereas you can use CD players and DVD players to play audio or video. If you have multipurpose CD players or DVD players, you can use them to play audio, video, and MP3 files. MP3 is a format that helps reduce the size of the files dramatically while having a small impact on quality. You can transfer MP3 files from a computer to an MP3 player.
Mobile Phones
A mobile phone is a wireless device that provides the capabilities of a traditional wired phone and allows you to make a call from almost any location. You can use a Webenabled mobile phone to connect to the Internet, check your e-mail messages, or download songs and games from the Internet. If you have a mobile phone that has camera and multimedia features, you can take pictures, record short video clips, and play music and games. You can transmit pictures and videos from one mobile phone to another or to another person by using e-mail.
Video Game Systems
Microsoft Xbox is an example of a video game system that is similar to a personal computer. An Xbox has a motherboard and a hard disk and supports online gaming. You play games on an Xbox by using an Xbox game disk. You can also transfer audio files from audio CDs to the hard drive of an Xbox. Therefore, you can use an Xbox as an audio player. You can also play movie DVDs by using the latest Xbox system.
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Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs)
A PDA is a handheld computer that is used as a personal organizer. A traditional PDA includes features, such as an address book, task list, and a calculator. You can connect a PDA to a computer to transfer information. If you have a Web-enabled PDA, you can connect it to the Internet, send and receive e-mail messages, and play multimedia files over the Internet. Some PDAs also contain a built-in digital camera. A smart phone is a mobile phone that provides the functions of a PDA in a phone. You can use a smart phone to access the Internet, play games, take pictures, and listen to songs. A digital camera stores images digitally on a memory device, such as a flash memory card or a mini hard disk, whereas a traditional camera stores images on film. Some digital cameras allow you to print images by connecting your digital camera directly to a digital printer.
Digital Cameras
Digital Video Cameras
You can use a digital video camera to record video and store it in a digital format. Digital camcorders and webcams are examples of digital video cameras. You can use a digital camcorder to record both video and audio and store it in a digital format on a storage device, such as a recordable CD or DVD. A webcam is also a digital video camera that captures images and transmits the images across the Internet. The images are transferred either continuously or at regular intervals of time. Webcams can be connected to a computer, or they can be wireless.
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Topic:
Self Test for Lesson: The Digital Experience
Each pair of statements contains a true statement and a false statement. For each pair of statements, indicate which statement is true by placing a mark in the True column to the right. Statement 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 A smart phone CANNOT organize and store information. A smart phone CAN organize and store information. An XBOX is used to organize information. A PDA is used to organize information. A CAMCORDER is used to record video. An XBOX is used to record video. You CAN edit photographs taken using a digital camera. You CANNOT edit photographs taken using a digital camera. A digital camera stores images in its MEMORY. A digital camera stores images on FILM. You CAN play games online by using an Xbox. You CANNOT play games online by using an Xbox. Videoconferencing can be held between MULTIPLE people. Videoconferencing can be held between only TWO people. A webcam IS NOT a digital video camera. A webcam IS a digital video camera. A digital camcorder records ONLY audio. A digital camcorder records BOTH audio and video. True False
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Note: The correct answers are shown on the next page.
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Statement 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 A smart phone CANNOT organize and store information. A smart phone CAN organize and store information. An XBOX is used to organize information. A PDA is used to organize information. A CAMCORDER is used to record video. An XBOX is used to record video. You CAN edit photographs taken using a digital camera. You CANNOT edit photographs taken using a digital camera. A digital camera stores images in its MEMORY. A digital camera stores images on FILM. You CAN play games online by using an Xbox. You CANNOT play games online by using an Xbox. Videoconferencing can be held between MULTIPLE people. Videoconferencing can be held between only TWO people. A webcam IS NOT a digital video camera. A webcam IS a digital video camera. A digital camcorder records ONLY audio. A digital camcorder records BOTH audio and video.
True
False
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Lesson 2
Introduction to Digital Audio
Lesson Contents
Characteristics of Digital Audio
Overview of Copying and Converting Digital Audio
Speech Recognition and Synthesis
Digital Audio
Self Test
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Lesson Introduction
Audio is of two types, analog and digital. When you speak, the sound you create is in the analog or wave format. The sound that you hear is also in analog format. Computers are basically digital devices. Therefore, it is necessary to convert audio from the analog format to the digital format before using it on a computer. Digital audio technology allows you to record, edit, and play digital audio files on a computer. Digital audio technology also lets you communicate with the computer by just speaking. This lesson introduces you to digital audio technology. It also briefly describes the concepts of copying and converting digital audio.
Lesson Objectives
After completing this lesson, you will be able to: Identify the various characteristics of digital audio. Explain the concepts of recording, copying, and converting digital audio. Identify the features of speech technologies.
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Topic:
Characteristics of Digital Audio
One of the important characteristics of digital audio is that it can be compressed. Audio files are generally large. Compressed audio files save space, allow portability, and are easier to transfer over the Internet. When you compress audio files, the quality of the audio file is generally affected. Another important characteristic of digital audio is that it can be edited on a computer by using audio editing software. For example, you can use this software to move sections within an audio file or add effects. You can also use audio editing software to store an audio file in different formats on the computer. There are number of audio file formats that different programs use for different purposes. Some of the common formats that you need to be familiar with are: Wave (WAV): This format is part of a series of standards for audio and video developed for Microsoft Windows 95 as a universal sound file format. It is used to store audio files in the wave audio format. Audio files stored in this format have good audio quality but this format is used sparingly these days. This is because the audio files in this format are larger when compared with other formats. MPEG Audio Layer 3 (MP3): This format was developed by Motion Picture Expert Group to allow compression of audio and video for digital distribution. The MP3 format is a popular format that is used to store digital audio files. This is because MP3 files are generally smaller than WAV files. Windows Media Audio (WMA): This format was developed by Microsoft and is used to store digital audio files.
Digital audio also allows streaming of digital audio files. With audio streaming, you do not have to wait to completely download a large audio file from the Internet to play it. Instead, you can use a streaming audio player or a browser add-in to play the audio file from the Internet. In this case, the audio file is sent to your computer in a continuous stream.
Note:
You can also stream video files over the Internet.
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Topic:
Overview of Copying and Converting Digital Audio
Digital recording is the technique of recording and storing audio files in a digital format. You can then copy the stored audio files to storage devices, such as recordable CDs and DVDs, in various formats, such as WAV and MP3. You can also convert audio from a CD or a DVD to a different format before you store it on your computers hard disk. The following table describes the concepts of copying audio and converting audio.
Concept Description
Copying audio
You can copy audio from storage devices, such as a computers hard disk, and store it on a recordable CD or DVD. This process of copying audio and storing it on a recordable CD or DVD is referred to as burning. You need a special hardware device, such as a CD writer or a DVD writer, for burning. A CD writer allows you to burn only recordable CDs whereas most DVD writers allow you to burn recordable CDs and DVDs. Along with hardware, you also need software to copy audio to a recordable CD or DVD. You can use the software to create different types of CDs. You can create data CDs, audio CDs, and mixed mode CDs. Mixed mode CDs contain audio, video, and data files. For example, you can create an audio CD and add video files and text files to it to create a mixed mode CD. Copying audio directly from the Internet and storing it on recordable CDs is illegal. It is also illegal to copy music from CDs and DVDs. Ensure that you have permission before you copy any material.
Converting audio
You can convert audio from a CD or a DVD to a different format before storing it on a computers hard disk. For example, you can convert your favorite song from a CD to an MP3 file before storing it on the computer. You must have audio conversion software, such as Microsoft Windows Media Player 11, installed on your computer to convert audio files. The software changes the format of the audio and might also compress the audio so that the files take up less space on the hard disk. You can then transfer these audio files from the computer to a digital device, such as a PDA, a mobile phone, or an MP3 player. Converting audio from CDs and DVDs to a different format is illegal. Ensure that you have permission to convert audio to a different format before converting
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it.
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Topic:
Speech Recognition and Synthesis
Digital audio technology allows you to interact with the computer by just speaking. This helps improve productivity and empowers challenged users to expand their ability to use computers. The following table introduces two speech technologies, speech synthesis and speech recognition.
Technology Description
Speech synthesis
Imagine a scenario. Eric Andersen has finished writing his short story. Eric wants to read the short story once before sending it to the publisher, but is tired. Therefore, he decides to use the speech synthesis feature, also referred to as the text-to-speech feature in Microsoft Windows Vista, to listen to the short story. Speech synthesis is a technology that allows the computer to speak to you by converting text to digital audio. Windows Vista has a built-in screen reader called Narrator that supports speech synthesis. A screen reader is a program that reads the text on the computer screen aloud. To support speech synthesis, your computer must be equipped with a sound card and speakers. You can configure the text-to-speech feature in Windows Vista by using the Ease of Access link in Control Panel.
Speech recognition
Imagine a scenario. Eric Andersen is using Microsoft Office Word 2007 to write a short story. However, his typing speed is slow and it takes him a long time to complete the story. To solve this problem, Erics friend advises him to use the speech recognition feature of Windows Vista. Speech recognition is a technology that allows you to communicate with a computer by using only your voice to enter text and to issue commands. To enable speech recognition, you need an audio input device, such as a microphone, a sound card, and speech recognition software that converts human speech into text or commands for the computer. You can use speech recognition technology to interact with various programs. For example, you can use it to browse the Internet or enter text in documents. The speech recognition feature is readily available in operating systems, such as Windows Vista. You can configure the speech recognition feature in Windows Vista by using the Ease of Access link in Control Panel.
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Topic:
Digital Audio
Each pair of statements contains a true statement and a false statement. For each pair of statements, indicate which statement is true by placing a mark in the True column to the right. Statement 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 You CANNOT change the format of audio files. You CAN change the format of some audio files. MP3 format ALLOWS compression of audio files. MP3 format DOES NOT ALLOW compression of audio files. Converting audio from CDs and DVDs to a different format is ILLEGAL. Converting audio from CDs and DVDs to a different format is LEGAL. You NEED software to convert audio from a CD. You DO NOT NEED software to convert audio from a CD. When converting audio, the audio file MAY BE compressed. When converting audio, the audio file IS NEVER compressed. When converting audio, the format IS NOT changed. When converting audio, the format IS changed. You can browse the Internet using SPEECH SYNTHESIS technology. You can browse the Internet using SPEECH RECOGNITION technology. A DVD writer can copy audio to CDs AND DVDs. A DVD writer can copy audio to ONLY DVDs. You NEED software to copy audio to CDs and DVDs. You DO NOT NEED software to copy audio to CDs and DVDs. True False
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Statement 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 You CANNOT change the format of audio files. You CAN change the format of some audio files. MP3 format ALLOWS compression of audio files. MP3 format DOES NOT ALLOW compression of audio files. Converting audio from CDs and DVDs to a different format is ILLEGAL. Converting audio from CDs and DVDs to a different format is LEGAL. You NEED software to convert audio from a CD. You DO NOT NEED software to convert audio from a CD. When converting audio, the audio file MAY BE compressed. When converting audio, the audio file IS NEVER compressed. When converting audio, the format IS NOT changed. When converting audio, the format IS changed. You can browse the Internet using SPEECH SYNTHESIS technology. You can browse the Internet using SPEECH RECOGNITION technology. A DVD writer can copy audio to CDs AND DVDs. A DVD writer can copy audio to ONLY DVDs. You NEED software to copy audio to CDs and DVDs. You DO NOT NEED software to copy audio to CDs and DVDs.
True
False
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Topic:
Self Test for Lesson: Introduction to Digital Audio
Question 1 Which of the following is a characteristic of audio streaming? Select all answers that apply. It sends the audio file to your computer in a continuous stream. It allows you to listen to digital audio without first downloading the entire file. It allows you to transfer analog audio files. It needs a browser add-in or streaming audio player to play audio files. Question 2 Which of the following is a feature of speech synthesis? Select the one best answer. It allows you to communicate with the computer by using your voice. It essentially requires a microphone. It allows your computer to convert text to audio. It allows you to enter text in word-processing documents. Question 3 Which of the following statements are true when copying audio to a recordable CD or DVD? Select all answers that apply. The process of copying audio to a recordable CD or DVD is also called burning. You need a special hardware device such as a CD writer to copy audio to a recordable CD or DVD. Copying audio directly from the Internet to a recordable CD or DVD is legal. Copying audio from CDs and DVDs is illegal.
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Answer 1 Which of the following is a characteristic of audio streaming? Select all answers that apply. It sends the audio file to your computer in a continuous stream. It allows you to listen to digital audio without first downloading the entire file. It allows you to transfer analog audio files. It needs a browser add-in or streaming audio player to play audio files. Answer 2 Which of the following is a feature of speech synthesis? Select the one best answer. It allows you to communicate with the computer by using your voice. It essentially requires a microphone. It allows your computer to convert text to audio. It allows you to enter text in word-processing documents. Answer 3 Which of the following statements are true when copying audio to a recordable CD or DVD? Select all answers that apply. The process of copying audio to a recordable CD or DVD is also called burning. You need a special hardware device such as a CD writer to copy audio to a recordable CD or DVD. Copying audio directly from the Internet to a recordable CD or DVD is legal. Copying audio from CDs and DVDs is illegal.
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Lesson 3
Introduction to Digital Video
Lesson Contents
Characteristics of Digital Video
Digital Video Editing and Output Formats
Web Video Technologies
Digital Video and Web Technologies
Self Test
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Lesson Introduction
Before digital technology, video was recorded, edited, and stored in the analog format on tape. After the introduction of digital technology, video was still recorded on tape, but to make editing easy, people first converted video to a digital format. Today, digital video technology allows you to record video in the digital format on a digital storage device, such as a CD, DVD, or flash memory card, and edit it on a computer by using digital video editing software. This has benefited both home users and professionals. Both home users and professionals, such as movie makers, use digital video technology to create videos and films with titles, introduce transitions between scenes, and add special effects.
Lesson Objectives
After completing this lesson, you will be able to: Identify the characteristics of digital video. Explain what digital video editing is and the various output formats for digital video. Identify the features of different Web video technologies.
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Topic:
Characteristics of Digital Video
One of the important characteristics of digital videos is that you can edit them easily on a computer by using digital video editing software. For example, you can edit videos to include titles, add a sound track, or add special effects. You can also upload the video to a Web site and share it over the Internet. In addition, you can copy the video from a computer to a recordable CD or DVD. Another characteristic of digital videos is that they can be compressed. Compressed files save space, allow more portability, and are easier to transfer over the Internet. A camcorder captures and records video. The following table provides a brief description about the two types of camcorders available in the market.
Type Description
Analog Camcorder An analog camcorder records and stores video in an analog format on a tape. To edit the video on a computer, you need to convert it from the analog format to the digital format. Digital Camcorder A digital camcorder records and stores video in a digital format, which makes editing the recorded video easy. Another advantage is that a digital camcorder is generally lighter and smaller than an analog camcorder.
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Topic:
Digital Video Editing and Output Formats
Imagine a scenario where you have recorded your friends birthday party by using a camcorder. You would like to add certain effects to your video to make it look better. Using digital video editing software, you can: Add titles and background music to your video to make it more appealing. Cut or remove certain scenes from the video. Add special effects, such as fade-in and fade-out, to the video. Enhance video quality by adjusting its brightness, contrast, and color. Record audio over the video to describe certain scenes.
Note:
You can also edit video by using analog technology. However, using digital technology makes it easier to edit video.
Digital video editing can either be linear or nonlinear. In linear editing, you have to sequentially traverse a file to edit it. For example, if you want to remove a frame that is in the middle of a video, you have to linearly traverse to that frame. However, in nonlinear editing, you can directly go to the frame and remove it from your video. Tape is always in the linear format and has to be edited linearly. Random access devices, such as DVDs and CDs, let you read and write data in a nonlinear manner. You can edit DVDs and CDs linearly and nonlinearly. After you edit a video, you can store it in various formats. You can use video editing software, such as Windows Movie Maker, to capture a frame from a movie and save it as a still image. For example, you can capture a frame from a video and save it as a .jpg file. You can also edit the video and save it as a video clip in the Windows Media Video (WMV) format. Saving the video in the WMV format allows you to play the video clip on the computer by using Windows Media Player. You can share the video clip or the still image with your friends by uploading it to a Web site or sending it by e-mail. You can save the edited video clips and still images in a format that can be copied to a recordable DVD or Video CD (VCD). You can play the DVD by using a DVD player and the VCD by using a VCD player. Some DVD players also allow you to play VCDs.
Warning:
Copying video directly from the Web and storing it on CDs is illegal. Copying video directly from a video CD or DVD is also illegal. Ensure that you have permission to copy any video before you copy it.
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Topic:
Web Video Technologies
These days, you can view video over the Internet. Web video technologies allow you to transfer digital video files over the Internet. Some of the examples of Web video technologies are described in the following table. The following table contains the transcript of an online animation.
Video Streaming
Generally, digital video files are large and can take a long time to download. Video streaming allows you to view video files over the Internet without downloading them. In this case, the video file is sent to your computer in a continuous stream. You need a streaming video player to view the video file over the Internet. You might need to download a streaming video player and install it on your computer before you can play the video files. There are two types of video streaming, real-time and on-demand. In real-time video streaming, you can view a live event over the Internet. In real-time video streaming, a camera is used to capture the live event. When the camera captures the event, a converter is used to convert the video into the video streaming format so that the video can be broadcast over the Internet. In on-demand video streaming, a video is taken from a storage device, such as a CD or DVD, and converted into a streaming video format. This video is then distributed over the Internet. The quality of streaming video depends on the hardware used to capture the video and the speed of the Internet connection. It also depends upon the compression technique used because each compression technique preserves the quality of the original file in a different manner.
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The following table contains the transcript of an online animation.

Downloading Video
You can also download video files, such as video clips or video presentations, from the Internet. In this case, a copy of the video file is downloaded on your computer. Sometimes, when you are downloading a file, you can play the file after a major portion of the file is downloaded, but usually you need to wait until the entire file is saved on your computer. The following table contains the transcript of an online animation.
Web Conferencing
Today, you do not have to travel from one place to another to attend conferences and seminars. Instead, you can use Web conferencing so that all the participants can communicate with each other over the Internet. One of the features of Web conferencing is that it allows you to hold a virtual conference where you can see and hear others in real time. You can also use tools such as virtual whiteboards and slide
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presentations during the conference. Another feature of Web conferencing is screen sharing, where the participants can see what is on the presenters desktop. Web conferencing also allows voice communication between the participants so that they can share their views and discuss their opinions. Voice communication could be Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) or voice communication by using telephone conferencing. Web conferencing also allows you to use text chatting if voice communication is not possible.
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Topic:
Digital Video and Web Technologies
Sort the items into their associated categories by writing the statement number in its corresponding option box. Statement 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Can be real-time or on-demand Maintains a copy of video on your computer Allows screen sharing Sends video as a continuous stream Allows voice communication Refers to download of video from the Internet Allows slide presentations
Option 1 Video streaming
Option 2 Downloading video
Option 3 Web conferencing
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Option 1 Video streaming
Option 2 Downloading video
Option 3 Web conferencing
1, 4
2, 6
3, 5, 7
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Topic:
Self Test for Lesson: Introduction to Digital Video
Question 1 Which of the following statements are correct about nonlinear video editing? Select all answers that apply. You go directly to a frame to edit it. You can edit DVDs in a nonlinear manner. You sequentially traverse to a frame to edit it. You can edit tapes in a nonlinear manner. Question 2 Which of the following statements are correct about video streaming? Select all answers that apply. The video file is received as a continuous stream. Sometimes, a special program is needed on the computer to enable video streaming. The quality of the video is not affected by the speed of the Internet connection. It allows you to view video files over the Internet without first downloading them.
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Answer 1 Which of the following statements are correct about nonlinear video editing? Select all answers that apply. You go directly to a frame to edit it. You can edit DVDs in a nonlinear manner. You sequentially traverse to a frame to edit it. You can edit tapes in a nonlinear manner. Answer 2 Which of the following statements are correct about video streaming? Select all answers that apply. The video file is received as a continuous stream. Sometimes, a special program is needed on the computer to enable video streaming. The quality of the video is not affected by the speed of the Internet connection. It allows you to view video files over the Internet without first downloading them.
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Lesson 4
Introduction to Digital Photography
Lesson Contents
Overview of Digital Cameras
Digital Image Management and Editing
Overview of Printing Digital Images
Self Test
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Lesson Introduction
Imagine a scenario where you have taken pictures of a special occasion by using a traditional film camera. After you process the film and develop the pictures, you realize that some of the pictures are not clear because there was not enough light when you took the pictures. Your friend looks at the pictures and suggests that you use a digital camera instead of a film camera to take pictures. One benefit of using a digital camera is that you can see the picture immediately after you take it to ensure that the picture came out the way you wanted. In case it does not, you can delete the picture. Another benefit of using a digital camera is that you can transfer the picture to a computer and enhance it by using photo-editing software. Using a digital camera has many other benefits that are covered later in this lesson.
Lesson Objectives
After completing this lesson, you will be able to: Explain the benefits, features, and working of a digital camera. Explain how to edit and manage digital images. Identify the features of different types of printers that are available for printing photos.
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Topic:
Overview of Digital Cameras
The following table contains the transcript of an online animation.
A digital camera, unlike a traditional camera, does not use film to store pictures. A digital camera stores each picture in a digital format on a storage device, such as a flash memory card, located inside the camera. Like a traditional camera, a digital camera has a dark box with a lens that focuses light to create an image. However, unlike traditional cameras, which focus the light on a piece of film, a digital camera focuses light on a sensor. The sensor creates the image, which is then stored on the cameras storage device. You can transfer pictures taken with a digital camera to a computer. You can use a USB cable to transfer pictures. You can then enhance the pictures on the computer by using software, such as Windows Photo Gallery, which is available with Windows Vista. For example, you can adjust the brightness, change the background color, or even remove part of a picture. Digital cameras make it possible for you to print pictures on demand by using a digital photo printer. Although you need not buy film, you need to pay for ink and special paper to print the pictures. You can also share pictures taken using a digital camera with your friends or relatives. You can send the pictures through e-mail or upload them to a Web site. You can also add the pictures to electronic documents, presentations, and newsletters. Most digital cameras have a small screen that helps you see the pictures immediately after you take them. Using this feature, you can view the pictures without transferring them to a computer. You can choose the pictures that you want to transfer and delete the remaining ones. Digital cameras are classified based on various features, such as resolution, size, and lens. Resolution or pixel depth is an important feature of a digital camera. Resolution refers to the clarity and sharpness of a picture. Each picture is made up of small units called pixels. More pixels imply better quality of pictures. Resolutions for digital cameras now range from 4 to 16 mega pixels. A mega pixel is 1 million pixels. However, as technology advances, resolutions continue to change.
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Digital cameras are also classified as compact, semiprofessional, and professional cameras. Compact digital cameras are cheaper than semiprofessional digital cameras, which in turn are cheaper than professional digital cameras. Compact digital cameras have fixed lenses, but semiprofessional and professional digital cameras have removable lenses. Compact digital cameras adjust settings, such as focus and exposure, automatically and therefore make it easy for you to take pictures. Semiprofessional digital cameras also adjust these settings automatically. In addition, you can manually adjust settings as necessary. In professional digital cameras, you can adjust settings only manually. These cameras have lenses that focus faster and the ability to take a large number of higher resolution pictures at high speed.
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Topic:
Digital Image Management and Editing
With digital cameras, you can transfer pictures to a computer where you can edit pictures to enhance their quality. The following table describes some of the capabilities of software that is designed for working with digital images.
Capability Description
Simple photo editing
Sometimes, when you take pictures of your friends, their eyes appear red in the picture. This is called the red-eye effect. You can use simple photo editing software to remove this effect. Using simple photo editing software, such as Windows Photo Gallery, you can improve the appearance of a picture by adjusting the brightness, contrast, or color of the picture. You can also crop, resize, and print pictures.
Advanced photo editing
Advanced photo editing programs include tools for enhancing and adding special effects to a picture. For example, you can remove blemishes from a picture, change its backgrounds, and add text to it by using advanced text design tools built in the software.
Photo management
Photo management software helps you sort and organize your picture collection. Photo management capabilities are often included as part of a photo editing program, such as Windows Photo Gallery. Many photo management software packages also include tools for compressing and fine tuning pictures.
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Topic:
Overview of Printing Digital Images
Sometimes, you might want to share pictures with friends who do not have a computer in their homes. To share the pictures, you can either print the pictures using a personal photo printer or a professional photo printer.
Personal Photo Printers
There are various types of personal photo printers. They can be either black and white or color printers. Color inkjet printers are the most commonly used personal photo printers. Inkjet printers spray small ink drops on the paper to create a print of the picture. Dye sublimation printers are also used, but they are not as popular as inkjet printers. Dye sublimation printers use dyes to create a print on paper. Most color inkjet and dye sublimation printers can produce near-photographic quality prints on special print paper. Near-photographic quality means that the pictures do not have the very fine detail of pictures taken by using a traditional camera. However, this difference can be seen only by a professional.
Professional Photo Printers
Professional photo printers, which are used in print labs, use special imaging devices to expose regular photo paper. The paper is then developed by using normal silver photo chemicals. Professional photo printers produce true-photographic quality prints on paper. Some print labs also use laser printers, high-end dye sublimation printers, and highend inkjet printers.
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Topic:
Self Test for Lesson: Introduction to Digital Photography
Each pair of statements contains a true statement and a false statement. For each pair of statements, indicate which statement is true by placing a mark in the True column to the right. Statement 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 A DIGITAL camera uses film to store pictures. A TRADITIONAL camera uses film to store pictures. A digital camera DOES NOT HELP you delete unwanted pictures. A digital camera HELPS you delete unwanted pictures. A SENSOR creates the image of a picture. A FLASH MEMORY CARD creates the image of a picture. You can change backgrounds using ADVANCED photo editing software. You can change backgrounds using SIMPLE photo editing software. You CAN crop a picture by using simple photo editing software. You CANNOT crop a picture by using simple photo editing software. You CAN compress pictures by using photo management software. You CANNOT compress pictures by using photo management software. Windows Photo Gallery IS a photo editing program. Windows Photo Gallery IS NOT a photo editing program. PROFESSIONAL photo printers use special imaging devices. PERSONAL photo printers use special imaging devices. PROFESSIONAL photo printers give true-photographic quality on paper. PERSONAL photo printers give true-photographic quality on paper. True False
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Statement 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 A DIGITAL camera uses film to store pictures. A TRADITIONAL camera uses film to store pictures. A digital camera DOES NOT HELP you delete unwanted pictures. A digital camera HELPS you delete unwanted pictures. A SENSOR creates the image of a picture. A FLASH MEMORY CARD creates the image of a picture. You can change backgrounds using ADVANCED photo editing software. You can change backgrounds using SIMPLE photo editing software. You CAN crop a picture by using simple photo editing software. You CANNOT crop a picture by using simple photo editing software. You CAN compress pictures by using photo management software. You CANNOT compress pictures by using photo management software. Windows Photo Gallery IS a photo editing program. Windows Photo Gallery IS NOT a photo editing program. PROFESSIONAL photo printers use special imaging devices. PERSONAL photo printers use special imaging devices. PROFESSIONAL photo printers give true-photographic quality on paper. PERSONAL photo printers give true-photographic quality on paper.
True
False
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Lesson 5
Digital Technology and Career Opportunities
Lesson Contents
Digital Technology and Your Work Place
Career Opportunities As Information Workers
Career Opportunities As IT Professionals
Career Opportunities As Developers
Self Test
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Lesson Introduction
Digital technology has changed the way people work. Today, work is no longer a place where you have to go. It is a task that has to be completed, or a job that has to be done. Advanced digital technology allows people to work from remote locations such as their houses or regional work centers that minimize commuting distances. This saves travel time and increases productivity. A variety of career options are available for people who have adequate knowledge of computers. With more computer knowledge, more opportunities become available in the Information Technology (IT) industry. You can work as an information worker, also referred to as a home and office user. You can also work as an IT professional or as a developer. This lesson introduces you to these career options.
Lesson Objectives
After completing this lesson, you will be able to: Explain how digital technology helps people work from any location. Identify the different career opportunities available for information workers. Identify the different career opportunities available for IT professionals. Identify the different career opportunities available for developers.
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Topic:
Digital Technology and Your Work Place
Consider a scenario where Christie Moon has a 3-year-old child and is finding it difficult to manage her work and take care of her child. Her boss advises her that she can work from home or from an office used by her company that is close to her home. An arrangement in which a person can work from home or from an office used by the persons company is called telecommuting. Telecommuting provides improved job opportunities for people living in remote areas and for people with disabilities. Telecommuting reduces the cost of and time spent in transportation. The following table describes the two types of telecommuting.
Telecommuting Description
Home office
Home office is an arrangement that allows people to work from home. In such an arrangement, people can communicate with their colleagues or contacts by using a companys telecommunication services, such as instant messaging and e-mail.
Remote office Remote offices are regional work centers that are connected to the companys head office by using either the companys intranet or the Internet. Regional work centers allow telecommuters to access tools and technology, such as videoconferencing or VoIP, which telecommuters may not have at home. Also, if people do not want to travel long distances, they can go to a nearby regional work center, which is also called a satellite office. Companies can have their own regional work centers, rent a regional work center, or share them with other companies.
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Topic:
Career Opportunities As Information Workers
With relevant computer knowledge, you can work as an information worker, whose basic work is to gather and record information. Information workers are also called home and office users. The following table describes some examples of information workers.
Information worker
Description
Typists
Typists use computers to create documents such as memos, letters, and files. They also use computers to maintain records and use software programs to analyze these records and generate reports.
Receptionists
Receptionists are responsible for answering and diverting telephone calls and planning and updating schedules of meetings. Receptionists use computers to maintain records, which could be bills, customer queries, and general information necessary to answer customer queries.
Warehouse managers
Warehouse managers are responsible for keeping an account of the warehouse stocks. With the help of a computer, the warehouse manager also plans the schedules and working hours for all the people working in the warehouse.
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Travel agents
Travel agents use computers to provide their customers with details about various holiday destinations. The details may range from information on weather to accommodation facilities.
Desktop publishers
Desktop publishers use applications such as Word 2007 and Microsoft Office Publisher 2007 to create newsletters, magazines, brochures, and books. They also edit photographs and sketches and place them in the brochures and magazines that they publish.
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Topic:
Career Opportunities As IT Professionals
IT professionals are people who have the technical knowledge, experience, and qualifications to work in the IT industry. The following table describes some examples of IT professionals.
IT professional Description
Network administrators
Network administrators are responsible for managing the computers on a network. Their tasks include installing and maintaining networks and adding and removing individuals from the list of authorized users.
Database administrators
Database administrators are responsible for maintaining databases that organize information stored on a computer. Database administrators are also responsible for deciding who should be given access to which part of the database.
Web administrators
Web administrators are responsible for managing Web sites. They are either involved at a stage when a Web site is being created or when a Web site is functional. Web administrators consult the client who owns the Web site and the intended users to ensure that the Web site is according to their requirements. Web administrators also plan audits and checks to ensure that the Web sites are secure and up-to-date.
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Computer graphics professionals
Computer graphics professionals create graphics and animations for commercial purposes by using computers. They use photo editing software to enhance the quality of the graphics.
Technical writers
Technical writers create documentation on any type of technology. For example, technical writers create help documents and online help files for troubleshooting technical problems. They also write technical articles for magazines and papers about upcoming technologies and digital devices.
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Topic:
Career Opportunities As Developers
Developers are responsible for developing software applications. The following table describes some examples of developers.
Developer Description
Programmers
A programmer s job is to write programs that are used to create software. They also test and maintain software. A programmer may work alone or in a team to create programs.
Software developers
There are many people involved in software development. A software developer s job is to coordinate with all the people involved and streamline the whole process of software development. When there are multiple programmers writing for the same software, the software developer is also responsible for assembling the work of all the programmers and integrating it into the software.
Web site designers
Web site designers are responsible for designing and maintaining an organizations Web site. They are also responsible for estimating the budget required to maintain and update a Web site. Web site designers also keep record of the number of visitors to a Web site.
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Game designers
Game designers are responsible for deciding how the game will look and function. Games can be of various types, such as action games, racing games, and adventure games. Game designers have to visualize the game to the smallest detail. For example, if they are designing a racing game they visualize the different kinds of vehicles, the color of the vehicles, and the types of racing tracks.
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Topic:
Self Test
Each pair of statements contains a true statement and a false statement. For each pair of statements, indicate which statement is true by placing a mark in the True column to the right. Statement 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 When telecommuting, you DO NOT WORK from home. When telecommuting, you WORK from home. Regional work centers ARE connected to the main office. Regional work centers ARE NOT connected to the main office. Regional work centers are called HOME offices. Regional work centers are called SATELLITE offices. TECHNICAL WRITERS create documentation. PROGRAMMERS create documentation. WEB SITE DESIGNERS create a Web site. WEB ADMINISTRATORS create a Web site. A typist is an IT PROFESSIONAL. A typist is an INFORMATION WORKER. GAME DESIGNERS create newsletters and magazines. DESKTOP PUBLISHERS create newsletters and magazines. A Web administrator is an IT PROFESSIONAL. A Web administrator is a DEVELOPER. Warehouse managers are INFORMATION WORKERS. Warehouse managers are IT PROFESSIONALS. True False
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Statement 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 When telecommuting, you DO NOT WORK from home. When telecommuting, you WORK from home. Regional work centers ARE connected to the main office. Regional work centers ARE NOT connected to the main office. Regional work centers are called HOME offices. Regional work centers are called SATELLITE offices. TECHNICAL WRITERS create documentation. PROGRAMMERS create documentation. WEB SITE DESIGNERS create a Web site. WEB ADMINISTRATORS create a Web site. A typist is an IT PROFESSIONAL. A typist is an INFORMATION WORKER. GAME DESIGNERS create newsletters and magazines. DESKTOP PUBLISHERS create newsletters and magazines. A Web administrator is an IT PROFESSIONAL. A Web administrator is a DEVELOPER. Warehouse managers are INFORMATION WORKERS. Warehouse managers are IT PROFESSIONALS.
True
False
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Module Summary
Lessons
The Digital Experience
The digital experience involves the transition from traditional devices to multipurpose digital devices. Some of the commonly used multipurpose digital devices are: Audio and Video Players: MP3 players, CD players, and DVD players are examples of audio and video players. Mobile Phones: Mobile phones are wireless devices that provide the capabilities of a traditional fixed line phone. You can use a Webenabled mobile phone to connect to the Internet, check your e-mail messages, or download songs and games from the Internet. Video Game Systems: Xbox is an example of a video game system. It has a motherboard and a hard disk and it also supports online gaming. You can also use Xbox to play audio files. PDA: A PDA is a handheld computer that is mainly used as a personal organizer. You can use Web-enabled PDAs to connect to the Internet. Digital Cameras: A digital camera stores images digitally on a memory device such as flash memory card or a mini hard disk. Digital Video Cameras: A digital video camera captures and records video and stores it in a digital format. Digital camcorders and webcams are examples of digital video cameras.
Introduction to Digital Audio
Audio is of two types, analog and digital. Computers do not understand the analog format. Therefore, it is necessary to convert audio from the analog format to the digital format to use it on a computer. Some of the characteristics of digital audio are: It can be edited using audio editing software. It can be compressed. It can also be streamed.
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You can copy audio from storage devices, such as a computers hard disk, and store it on a recordable CD or DVD. You can also convert audio from a CD or a DVD to a different format before storing it on a computers hard disk. Digital technology allows you to interact with the computer by using speech. Speech recognition is a technology that allows you to communicate with a computer by using only your voice to enter data and issue commands. Speech synthesis is a technology that allows the computer to speak to you. In speech synthesis, the computer communicates to you by converting text to digital audio. Introduction to Digital Video Digital video technology allows you to record video in the digital format on a CD, DVD, or a flash memory card. Home users use digital video technology for creating videos with titles and introducing and adding transitions between scenes. Many movie makers also make films by using advanced video editing software. Some important characteristics of digital video are: It is easy to edit. It can be compressed. It can be streamed.
You can view video over the Internet. Web video technologies allow you to transfer digital video files over the Internet. Web conferencing allows you to hold a virtual conference where you can see and hear others in real time. You can also use tools such as virtual whiteboards and slide presentations during the conference. Web conferencing also allows voice communication between the participants so that they can share their views and discuss their opinions. Introduction to Digital Photography In digital photography, a digital camera is used instead of a traditional film camera to take pictures. A digital camera stores each picture in a digital format on a storage device, such as a flash memory card or a mini hard disk. One advantage of using a digital camera is that you can see the picture immediately after you take it to ensure that the picture came out the way you wanted. Another advantage of using a digital camera is that you can transfer the picture to a computer and enhance it using photo editing software. There are different kinds of digital cameras. They are classified based on various features, such as resolution
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and lens. Digital cameras are classified as point and shoot, semiprofessional, and professional cameras. You can use professional photo printers or personal photo printers to print pictures taken by using a digital camera. Digital Technology and Career Opportunities Digital technology has changed the way people work. They no longer have to travel long distances to reach the office. Telecommuting is an arrangement that allows people to work from home or from a remote office. Telecommuters or employees of companies that practice telecommuting communicate with their colleagues or contacts by using the companies network, the Internet, or other telecommunication services. The two types of telecommuting are: Home office: Home office is an arrangement that allows people to work from home. In such an arrangement, people can communicate with their colleagues or contacts by using a companys telecommunication services, such as instant messaging and e-mail. Remote office: Remote offices or regional work centers are offices that are connected to the companys head office by using either the companys network or the Internet. Regional work centers allow telecommuters access to tools and technology that they may not have at home. Also, in some cases, if people do not want to travel long distances, they can go to a nearby regional work center.
The wide-ranging use of computers has led to a number of opportunities for people who are computer literate. With relevant computer knowledge, you can work as an information worker, IT professional, or a developer.
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Glossary
Add-in A component that provides added functions by allowing the Web browser to access and execute files that are included in Web pages. Camcorder A digital video camera used to record video. Compact disc (CD) A storage device used to store data in a digital format. Digital camera A camera that stores images digitally on a memory device, such as a flash memory card or a mini hard disk. Digital versatile disc (DVD) A storage device used to store data in a digital format. Electronic mail (e-mail) The exchange of text messages and computer files over the Internet. Home office An arrangement that allows people to work from home. Internet A worldwide collection of public networks that are linked to each other for information exchange. Intranet A special type of network used to communicate and share information within an organization. Mobile phone A wireless device that has the capabilities of a traditional wired phone and allows you to make a call from almost any location. MPEG Audio Layer 3 (MP3)
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A format developed by Motion Picture Expert Group to allow compression of audio and video for digital distribution. Network A group of computers and associated devices that are connected to share resources and exchange information. Personal digital assistant (PDA) A handheld computer that is used as a personal organizer. A traditional PDA includes features such as an address book, task list, and a calculator. Pixels Refers to small units that make up a picture. The higher the number of pixels, the better the quality of the picture. Regional work centre A remote office that is connected to the companys head office by either the companys network or the Internet. Resolution Refers to the clarity and sharpness of a picture. Speech recognition A technology that allows you to communicate with a computer by using only your voice to enter data and to issue commands. Speech synthesis A technology that allows the computer to speak to you. In speech synthesis, the computer communicates to you by converting text to digital audio. Telecommuting An arrangement that allows people to work from home or from a remote office. Universal serial bus (USB) cable A cable that helps you connect digital devices to a computer without turning off the computer.
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Web site A collection of one or more Web pages that are linked together and made available through a Web server. Wide Area Network (WAN) A network that connects devices in geographically separated areas. Windows audio wave (WAV) An audio format developed by Microsoft. This format is used to store audio files in a digital format. Windows media audio (WMA) An audio format developed by Microsoft. This format is used to store digital audio files.
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Official Microsoft E-Learning Course

2699BE Digital Lifestyles

MICROSOFT LICENSE TERMS MICROSOFT DIGITAL LITERACY CURRICULUM COURSES

Course: Digital Lifestyles

Course: Digital Lifestyles

Instructors: Instructors may:

ii. and also Use a copy of the Licensed Content as follows: A.

Students: Students may:

ii. and also Use a copy of the Licensed Content as follows: A.

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Course: Digital Lifestyles

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11. SUPPORT SERVICES. 12. ENTIRE AGREEMENT.

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15. DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY.

Course: Digital Lifestyles

16. LIMITATION ON AND EXCLUSION OF REMEDIES AND DAMAGES.

Course: Digital Lifestyles

Course: Digital Lifestyles

Course: Digital Lifestyles

Audience Description Prerequisites

Course: Digital Lifestyles

Course: Digital Lifestyles

Course: Digital Lifestyles

Benefits of Digital Technology

Digital Technology and Media Devices

Course: Digital Lifestyles

Course: Digital Lifestyles

Benefits of Digital Technology

Storing and sharing pictures

Recording and sharing videos

Course: Digital Lifestyles

Communicating with business associates

Course: Digital Lifestyles

Digital Technology and Media Devices

Audio and Video Players

Video Game Systems

Course: Digital Lifestyles

Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs)

Digital Video Cameras

Course: Digital Lifestyles

Self Test for Lesson: The Digital Experience

Course: Digital Lifestyles

Note: The correct answers are shown on the next page.

Course: Digital Lifestyles

Course: Digital Lifestyles

Characteristics of Digital Audio

Overview of Copying and Converting Digital Audio

Speech Recognition and Synthesis

Course: Digital Lifestyles

Course: Digital Lifestyles

Characteristics of Digital Audio

You can also stream video files over the Internet.

Course: Digital Lifestyles

Overview of Copying and Converting Digital Audio

Course: Digital Lifestyles

Speech Recognition and Synthesis

Course: Digital Lifestyles

Course: Digital Lifestyles

Note: The correct answers are shown on the next page.

Course: Digital Lifestyles

Course: Digital Lifestyles