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Australian Standard

Residual bitumen for pavements

AS 2008—1997
 This Australian Standard was prepared by Committee CH/25, Bitumen and Related
Products (for Roadmaking). It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards
Australia on 6 December 1996 and published on 5 February 1997.

The following interests are represented on Committee CH/25:

ARRB Transport Research
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Australian Asphalt Pavement Association

Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry
Australian Institute of Petroleum
Australian Road Research Board
AUSTROADS
Bureau of Steel Manufacturers of Australia
New Zealand Bitumen Contractors Association
The Works Consultancy Services, New Zealand

Review of Australian Standards. To keep abreast of progress in industry, Australian Standards are
subject to periodic review and are kept up to date by the issue of amendments or new editions as
necessary. It is important therefore that Standards users ensure that they are in possession of the latest
editi on, and any amendments thereto.
Full detail s of all Australian Standards and related publications will be found in the Standards Australi a
Catalogue of Publi cations; this information is supplemented each month by the magazine ‘The
Australian Standard’, which subscribing members receive, and which gives detail s of new publications,
new editions and amendments, and of withdrawn Standards.
Suggestions for improvements to Australian Standards, addressed to the head office of Standards
Australia, are welcomed. Noti fication of any inaccuracy or ambiguity found in an Australian Standard
should be made wit hout delay in order that the matter may be investigated and appropriate action taken.

This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 93192.

 AS 2008—1997

Australian Standard
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Residual bitumen for pavements

PUBLISHED BY STANDARDS AUSTRALIA

(STANDARDS ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA)
1 THE CRESCENT, HOMEBUSH, NSW 2140
ISBN 0 7337 0907 9
 AS 2008 — 1997 2

PREFACE

This Standard was prepared by the Joint Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand
Committee on Bitumen and Related Products (for Roadmaking) to supersede
AS 2008—1980. The Standard is the result of a consensus among the Australian and
New Zealand representatives on the Joint Committee that it be produced as an Australian
Standard.
It is one of a series relating to material for roadmaking purposes. Other Standards in the
series are as follows:
AS
1160 Bitumen emulsions for construction and maintenance of pavements
1507 Road tars for pavements
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2150 Hot mix asphalt

2157 Cutback bitumen
The main change in this edition is related to the penetration test conditions and
requirements. The new conditions, in line with international Standards, are 25°C under a
100 g load for 5 s. From a large number of tests it was found that the relationship
between this standard penetration test and that at conditions of 15°C under a 200 g load
for 60 s was essentially a constant and little benefit was to be gained by having test
conditions unique to Australia.
As before, a range of viscosities is imposed at 60°C and 135°C to confine bitumen to an
acceptable range of temperature susceptibility. To exclude bitumens of a high temperature
susceptibility, which may be too brittle at low road temperatures, a minimum limit is
placed on the penetration at 25°C.
These controls on consistency at the top, middle and near the bottom of the practical
temperature zone adequately specify the rheological properties of bitumens and also focus
attention on the bitumen consistency at temperatures which are relevant to possible
performance problems.
It is considered that the use of a flashpoint minimum is sufficient to safeguard against
contamination by cutting and fluxing materials.
The terms ‘normative’ and ‘informative’ have been used in this Standard to define the
application of the appendix to which they apply. A ‘normative’ appendix is an integral
part of a Standard, whereas an ‘informative’ appendix is only for information and
guidance.

 Copyright STANDARDS AUSTRALIA

Users of Standards are reminded that copyright subsists in all Standards Australi a publications and software. Except where the
Copyri ght Act allows and except where provided for below no publi cati ons or soft ware produced by Standards Austr alia may be
reproduced, stored in a retri eval system in any form or transmitt ed by any means wit hout pri or permission in writ ing from
Standards Austr alia. Permission may be conditi onal on an appropri ate royalty payment. Requests for permission and information
on commercial soft ware royalt ies should be dir ected to the head off ice of Standards Australi a.
Standards Austr alia wil l permit up to 10 percent of the technical content pages of a Standard to be copied for use
exclusively in-house by purchasers of the Standard without payment of a royalty or advice to Standards Austr alia.
Standards Austr alia will also permit the inclusion of its copyri ght material in computer soft ware programs for no royalt y
payment provided such programs are used exclusively in-house by the creators of the programs.
Care should be taken to ensure that materi al used is fr om the current editi on of the Standard and that it is updated whenever the
Standard is amended or revised. The number and date of the Standard should therefore be clearly identif ied.
The use of materi al in pri nt form or in computer soft ware programs to be used commerciall y, wit h or wit hout payment, or in
commercial contr acts is subject to the payment of a royalt y. This policy may be varied by Standards Australi a at any ti me.
 3 AS 2008 — 1997

CONTENTS
Page

1 SCOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... .. .. .. . .. . .. .. .. .. . .. ... ... .. .. .. 4

2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS .... .. .. .. . .. . .... ..... ..... ... .. .. .. 4
3 DEFINITION . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. . .. . . ... .. .. . . .. .. . .. .. .. .. 4
4 CLASSIFICATION . . . . . . . . . .. . .. .. .. . .. . ..... ... . . .. .. .. . .. .. .. 4
5 PROPERTIES . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. . .. . . ... .. .. . . .. .. . .. .. .. .. 5
6 SAMPLING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .. .. .. . .. . ... .. .. .. .. ... ... .. .. .. 5

APPENDICES
A PURCHASING GUIDELINES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
B SAMPLING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
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Originated as AS A10 — 1938.

Previous edit ion AS 2008 — 1980.
Thir d edit ion 1997.
 AS 2008 — 1997 4

STANDARDS AUSTRALIA

Australian Standard
Residual bitumen for pavements

1 SCOPE This Standard specifies requirements for residual bitumens intended for use
in the construction and maintenance of pavements.
NOTE: Purchasing guidelines are set out in Appendix A.

2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS The following documents are referred to in this

Standard:
AS
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2341 Methods of testing bitumen and related roadmaking products

2341.2 Method 2: Determination of dynamic (coefficient of shear) viscosity by flow
through a capillary tube
2341.3 Method 3: Determination of kinematic viscosity by flow through a capillary
tube
2341.4 Method 4: Determination of dynamic viscosity by rotational viscometer
2341.5 Method 5: Determination of apparent viscosity by ‘Shell’ sliding plate
micro-viscometer
2341.7 Method 7: Determination of density using a density bottle
2341.8 Method 8: Determination of matter insoluble in toluene
2341.10 Method 10: Determination of the effect of heat and air on a moving film of
bitumen (rolling thin film oven (RTFO) test)
2341.12 Method 12: Determination of penetration
2341.13 Method 13: Long-term exposure to heat and air
2341.14 Method 14: Determination of flashpoint of residual bitumen

3 DEFINITION For the purpose of this Standard, the definition below applies.
3.1 Residual bitumen —bituminous materials obtained by processing the residue from
the refining of naturally-occurring crude petroleum.

4 CLASSIFICATION The residual bitumen shall be classified on the basis of its

consistency expressed in terms of viscosity at 60°C as shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1
CLASSIFICATION OF RESIDUAL BITUMEN

Viscosity at 60°C
Class
Pa.s
50 40 to 60
170 140 to 200
320 260 to 380
600 500 to 700

COPYRIGHT
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AS 2008-1997, Residual bitumen for pavements

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