UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA FAKULTI TEKNOLOGI KEJURUTERAAN

ELECTRIC CIRCUIT 2 BTNT 1023

GROUP ASSIGNMENT : PSPICE AND MATLAB

LECTURER : ENCIK MOHD FAUZI BIN AB RAHMAN

PREPARED BY :

MOHAMMAD FIRDAUS BIN NORAZMAN HIFDZUL MALIK BIN ZAINAL AZWAN BIN MUHAMAD ELLYANA SHAIRA BINTI ABD AZIZ

B 071110213 B 071110202 B 071110396 B 071110236

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TITLE Group Assignment : Electric Circuit

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OBJECTIVE To analyze the given circuits using the specific software in order to identify the required needs. To familiarize PSPICE and MATLAB function by doing a circuit simulation on certain circuit analysis.

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EQUIPMENTS PSPICE MATLAB

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REQUIREMENTS

1. The circuits were analyzed by using the specific software that mention in the questions and the comparison between manual calculation and software analysis were done. 2. The report were including the manual calculation, print screen of software analysis and the comparison. The report were submitted in hardcopy as well. 3. The software analysis and report were submitted in CD.

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QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

1) The switch in Figure 1 has been in position 1 for a long time. At t = 0, it is switched to position 2. Use Pspice to find i(t) for 0 <t< 0.2 s.

Figure 1

Circuit

Result
**** 05/30/12 02:42:53 ******* PSpice Lite (April 2011) ******* ID# 10813 **** ** Profile: "SCHEMATIC1-SOLAN 1" [ C:\OrCAD\OrCAD_16.5_Lite\tools\capture\tesPSpiceFiles\SCHEMATIC1\SOLAN 1.sim ] **** CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION

****************************************************************************** ** Creating circuit file "SOLAN 1.cir" ** WARNING: THIS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED FILE MAY BE OVERWRITTEN BY SUBSEQUENT SIMULATIONS *Libraries: * Profile Libraries : * Local Libraries : * From [PSPICE NETLIST] section of C:\OrCAD\OrCAD_16.5_Lite\tools\pspice\PSpice.ini file: .lib "nomd.lib" *Analysis directives: .DC LIN V_V1 0 0.2 1 .PROBE V(alias(*)) I(alias(*)) W(alias(*)) D(alias(*)) NOISE(alias(*)) .INC "..\SCHEMATIC1.net" **** INCLUDING SCHEMATIC1.net **** * source TES R_R1 R_R2 R_R3 L_L1 C_C1 V_V1 X_U1 N00208 N00215 4k TC=0,0 N00215 N00271 1k TC=0,0 0 N00215 2k TC=0,0 N00271 0 100m N00625 0 100u N00208 0 10Vdc N00625 N00215 Sw_tClose PARAMS: tClose=0.2 ttran=1u Rclosed=0.01

+ Ropen=1Meg V_PRINT1 .PRINT N00215 0 0V TRAN I(V_PRINT1)

**** RESUMING "SOLAN 1.cir" **** .END **** 05/30/12 02:42:53 ******* PSpice Lite (April 2011) ******* ID# 10813 **** ** Profile: "SCHEMATIC1-SOLAN 1" [ C:\OrCAD\OrCAD_16.5_Lite\tools\capture\tesPSpiceFiles\SCHEMATIC1\SOLAN 1.sim ] **** Voltage Controlled Switch MODEL PARAMETERS

****************************************************************************** X_U1.Smod RON .01

ROFF 1.000000E+06 VON 1 VOFF 0 JOB CONCLUDED *** 05/30/12 02:42:53 ******* PSpice Lite (April 2011) ******* ID# 10813 **** ** Profile: "SCHEMATIC1-SOLAN 1" [ C:\OrCAD\OrCAD_16.5_Lite\tools\capture\tesPSpiceFiles\SCHEMATIC1\SOLAN 1.sim

****

JOB STATISTICS SUMMARY

****************************************************************************** Total job time (using Solver 1) = 0.00

Conclusion Question 1 The switch in Figure 1 has been in position 1 for a long time. At t = 0, it is switched to position 2. By using Pspice we find i(t) for 0 < t < 0.2 s. We had set the start value by o, end value 0.2 and the increment is 1. Circuit description explains all about the circuit after it run
successfully.

2) Use PSpice to find vo(t) in the circuit if Figure 2. Let is = 2 cos(103t) A.

Figure 2

PSpice Schematic

Simulation settings

Simulation Result

Simulation Output: **** 05/30/12 04:28:53 ********* PSpice 9.1 (Mar 1999) ******** ID# 0 ******** ** circuit file for profile: Q2 Zul **** CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION

** WARNING: THIS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED FILE MAY BE OVERWRITTEN BY SUBSEQUENT PROFILES *Libraries: * Local Libraries : * From [PSPICE NETLIST] section of pspice91.ini file: .lib "nom.lib" *Analysis directives: .AC DEC 1 159.15 159.15 .PROBE .INC "esaimen q2-SCHEMATIC1.net" **** INCLUDING "esaimen q2-SCHEMATIC1.net" **** * source ESAIMEN Q2 C_C1 L_L1 R_R1 R_R2 R_R3 R_R4 I_Is 0 N00052 4uF 0 N00060 10mH N00052 N00025 2 N00060 N00025 6 N00052 N00060 8 0 N00025 4 N00025 0 DC 0Adc AC 2Aac

.PRINT

AC

+ VM([N00052]) + VP([N00052]) **** RESUMING "esaimen q2-SCHEMATIC1-Q2 Zul.sim.cir" **** .INC "esaimen q2-SCHEMATIC1.als" **** INCLUDING "esaimen q2-SCHEMATIC1.als" **** .ALIASES C_C1 C1(1=0 2=N00052 )

L_L1 R_R1 R_R2 R_R3 R_R4 I_Is

L1(1=0 2=N00060 ) R1(1=N00052 2=N00025 ) R2(1=N00060 2=N00025 ) R3(1=N00052 2=N00060 ) R4(1=0 2=N00025 ) Is(+=N00025 -=0 )

.ENDALIASES **** RESUMING "esaimen q2-SCHEMATIC1-Q2 Zul.sim.cir" **** .END

****

SMALL SIGNAL BIAS SOLUTION NODE VOLTAGE

TEMPERATURE = 27.000 DEG C NODE VOLTAGE NODE

NODE VOLTAGE VOLTAGE

(N00025) 0.0000 (N00052) 0.0000 (N00060) VOLTAGE SOURCE CURRENTS NAME CURRENT

0.0000

TOTAL POWER DISSIPATION 0.00E+00 WATTS **** AC ANALYSIS TEMPERATURE = 27.000 DEG C

FREQ

VM(N00052) VP(N00052)

1.592E+02 6.638E+00 -1.600E+02

JOB CONCLUDED TOTAL JOB TIME 1.22

Conclusion Question 2

Question 2 are also need to be solve by using PSpice in order to find Vo(t) in the circuit of Figure 2. Then, is = 2 cos(103t) A. this time we set the start value by 159.15, end value 159.15 and the decade is 1.

3) Determine Vo and Io in the circuit of Figure 3 using MATLAB by applying mesh analysis.

Figure 3 Calculation I3 = 4 -30

VO = 2 (I3 I1) = 2I3 -2I1 2 Substitute 1 into 2: VO = 2 (I3- I1) = 2I3- 2I1 = 2 (4 = (8 -30 ) 2I1 -30 ) 2I13

For Mesh 1 : 3VO + 2 (I1- I3) + j4I1 = 0 4

Substitute 1 and 3 into equation 4 : 3VO + 2 (I1 - I3) + j4I1 = 0 3[(8 (24 -30 ) 2I1] + 2I1 2(4 -30 ) + j4I1 = 0 -30 ) 6I1 + 2I1 (8 -30 ) + j4I1 = 0 -30 ) = 0 -30

-4I1 + j4I1 + (16

(4 - j4)I1 = 16

For Mesh 2 : -3VO j2IO = 0 - j2IO = 3VO - j2IO = 3[(8 - j2IO = (24 6I1 j2IO = 24 -30 ) 2I1) -30 ) 6I1 -30

To use Cramers Rule, equation 5 and 6 in matrix form as : 4 j4 6 0 - j2 I1 IO = 16 24 -30 -30

Obtain the determinants : 4 j4 6 = -8 j8 = 11.31 -135

0 - j2

= (4 j4)(-j2) (0)(6)

16 24

-30 -30

0 - j2 -30 )

= (16

-30 )(-j2) (0)(24

= -16 j27.71 = 32 -120

4 j4 24

16 -30

-30

= (4 j4)(24 -30 ) (6)(16 -30 ) = -48 j83.14 = 96 -120

Thus :

I1= = = 2.733 + j0.732 A = 2 15 A

IO = = = 8.199 + j2.197 A = 8.49 15 A

So, -3VO j2IO = 0 - j2IO = 3VO VO = = = 1.465 j5.467 V = 5.66 -75 V

 Software analysis

Comparison between calculation and analysis

CALCULATION I1 (A) 2.733 + j0.732 2 IO (A) 15

MATLAB 0.7325 + 2.7325i 2 75

8.199 + j2.197 8.49 15 1.465 j5.467 5.66 -75

2.1975 + 8.1925i 8.48 75

VO (V)

5.4617 - 1.4650i 5.65 -15

Table 1

Conclusion Question 3

For Question 3, we are needed to determine the IO and VO in the circuit. Then we had applied mesh analysis to calculate the IO and VO. Firstly, we draw three loop in this circuit. We assigned mesh currents. We labelled it as I1, IO and I3. For I3, it have given there that is 4 -30 A. After that, applied KVL to each of the meshes. At this part, use Ohms Law to express the voltages in terms of the mesh currents. Next, solve the resulting simultaneous equation to get the mesh currents. For this circuit, it has two equations. To get the mesh currents, it has some method. The first method is by using the substitution method and the second method is by using Cramers Rule. We were using Cramers Rule to solve the equation. To use Cramers Rule, we cast equation 5 and 6 in matrix form. After we get the current and voltage value by using calculation method, we simulate it by using MATLAB software. Lastly, we compared the value with calculation and MATLAB in Table 1. In Table 1 show the value of current and voltage for both method. The value for both method are same but difference degree.

4) Determine the wattmeter reading of the circuit in Figure 4. (Application question, no software needed)

Figure 4 = 100, 10mH 500uF j100x10x

=j

=-

j20 The frequency domain circuit is shown below

Figure 4

At node 2,

=
Solving (1) and (2) yields V1= 1.5568 j 4.1405

0 =(20+j)V1 (19+j)V2

I =

= 0.2111 + j 0.1035 , S =

V1 * I = - 0.04993 j 0.5176

P = Re (S) = 50 mW

Conclusion Question 4

This question needs us to determine the wattmeter reading of the circuit in Figure 4. This time, no software needed. We had constructed the frequency domain circuit. Next, we make a calculation at node 2. Finally we get the answer, P = Re (S) = 50 mW.

5) Use PSpice to generate the magnitude and phase Bode plots of Vo in the circuit of Figure 5

Figure 5

PSpice Schematic

Magnitude Bode Plots

Phase Bode Plots Conclusion Question 5 For this question, we had use PSpice to generate the magnitude and phase Bode plots of Vo in the circuit of Figure 5. Bode plots are really log-log plots, so they collapse a wide range of frequencies (on the horizontal axis) and a wide range of gains (on the vertical axis) into a viewable whole. As we know bode plots is a plots of frequency response. Gain and phase are displayed in separate plot. To get the phase bode plot, we need to add p to the equation in magnitude bode plots.

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DISCUSSION:

Bode magnitude of the system response in absolute units, returned as a 3-D array with dimensions (number of outputs) (number of inputs) (number of frequency points). For a single-input, single-output (SISO) sys, mag(1,1,k) gives the magnitude of the response at the kth frequency. For MIMO systems, mag(i,j,k) gives the magnitude of the response from the jth input to the ith output. We can convert the magnitude from absolute units to decibels using: magdb = 20*log10(mag) In Pspice, if the library is not available, you need to add the library, by clicking on the Add Library button. This will bring up the Add Library window. Select the desired library. For Spice you should select the libraries from the Capture/Library/PSpice folder. Analog: contains the passive components (R,L,C), mutual inductane, transmission line, and voltage and current dependent sources (voltage dependent voltage source E, currentdependent current source F, voltage-dependent current source G and current-dependent voltage source H). Source: give the different type of independent voltage and current sources, such as Vdc, Idc, Vac, Iac, Vsin, Vexp, pulse, piecewise linear, etc. Browse the library to see what is available. Eval: provides diodes (D), bipolar transistors (Q), MOS transistors, JFETs (J), real opamp such as the u741, switches (SW_tClose, SW_tOpen), various digital gates and components. Abm: contains a selection of interesting mathematical operators that can be applied to signals, such as multiplication (MULT), summation (SUM), Square Root (SWRT), Laplace (LAPLACE), arctan (ARCTAN), and many more. Special: contains a variety of other components, such as PARAM, NODESET and others. Spice allows us to do a DC bias, DC Sweep, Transient with Fourier analysis, AC analysis, Montecarlo/worst case sweep, Parameter sweep and Temperature sweep.

We are also use MATLAB in this assigment, the MATLAB application is built around the MATLAB language, and most use of MATLAB involves typing MATLAB code into the Command Window (as an interactive mathematical shell), or executing text files containing MATLAB code and functions. Then, the variables are defined using the assignment operator, =. MATLAB is a weakly programming language. It is a weakly typed language because types are implicitly converted. It is a dynamically typed language because variables can be assigned without declaring their type, except if they are to be treated as symbolic objects, and that their type can change.

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CONCLUSION:

Finally, after finishing this assignment, students are now able to analyze the given circuits using the specific software in order to identify the required output or result needs. After that, students are also able to familiarize with PSPICE and MATLAB software with the function by doing a circuit simulation on certain circuit analysis. Other than that, while we finishing this assignment there are some problem appear when we want to construct the circuit, but as an engineering student we had learn on how to troubleshoot and solve the problem. Lastly, we had finished this assignment successfully.