@@ .vmx Virtual machine configuration .nvram VM BIOS .

vmdk Virtual disk stores settings of a virtual machine's hard disk drive. -flat-vmdk Disk that contains the data .vmsd Dictionary for snapshots -delta.vmdk Snapshot differences file Delta Snapshot data .vswp Swapfile for VM. .log Tthat holds the configuration (.vmx) file of the virtual machine. .vmxf This is a supplemental configuration file @@vmkfstools -c <size> -a <virtual controller>BusLogic, LSILogic, or IDE -d thin @@4.2MB FAT boot partition 4.3GB FAT partition for scratch storage and swap Note: The minimum size for a VMFS datastore is approximately 1GB. 250MB FAT partition hypervisor-1 bootbank 250MB FAT partition second hypervisor-2 bootbank 110MB diagnostic partition for VMkernel core dumps 286MB FAT p partition VMware Tools iso hypervisor-3 @@ Decrease the Memory reservation Configuration > software > System Resource Al location > Advancedhost > vim> vmvisor> Edit Settings @@ /etc/vmware/esx.conf >> >> state.tgz >> local.tgz >> /etc/shadow tar xzf [to un-zip] & tar czf [to zip] @@ls -ltr /etc/vmware/hostd/ config.xml authorization.xml proxy.xml vmInventory.xml [VM inventory if VM showing disconnected rm this file restart th e services >> services.sh restart] hostsvc.xml vmAutoStart.xml [virtual machines are configured to autostart] @@Corrupt VMX File **create a vm choose existing disk & map to the vmdk **Create VMX File from vmware.log file; Delete all data before config.version = 8 & aft er --- USER DEFAULTS. :%s/Feb 28 18:11:47.799: vmx| DICT//g *** Go to uuid.location, uuid.bios & vc.uuid & insert "" @@ find / -name "*.vmx" and find / -name "*.vmdk" @@ Show number of files in a folder ~ # ls -l /etc |wc -l @@ For HA #the hostname should be in lowercase #hostname # hostname s # /etc/hos ts [add hostname]# /etc/resolv.conf [DNS entry should be same]#/etc/vmware/esx.c onf [check hostname] @@ Independent disks are not affected by snapshots **Persistent changes to the d isk are permanent even if the virtual machine is reverted to a snapshot ** Nonpe rsistent whenever the virtual machine is powered off or reverted to a snapshot, the contents of the disk return to their original state. All later changes are d iscarded. @@ Alt+F11 : Summary information # Alt+F12 : vmkernel log @@ vmkping D pings all Management Networks,VMkernel interfaces & default routes @@ Shares Low (500) Normal (1000) High (2000) Custom

@@ Host Profiles, you capture a policy that contains the configuration of networ king, storage, security settings, and other features from a properly configured host. That policy can then be applied to other hosts to ensure configuration com pliance. @@ Difference between ESX & ESXI *** Web-based management is not available on ESXI. *** ESXi does not enable you to add device drivers manually during installation *** Service Console port is handled by the VMkernel port in ESXi. *** ESXI partitions are auto configured. *** We can not change time zone in ESXI auto configured to UTC Coordinated Unive rsal Time. *** Vspear client was part of esx in esxi it downloads from vmware site. @@ Here is the common log file structure in ESXi /var/log/vmware/hostd.log ESXi Service Log var/log/vmware/vpx/vpxa.log vCenter Agent Logs /var/log/messages Syslog Log (Combines vpxa & hostd & kernel) /var/log/sysboot.log boot log /var/log/vmware/aam/aam_config_util_monitornodes.log VMware HA Logs @@ commands to collect disk and LUN information from within ESX/ESXi: #esxcfg-mpath -b #esxcfg-scsidevs -l #esxcfg-scsidevs -m #ls -alh /vmfs/devices/ disks # partedUtil getptbl "/vmfs/devices/disks/xxx" {Gives partation Information} # partedUtil getptbl; resize; delete @@ Check the disk Size ls -lh filename # check disk-usage du -h filename @@ Benefits received by installing VMware Tools on your Guest OS ** Graphics Performance: installs a SVGA driver that increases video refresh. ** Accelerated Mouse Driver: For increased mouse responsiveness. ** Memory optimization. VMware Tools also includes the memory balloon driver ** Time sync between host and guest. VMware Tools can disable the Internet time sync for each VM, which can eliminate NTP traffic and reduce network utilization . ** Run Scripts: Scripts can be defined to run after particular events ** Shrink the Virtual Disk: By reducing the amount of disk space a VM s virtual di sk takes ** Guest Shutdown without Logging On: ** The vmxnet networking driver for some guest operating systems. @@ default users created root:nobody:nfsnobody:dcui:daemon:vimuser:vpxuser: @@ Service resatart #/etc/init.d/service stop|start|restart|status @@ /etc/opt/init.d/vmware-aam stop|start|restart & /etc/opt/init.d/vmware-vpxa @@ Edit the vmx file Add this line: sched.swap.dir = /vmfs/volumes/datastore/ @@ To enable or disable the services # chkconfig --list #chkconfig dcui off Changing the chkconfig disables the service and is persistent across reboots @@ Each FC-HBA has a storage (MAC) address called a worldwide port name (WWPN) @@ Cannot connect to the host directly with VI Client & Vcenter either To resolve this issue, you must delete files in /var/lib/vmware/hostd/stats. ssh >> cd /var/lib/vmware/hostd/stats >> rm * @@ Virtual machine(s) appear as unknown in inventory on host and invalid in vCen

ter Server Remove the host from vCenter Server Inventory >> ssh >> cd /etc/vmware/hostd >> rm vmInventory.xml >> services.sh restart >> it creates a blank file >> rerigest er the VM's @@ What are the requirements to perform a VMotion? 1.VMkernal port with vmotion enabled & same Network Label. 2.The VM not connected to a CD-ROM or floppy image stored on local drive. 3.The VM's affinity must not be set ( bound to physical CPUs). 4.The VM must not be clustered with another VM 5.The two ESX servers involved must use shared storage. 6.The two ESX servers involved must be connected via Gigabit Ethernet. 7.The two ESX servers involved must have access to the same physical networks. 8.The two ESX servers involved must have compatible CPUs. @@ vCenter Server cannot connect to a host check I.P of ESXI host & VCenter serv er # cat /etc/opt/vmware/vpxa/vpxa.cfg |egrep -i ip <hostIp>192.168.1.60</hostIp> <serverIp>192.168.1.40</serverIp> @@ Right Click the Host & choose Reconfigure for Vmware HA @@ Create a VMkernelPort on vSwitch via the command line: esxcfg-vswitch l (List vSwitch) esxcfg-vswitch a vSwitch1 (Create vSwitch) esxcfg-vswitch A ISCSI vSwitch1 (Create port group) esxcfg-vmknic -a -i 10.10.10.33 -n 255.255.255.0 ISCSI (Assign IP) esxcfg-vmknic l (List VMkernelPort) cat /etc/vmware/esx.conf |grep address esxcfg-nics -l [All physical nics on the Host] esxcfg-vswitch -L vmnic2 vSwitch1 [add uplink vmnic2 to the virtual switch] esxcfg-vswitch -U vmnic2 vSwitch1 [remove uplink vmnic2 to the virtual switch] esxcfg-vmknic -i 192.168.1.32 -n 255.255.255.0 "Management Network" [Change IP o f management network] @@ Enable vMotion on vmkernel portgroup # vim-cmd hostsvc/vmotion/vnic_set vmk1 Disabling vMotion Port # vim-cmd hostsvc/vmotion/vnic_unset vmk1 @@ Generating new certificates for the ESX host # vim-cmd hostsvc/maintenance_mode_enter 'vim.Task:haTask-ha-host-vim.HostSystem.enterMaintenanceMode-81' # vim-cmd hostsvc/task_list 'vim.Task:haTask-ha-host-vim.HostSystem.enterMaintenanceMode-81' # vim-cmd hostsvc/hostsummary |egrep -i maintenance inMaintenanceMode = true, # vim-cmd hostsvc/hostsummary |egrep -i version version = "4.1.0" # cd /etc/vmware/ssl # rm * # reboot {recreates files rui.crt & rui.key of 0 kb size} # scp root@192.168.1.60:/etc/vmware/ssl/rui.key ./ {where 192.168.1.60 is a work ing host} # scp root@192.168.1.60:/etc/vmware/ssl/rui.crt ./ {where 192.168.1.60 is a work ing host} # services.sh restart {now connects via vspear client & vcenter} # vim-cmd hostsvc/maintenance_mode_exit @@ By default, Promiscuous Mode is set to Reject, and MAC Address Changes and Fo

rged Transmits are set to Accept. #promiscuous mode causes it to receive all frames passed on the virtual switch #MAC Address Changes Accept MAC address other than what is in the .vmx file #Forged Transmits: Accept No filtering is performed, and all outbound frames are passed. Reject Outbound frames with a source MAC address that is different from the one set on the adapter are dropped. @@ Traffic Shaping Policy By-Default this setting is status: Disabled @@ NIC Teaming Load Balancing [Default]Route based on the originating port ID Network Failover Detection [Default] Link Status only Notify Switches [Default] yes Failback Select [Default] yes @@config.version = "8" virtualHW.version = "7" guestOS = "winxppro" @@ ethernet0.present = "TRUE" ethernet0.virtualDev = "e1000" ethernet0.networkName = "VM Network" ethernet0.addressType = "static" ethernet0.Address = "00:50:56:ad:00:01"