TABLE OF CONTENTS

SL NO: 1 2 2.1 2.2 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5 6 INTRODUCTION

TOPIC

PAGE NO: 7 12 15 16 18 22 23 25 27 28 35 38 41 47 49 54 54 59 63 67 68

INDUSTRY PROFILE
GLOBAL SCENARIO INDIAN SCENARIO

COMPANY PROFILE
ORGANISATION STRUCTURE PRODUCT PROFILE PRODUCTION PROCESS

FUNCTIONAL DEPARTMENTS
PERSONNEL &ADMINISTRATION DEPARTMENT PURCHASE DEPARTMENT STORES DEPARTMENT PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT QUALITY ASSURANCE DEPARTMENT COMMERCIAL DEPARTMENT AVERAGE SALE OF KSBC COMPARISON OF SALES FINANCE DEPARTMENT

SWOT ANALYSIS CONCLUSION BIBLIOGRAPHY

CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION

Bamboo is one of the oldest building materials known to humanity. It is a relative newcomer to the naturalmoulding market, offering a look no of distinction for your dcor. Strong, long lasting, ecologically friendly and absoulutelybeautifull, bamboo is quite possible the perfect product. Increasingly popular, the future of bamboo is bright. Bamboo has been used in Chinafor over 5000 years- the earliest history of bamboo used in the entire world. In ancient China bamboo was used for making books, food,paper, some of the greatest palace buildings the emperors had and many other items. In the Jin dynasty a special book on bamboo was written265-316 AD. Bamboo was closely connected to the daily lives of the people. The people of the time used bamboo as firewood and to make tiles, paper, rafts, hats, rain caps and shoes. At that time as today bamboo shoots were eaten as a popular dish because of their crispness and freshness and sweet taste. Bamboo shoots also contain vitamins, sugar, fat and protein. Bamboos are of notable economic and cultural significance in South Asia, South East Asia and East Asia, being used for building materials,as a food source and as a versatile raw product. There are more than 70 genera divided into about 1,450 species. Bamboos are found in diverse climates, from cold mountains to hot tropical regions. In India they are found in the Himalayan ranges and also in the west. In Kerala it is found in abundance in the forest of Malayattoor, Edamalayar, Adimaly, Pooyamkutty, Thalukkandam, Athirappilly and Vazhachal, Ranni and in other forest ranges. The best bamboo growing area is Pooyamkkutty. It is a well known fact that the tropical people of the world use bamboo in a great variety of
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ways. In Kerala also people cut reeds from the forest and make mats and baskets out of them. The revolution in the industrial bamboo subsectorbegan in china 15 years ago when it was forced to innovate in response to scarce timber resources. Previously factories purchased whole culms for production and were forced to deal with mountains of culm residue and waste. This led ultimately to technical and supply chain innovations which produced the critical supply chain step of pre-processing. At or near- source,pre-processing workshops with specialized but simple machinery separate bamboo culms into various parts and direct these parts into different supply chains. This creates industry-wide efficiency and greater value- adding at the local level. The Kerala State Bamboo Corporation Ltd., a government of Kerala undertaking, was established in the year 1971, with a mission to support and uplift the bamboo weaving and reed cutting community as well as other traditional workers depending on bamboo resources. It is an ISO 9001-2000 certified company.The corporations Bamboo Board Factory is situated at Angamaly and the bamboo plies produced are marketed all over the world through its dealers. The mission of the Kerala State Bamboo Corporation Ltd. is mainly the welfare of the backward community or backward people. And also to increase the standard of living of the backward communities and backward people.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

To Study about different departments in the organization To interact with the managers at different level and understand their responsibilities To the various activities done in the organization.

To study the policies adopted the company.

PERIOD OF THE STUDY

The study was for the duration of 30 days starting from 2 nd May to 31st May, 2011.

SCOPE OF THE STUDY

My study is based on the organization Kerala State Bamboo Corporation Ltd. The main aim of the study is to understand the working of the organization, its various departments and to identify the various activities done in the organization.

LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY The study would have been more effective if it was conducted for a longer period of time .Some of the records were not available due to strict rules and regulations.

CHAPTER-2 INDUSTRY PROFILE

INDUSTRY PROFILE

Bamboo,the fastest growing plant on earth is called the tree of the present century. It belongs to the botanical tribe Bambusease and the botanical family Pocease.Reeds are known by the botanical name OchalandraTravancorica .There are 1250 types of bamboo in the world ,137 types grow in India and 28 types in Kerala . About 250 crores of people directly or indirectly use bamboo. Over 4000 different types of products are made from it. It looks like a tall tree, though it is regarded as the tallest of the grasses. Bamboo grows primarily in the warm parts of Asia , Africa , and South Africa. Bamboo is considered as Natures Steel. It is believed to have made its appearance about 200 million years ago and is one of the most primitive plant species that survive today. It is an ecological wonder. The emerging shoots of bamboo are edible. The parts above grounds check pollution and parts below ground soil erosion. Bamboo has a wonderful carbon sequestration rate as 47%. Bamboo plants of one hectare absorb carbon-dioxide. It is a miraculous oxygen factory, generates 35% more oxygen than the timber species. In Kerala it is found in abundance in the forest of Malayattoor, Edamalayar,Adimaly,Pooyamkutty,Thalukkandam,Athirappillyand Vazhachal,Ranni and in other forest ranges.The best bamboo growing area is Pooyamkkutty. It is a well known fact that the tropical people of the world use bamboo in a great variety of ways. In Kerala also people cut reeds from the forest and make mats and baskets out of them. The Kerala State Bamboo Corporation Ltd. Was established in the year 1971, with a mission to support and uplift the bamboo weaving and reed cutting
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community as well as other traditional workers depending on bamboo resources.Its main objective are to develop and promote industries based on bamboo, reed and to provide financial, technical and other marketing assistance and guidance to industries or individuals engaged in similar activities.

WORLD OF BAMBOO The importance of bamboo is that it is eco-friendly, capable of meeting multifarious needs of the people at large and is gaining global acceptance.From a raw material known as poor mans timber bamboo is currently being elevated to the status of timber in 21st century. In India 136 species of bamboo in 36 genera are found to exist. The North East India holds the largest stock and diversity of bamboo. Next the Western Ghats area has the largest area under bamboos. Though India has the largest area under bamboo which is very low in comparison to other countries like China, Malaysia etc. It is estimated that 8 million artisans are depended on this craft for their livelihood . The annual turnover of the bamboo sector in India isestimated to be around Rs 2400 crores.

THE PRESENT POSITION OF THE INDUSTRY At present bulk of the bamboo mat production is carried on the areas in and around the surroundings of Ernakulam and Thrissur areas such as Angamaly, Neeleswaram,Kalady,Malayatoor, Vadalanchery, Chelakkara and Irinjalakuda. The finished products mainly bamboo mats, baskets etc are mostly dispatched by rail from Angamaly, Karutty and Chowara railway station. There are three separate operations in the industry:
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 The cutting of reeds and their collection from the forest. Transportation of the reeds to the center of production and The weaving of mats or making other products. The reeds have to be cut from the reserve forests after obtaining passes from the forest authorities. There are specialized workers to cut the reeds. They have to go deep into the forest to reach the spot were the proper quality of reeds are available. Usually they have to walk 10 to 15 kms through the forest from the nearest road and it may even take as long as two days to reach the cutting areas. There they make temporary shelters on trees or other safe places from wild animals for camping at night and also carry provision with them for about two weeks. Water transportation is the cheapest means if river or canal facility is available. For instance from the Malayatoor area to the production centers transportation is mainly through Periyar river and its tributaries. Reeds are bundled and made into huge rafts and these are then transported through the river along the direction of the current. This is supposed to be a specialized and risky job as the rafts have to cross the water falls on the way. The people engaged in water transportation have to be specially trained. For weaving mats or baskets, the reeds are supplied by the bamboo corporation to the registered weaver families in credit and the finished products are collected back and marketed by the corporation. Rates are fixed for particular size of mats and the weaver gets the wage after deducting the value of the reed.

GLOBAL SCENARIO
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The bamboo product has a very good role in the global scenario. The use of the bamboo instead of the plastic and other fibreproducts reduce the pollution and the world will become more eco-friendly. The market for bamboo and bamboo products are growing and over the past years has been spearheaded by a rapid increase in bamboo production and trade coming out of China and other parts of Asia, Africa, Eastern Europe, Middle East and Latin America. Evidence exists that under the right conditions bamboo can be a leading sector for industrialization and large-scale poverty reduction. The current market size as against the projected market size by 2017 for some of the products would be as follows. In view of the global market trends in bamboo usage coupled with the fact that India has the largest recorded bamboo resources globally. Trade regulations for bamboo are usually the same as those for wood both at international and regional levels. Despite bamboos inherent advantages for livelihood and environmental sustainability only, China,India and Vietnam, have favorable policies towards bamboo at present . Further, the customs codes that are used for collection of trade statistics do not specially define bamboo products within their categories and it is necessary to interpolate to derive best guess estimates . INBAR has however produced a new series of codes that will be implemented by the World Customs Organization from 2007-2008, and this should enable more accurate understanding of the trade.

INDIAN SCENARIO
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India is the second richest bamboo resource country in the world, next only to China. In terms of genetic diversity, India has 136 bamboo species under 75 genera. About 89bamboo species out of 126 recorded in India under 16 genera grow naturally in different areas are cultivated. Though India has bamboo resources in about 9 million hectare, the high yield is low at 3 tonne per hectare per annum as the cultivation is not intensively managed. China has gone for intensive commercial cultivation of bamboo and has increased the average yield to 25 tonne per hectare per annum. Within two decades of the initiatives, China has been able to convert their traditional bamboo- based handicrafts sector into a mechanized one . However in India, the situation is under change with the launch of the National Bamboo Mission (NBM) a year ago. The mission has taken up job for encouraging farmers to grow the right type of bamboos and facilitate bamboo based industries . The NBM works in coordination with the Cane and Bamboo Technology Support Group (BTSG) in 12 states including 8 north eastern states like Bihar, Jharkhand , West Bengal and Orissa.Training has been imparted to 300 farmers and 200 field functionaries within a span of one year. Two sites have been identified inAssam for the development of model bamboo clusters.BTSG has been entrusted with the job of certifying bamboo nurseries in north eastern India and the same job is being done by CBTC in other states. In India, 13.47 million tones of bamboo is harvested annually of which 11.7 million tones is utilized industrially in paper mills, then for fencing, for internal consumption in bamboo growing households, handicrafts and miscellaneous items like incense sticks, ladders, ice-cream sticks, agricultural implements etc. But no reliable estimates of quantities are available for any of these items. Due to the abundance of the natural product, small holders harvest
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the bamboo from the edges of their farms and their surroundings, there is negligible large-scale commercial cultivation of bamboo in India.

Major competetors of KSBC are Assam and Tripura units.

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CHAPTER- 3 COMPANY PROFILE

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COMPANY PROFILE

The Kerala State Bamboo Corporation Ltd., a government of Kerala undertaking, was established in the year 1971, with a mission to support and uplift the bamboo weaving and reed cutting community as well as other traditional workers depending on bamboo resources. Its main objectives are to develop and promote industries based on bamboo, reed and cane, to undertake manufacture and trading of bamboo, reed and cane products, to provide financial, technical, marketing or any other assistance and guidance to industries or individuals engaged in similar activities. It is an ISO 9001-2000 certified company. Bamboo industry is one of the age-old traditional industries of our state since KSBC is endeavoring for the upliftment of socially and economically backward classes of the society by generating employment and reasonable income for them. Reeds are the raw material of KSBC and are collected from the forest. The main products of KSBC are bamboo ply( Resin bonded bamboo mats with or without veneer in between) , Bamboo mats , and flattened bamboo boards. Kerala State Bamboo Corporations main activity is collection of good quality reeds from government forests and distributing these reeds to the registered mat weavers of the corporation, throughout the state of Kerala, on credit basis and procuring woven mats made of these reeds at reasonable prices , thus providing employment and regular means of livelihood to these weaker sections of the society. Mainly four types of mats are being produced in the company. They are commercial mat, core mat, special mat and chanda mat. Among these commercial mats and chanda mats are being sold and the others are used for the manufacturing of bamboo plies. The corporations Bamboo Board Factory is

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situated at Angamaly and the bamboo plies produced are marketed all over the world through its dealers. With a capital of about Rs 645 lakhs, this corporation is serving almost one lakh of traditional workers. That doesnt mean that these people are the employees of KSBC. KSBC is just arranging facilities for job to these people and help them to earn reasonable income. About 80% of these traditional workers belong to socially and economically backward classes. Another important aspect is that most of the mat weavers attached to the corporation is women. The corporation is authorized by the Government of Kerala to collect 30,000 M.T(metric tonnes) of reeds per annum from the various parts of the forests. It has 8 reed collection centers, 87 depots for distributing reeds to the weavers, and 16 reed distribution centers to supply reeds to the traditional workers. The centers are located at different parts of the state. The major activities of KSBC are given below: Reed collection from the forest areas through 8 reed collection centers. Around 2500 workers are engaged in reed cutting activity Collected reeds are dispatched to 16 reed distribution centers and are being sold to traditional household items and to 87 Mat procurement depots and distributed to mat weavers for weaving mats. Distributing reeds to the weavers for mat-weaving through mat procurement depots by giving a subsidy of approximately Rs.1.10 per reed. Reeds are distributed to weavers on credit , when mats are collected the values of reeds are adjusted and balance is paid in cash. Collecting the mats from the weavers through dippos. Then mats are categorized depending on the quality as commercial mats ,special face

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mats , chanda mats and core mats. Special

mats and core mats are

transported to the bamboo board factory to produce bamboo ply. Manufacturing bamboo plies of different dimension and thickness in its factory. The selected golden yellow mats( special face mats and core mats) are glued and pressed together with phenol resin touch under high pressure and temperature,resulting into the boards bamboo ply. Marketing of the bamboo plies and bamboo mats through its marketing department. The corporation has several dealers at different parts of the country and bamboo ply , mats and boards are being sold through these dealers. Conducting more research activities for thedevelopment of bamboo based products. The corporation is also in constant touch with Indian plywood Research and Training Institute,Bangalore,Cochin university of Science & Technology, Kerala State Forest Research Institute etc. in order to adopt the changes/innovations taking place in the field.

RAW MATERIAL REEDS

OchalandraTravancoria reed or simply reed is a rare species of bamboo found abundantly in the forests of Kerala. Bamboo mats woven from reeds are very popular in the state and so bamboo ply, the resin bonded bamboo mats, are accepted by the people. Bamboo ply is a good substitute for wood/plywood based applications. Since the plant propagates rapidly and the collection method is by select felling, the ecological balance is not distributed even if reeds are cut in large numbers. For centuries man has been using bamboo for various purposes. As a natural renewable resource, bamboo is regaining its popularity in the modern world.
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VISION The vision of the Kerala State Bamboo Corporation Ltd. is mainly the social welfare and commitment.

MISSION The mission of the Kerala State Bamboo Corporation Ltd. is mainly the welfare of the backward community or backward people. And also to increase the standard of living of the backward communities and backward people.

OBJECTIVES The main objective of the company are: 1. To develop and promote industries based on bamboo, reed and cane. 2. To undertake manufacturing and trading of bamboo, reed and cane products. 3. To provide financial, technical, marketing or any other assistance and guidance to any establishment or enterprise. 4. To carry out sales promotional activities with the object of improving the marketability of bamboo, reed and cane products anywhere in the world.

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ORGANISATION STRUCTURE

Chairman

Managing Director

Commercial Manager

Manager (P&A)

Finance Manager

Plant Engineer

Company Secretary

Office Superintendent Accounts Officer Accountant Divisional Officer

Div. Officer(stores)

Plant Supervisor (Prod.)

Supervisor Operators

Depot/field Assistant Clerk/typists Workers

Workers

Div. Off. (Sales)

Div.Off. (Mats)

Div. Off. (Reeds)

Div. Off. (S&D)

Accountants/ Cashier 19

Internal Auditors

PRODUCT PROFILE The following are the major products of KSBC: (i) (ii) (iii) Bambooply (Resin Bonded mats with or without veneer in between) Bamboo mats. Flattened Bamboo Board.

BAMBOO PLY Bambooply, the most elegant, eco-friendly alternative of wood, makes the interiors world class and style. The zigzag pattern and natural design with golden yellow colourof bamboo ply give the rooms a very classy,and glamorous appearance. From the green forest, the reeds are transformed into netted matting by the magic hands of the weaver. The selected golden yellow mats are glued and pressed together with phenol resin touch under high pressure and temperature,resulting into the boards- bamboo ply. At every step, extreme care is taken to retain the natural goodness of the reeds in the golden yellow colour of the slivers. It is zero effluent processing. Bambooply is manufactured in various sizes and thickness such as 6x3(1.83 mts x 0.92mts),6x4 (1.83mts x 1.22 mts) and 8x4(2.44mts x1.22 mts) and in 3mm, 4mm, 6mm, 9mm and 12mm thickness respectively . 3mm and 4mm thickness boards are manufactured using only bamboo mats and are known as bamboo mat boards, whereas 6mm and higher thickness boards use, bamboo mats and veneer in between .Veneer is the flattened piece of silver rock tree. These are used for increasing the thickness of the boards and thereby reducing the production cost. Another advantage of using veneer is that the board will last for long years. In some other companies rubber and other trees are used

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instead of veneer ,which reduces the lasting period. These boards are known as bamboo veneer companies. Bamboo ply is ideal for paneling ceiling , partition, furniture, cots, doors, car door panels, auto body building ,windows etc. It is strong and durable than plywood. It exhibits endurance in all weather conditions. Being water resistant, heat resistant and termite proof , it leaves no room for damages caused by humidity, heat and termite attack. Thus bamboo ply is an excellent furnishing material. It is very economical than wood. Bamboo ply is being produced in the Bamboo Board Factory.

BAMBOO MAT Bamboo mats are mainly used for dunnage purpose and for covering temporary shelters. Food Corporation of India(FCI) and Central/State warehousing corporations use these mats for dunnage purpose. Sugar mills in Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu use mats for covering temporary shelters during sugar seasons.

FLATTENED BAMBOO BOARD Flattened bamboo board is mainly used for shuttering purpose. It is made by bamboo strips . The strips are made in feeder units at different parts of Kerala state. Flattened bamboo board is manufactured at Bamboo Board Factory, Angamaly in various thickness such as 12mm and 16mm and in 8*4 size. It is a wood substitute. New projects and R&D Activities Implementation of following New Projects is being proposed:i.
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Bamboo Flooring Tiles.

R&D ACTIVITIES To reduce the cost of production of bamboo ply they are developing thicker mats from reeds as well as Bamboo as core mats for bambooply. Already produced some thicker mats with reeds and production of bamboo ply on trial basis is in progress and further trials are also going on to improve this for commercialization.

PRODUCTON PROCESS

Mainly four types of bamboo mats are being produced in the company. They are : special mat, core mat, commercial mat and chanda mat. In these types, the special mat and core mat are used for the production of plywood. They are directly transported to the Bamboo Board Factory which is located nearby. The process of manufacturing bambooply is a zero effluent processing. The main raw material used in the bamboo board factory is bamboo mats. Special face mats and core mats are used in the factory. The first process in the manufacturing of bamboo ply is drying the bamboo mats with the help of a drier. Then by bonding these mats using the Phenol Formaldehyde Resin under high temperature and pressure, the bamboo ply is produced. Phenol Formaldehyde resin is a very good bonding agent. Special face mats are high quality mats and are placed at the top and the bottom and core mats are inserted between these face mats. 3mm and 4 mm thickness boards are manufactured using only bamboo mats are knows as bamboo mat boards, whereas 6 mm and higher thickness boards use, bamboo mats and veneer in between. These boards
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are known as bamboo veneer composites. After this,the boards are allowed to cool. Then the dimensions of the board will be corrected to the standard dimension by cutting edges. And in the next stage these boards are checked and categorized into different grades according to the quality and moved to the finished product godown.

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CHAPTER-4 FUNCTIONAL DEPARTMENTS

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PERSONNEL & ADMINISTRATION DEPARTMENT

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PERSONNEL AND ADMINISTRATION DEPARTMENT

Human resource is the most important resource in any organization. To achieve the pre-determined objectives, an organization should have efficient, satisfied and well- motivated employees. According to Edwin B Flippo, Human Resource Management is the planning, organizing, directing, controlling the procurement, development, compensation, maintanence, integration and separation of human resources to the end that individual and societal objectives are accomplished. In Kerala State Bamboo Corporation HR department is functioning in the head office at Angamaly. This department is headed by Personnel & Administration Manager. An Office superintendent helps the Manager(P & A) in matters related with the department. Under him there is one accountant, two clerk/typists and one peon are there. The following are the major activities of HR department: To maintain better industrial relations in the organization. To implement and manage welfare measures for the employees. To maintain all personnel records and carry out all administrative works related with the department. To formulate and implement personnel policies and procedures.

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RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION Kerala State Bamboo Corporation Limited is owned by Kerala Government. So the entire control of the corporation is in the hands of State Government. Chairman and members of director board including Managing Directors are appointed directly by the government. All office staffs and technical staffs are recruited by PSC examination. Top level executives are appointed by Board of Directors through selection with Government approval. For this they invite applications through news papers or through any other media. The indirect workers like reed cutters, mat weavers and loading and unloading workers who transport raw materials should register their name in the corporation. The corporation will sanction application for registration from the people if it deserves.

TRAINING The corporation conducts training programme for mat weavers. The productivity council gives training for the staffs and workers of KSBC.

REMUNERATION AND OTHER BENEFITS State Government decides remuneration or wages for the employees in KSBC. There is fixed salary scale for each post or each work. The corporation gives salary on that basis. And salary of the staff change according to state government decision.

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Salary and other monetary benefits to all employees and indirect workers are prepared in every month by computerized billing system. The benefits provided by the KSBC to its employees are bonus, provident fund, gratuity, festival allowances, welfare fund, loan facility, ESI etc. Almost all employees of the corporation have LIC policy under salary saving scheme. Piece rate system is being followed for the mat weavers. The premium amount of the policy will be recovered from the salary of the employees and will be remitted to concerned units of LIC in every month. Canteen facility is also available in Bamboo Board Factory.

WELFARE MEASURES FOR INDIRECT WORKERS Wages and other benefits of all indirect workers like mat weavers, reed cutters, loading/transporting workers etc. are distributed through depots. Reed cutters have been covered under Janatha Personal Accident Insurance and JanarogyaBhima Policy for reimbursement of medical expense and for getting death aid. The corporation gives incentive/bonus to the reed cutters and mat weavers every year as per the prevailing norms. The corporation extended employees Provident Fund Benefit and ESI coverage to the daily wage workers in depots and in the godowns. In KSBC there are 4 godowns and all together there are 40 workers in the godowns. There are almost 60 mat weaving workers. The loading/transporting workers are covered under mediclaim, janatha personal accident and personal accident policies of National Insurance Co. for reimbursement of medical assistance and death aid. Incentives and bonuses were also given to these workers.

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ANNUAL INCREMENT All employees are eligible for an annual increment. Annual increment of an employee can be blocked as a punishment.

PROMOTION AND DEMOTION In KSBC if one vacancy is to be filled, the employee having more service in the next layer will be promoted. That is, promotion criteria will be based upon seniority. According to Kerala Service Rules, all eligible employees will get time bound higher grade promotions. The first higher grade promotion will be given to an employee after the completion of 10 years of service. The second higher grade promotion will be given after the completion of 18 years of service and the third higher grade promotion will be given after completion of 23 years of service. The employees salary scale also will be changed depending upon the grade. Demotion may also accur in KSBC as a tool of punishment.

TRANSFER The employees will be transferred by the corporation. Every depot supervisor and reed collection officer will be transferred in every three years.

INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS The management is maintaining good relationship with the employees and trade unions. Personnel department gives more importance to solve the problems and grievences of employees.
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In KSBC, two trade unions, INTUC and CITU are functioning among the staff. There are four trade unions functioning among the factory workers. A number of trade unions are functioning among the reed cutters, mat weavers etc. BBFWC-Bamboo Board Factory Workers Congress BBFWC- Bamboo Board Factory Workers Union KSBC-Kerala State Bamboo Corporation Swathanthrathozhilali Union INTUC-Indian National Trade Union Corporation

EMPLOYEES AND WORKING TIME KSBC has a total of about 380 employees, including managers, staffs and workers. There are a large number of other workers who are engaged in various activities under KSBC. The working time of all employees other than Bamboo Board Factory workers is from 10 am to 5 pm. In Bamboo Board Factory there was two shifts earlier- day shift and night shift. Day shift was from 8 am to 4 pm and the night shift was from 4 pm to 12 am. But now due to the lack of raw materials, there is only one shift that is from 9 am 5 pm.

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DEPARTMENT STRUCTURE

MANAGER(P&A)

OFFICE SUPERINTENDENT

ACCOUNTANT

CLERK/TYPISTS

PEON

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PURCHASE DEPARTMENT

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PURCHASE DEPARTMENT

Purchase department mainly deals with the purchase of the raw materials required in the company and factory. It deals with the purchase of the raw materials such as phenol, formaldehyde, caustic soda, veneer, coconut shell as per the requirements given by the stores department. When the raw materials are about to finish, the production supervisor will report it to the store department and from there to the purchase department. The main duty of the purchase department is to make available the raw materials at the right time and at right cost. Major raw materials such as phenol and caustic soda are purchased from private parties. Hence there is no need for acquiring quotations. Phenol is mainly purchased from HOC Udyogamandal. It is purchased yearly and about 9MT of phenol is purchased. According to the variations in the market the price of the phenol also changes. Caustic soda is purchased from TCC Eloor. About one tonne of it is required. Another major raw material is formaldehyde. It is purchased through calling tender.About 200 tonnes of formaldehyde is required every year. It is mainly purchased from Western India Chemicals, Punithura. Another raw material is veneer. It is purchased mainly from Vaathikulambusiness links. Another duty of this department is the purchase of coconut shell which is required in the boiler for producing steam which used in the drier. It is mainly purchased from TJB Agencies, Chalakudy.About 500 tonne/year is required. The daily stock is checked by the stores department by checking the stores register which includes the receipts, issues and the balance. Another duty of the
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Purchase department is the purchase of machineries such as boiler, drier,resin kettle etc. it is purchased from Chennai, Mumbai etc. this department also deals with the purchase of gear oil and kerosene which is used as releasing agents. It also deals with the purchase of the workers gloves which is purchased from Chennai.This department also deals with the maintenance of the boilers and other machines. Major records prepared are purchase register, list of files and quotation register.

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STORES DEPARTMENT

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STORES DEPARTMENT

There is a Divisional Officer in charge of the stores department. Under him there is a supervisor and Depot/Field Assistant, helper and other workers. Main duty of this department is the storage and dispatch of the purchased

rawmaterials and the finished goods. The rawmaterials purchased by the purchase department are transformed to the stores department and from there to the production unit. It is duty of the stores department to register the receipts, issues and the balance in the stock. When there is in need of rawmaterials it is the duty of this department to report it to the purchase department as early as possible. Otherwise it will affect the production. When the raw materials like face mats, core mats, phenol, formaldehyde etc are purchased it is transformed to the stores department and it is stored with care in the godown. As per the requirements of the production unit it is being supplied to there. It is the duty of this department to store the finished goods. As per the sales orders, it is supplied to the dealers. The finished goods produced are sorted according to the quality into first quality and secondquality. The sorted finished products are stored in the stores department. At every step, extreme care is taken to retain the natural goodness of the bamboo ply. Care should be given such that it is not affected by termite, mouse etc. If there is water content or moisture in the storage area it will cause damage to the products. Earlier First In First Out (FIFO) method were followed, but now for the convenience of the workers Last In First Out(LIFO) method is followed. The damaged boards can be repaired to a small extent. But severe damages cannot be repaired. There is a provision of store loss in this department where all these losses are added.
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DEPARTMENT STRUCTURE

PLANT ENGINEER

DIVISIONAL OFFICER

SUPERVISOR

DEPOT/ FIELD ASSISTANT

HELPER

WORKERS

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PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT

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PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT

KSBC Produces Bambooply and Flattened Bamboo Board in its Bamboo Board Factory situated at Angamaly. Bamboo mats are produced in the head office itself.Bambooply is ideal for paneling ceiling , partition, furniture, cots, doors, car doors panels , auto body building, windows etc. and flattened bamboo board is used for shuttering purpose. It is strong and durable than plywood . It exhibits endurance in all weather conditions. Being water resistant , heat resistant, and termite proof , it leaves no room for damages caused by humidity , heat or termite attack. It is very economical than wood. Bambooply is manufactured in various sizes and thickness such as 6x3, 6x3, 8x4 and in 3mm, 4mm, 6mm, 9mm, 12mm thickness respectively. 3 mm and 4 mm thickness boards are manufactured using only bamboo mats and are known as bamboo mat boards, whereas 6mm and higher thickness boards use, bamboo mats and veneer in between. Veneer is used for increasing the thickness of the boards and it also increases the shelf life of the product. That is for a 6mm board, 2 face mats, 2 veneer and one core mat is being used which thereby reduces the production cost. These boards are known as bamboo veneer

composites. Both these boards confirm to the standards as per IS : 13958/94 and IS : 14588/99 which was tested by National Test House, Mumbai. Flattened Bamboo Board is manufactured in 12mm and 16mm thickness and in 8x4 size. KSBC was established in 1971. During the initial period, the corporations product was only bamboo mats. Then the corporation thought about bonding two or more bamboo mats to form bamboo plywood and samples of that product has been made with the assistance if Indian Plywood Research
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&Training Institute, Bangalore and Travancore Plywood Industry. They found that the new product bamboo ply would be a good substitute of ply wood. Then in 1985 Bamboo Board factory was established, to produce value added products using bamboo mats as the main raw material, thus creating better employment opportunities to the traditional bamboo workers who mostly belong to economically backward classes. The installed capacity of the plant is 200670sq.mt of bamboo ply in 4mm equivalent thickness per year(considered that the plant is operating one shift in a day). Commercial production started in 1990, in single shift and by 1993, due to increased market demand for bambooply , additional production over and above the targeted production fixed between the management and the unions was there. From the year 1999-2000 onwards bamboo board factory is working in two shifts. The production of bamboo ply was 1858 Sq Mtr.in 4mm equivalent thickness per day as part of new LTA(Long Term Agreement). The main raw materials used in the bamboo board factory are : Bamboo Mat(Special,face and core mats) Veneer Phenol Formaldehyde Caustic soda Coconut shell And the following raw materials are also being used in the factory: Gear oil Kerosene oil The gear and kerosene oil are used as releasing agents. It is used for easily releasing the boards from the aluminium sheets after pressing.
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The production process of bamboo ply: 1. Weaving 2. Drying 3. Stapling 4. Gluing 5. Pressing 6. Cutting

1. Weaving Bamboo silvers are to be air dried and the dried silvers are manually woven into mats of different sizes on specific requirements. Four types of mats are being produced. Out of these commercial mats and chanda mats are used only for sales and the core mat and the face mats are used in the factory for producing bamboo ply. 2. Drying The woven mats are then dried using the drier and the steam for this purpose is produced using the boiler machine. For this, coconut shell is made of use. 3. Stapling It is the next process. The mats are stapled according to the size. 4. Gluing The resin used for gluing is Phenol Formaldehyde which is produced in the company itself. And the raw materials used for the resin are phenol, formaldehyde and caustic soda. With the use of the spreading machine the resin is spreaded to the stapled mats.

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5. Pressing The glued mats are pressed in a hydraulic hot press machine. And it is done for only 5 min. After pressing the mats are kept for one day inorder to change into the normal temperature. 6. Cutting In this step the plywoods are trimmed according to the size required. Then in the next stage these boards are checked and categorized into different grades according to the quality and moved to the finished product godown which is the duty of the Quality Assurance Department. At every step extreme care is taken to retain the natural goodness of the reeds in the golden yellow colour of the silvers. Plant Engineer or Production Manager is the head of production department. Under him there are one Production Supervisor and two operators in the factory. There are all together 80 workers including two operators in the bamboo board factory. The plant was operating for two shifts earlier, but now due to the lack of raw materials there is only one shift now. When there is surplus raw materials, it will change into two shifts. At that time in a shift at least 36 workers are needed. More demand is for the 4mm and 6mm boards. The production capacity is 410 boards/ day for 6mm boards and 450 boards/ day for 4mm boards. For making 6mm boards 2 veneer, 2 face mats and 1 core mat is being used wheras for 4mm boards 2 face mats and 3 core mats are used.

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DEPARTMENT STRUCTURE

PLANT ENGINEER

PLANT SUPERVISOR

OPERATORS

WORKERS

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QUALITY ASSURANCE DEPARTMENT

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QUALITY ASSURANCE DEPARTMENT

This is another important department in the KSBC. This department is in charge of the quality of the purchased raw materials and the finished goods. The rawmaterial is the woven mats. Its quality determines the quality of the entire product. When the mat is collected from various dippos it the duty of this department to check its moisture content. The preferred moisture content range is 6-8%. If it above this range it is replaced and it is subjected to more drying. The size of the mat is an important matter. Hence when the weaved mat are collected its dimensions are also checked by this department. For the

preparation of bamboo ply, good quality mats are to be used. The mats used are core mats and face mats. It is the the duty of the quality assurance department to check the quality of the mats. For all the other raw materials also the quality is being ensured. In the rawmaterials like phenol and formaldehyde, the water content in it checked in the lab. In the case of veneer also the moisture content rate should be between 6% and 8%. The size of the veneer is also taken into consideration. After the production process , the quality of the finished goods are also checked. They have to check the blister(bonding),size etc. The finished goods are sorted according to the quality and they are classified as 1 st quality and 2nd quality goods and it is stored in the stores department. The second quality goods are sold for lower prices than the first quality goods. Even in the case of coconut shells quality is maintained. There should not be any moisture content and there should not any mud in the coconut shells which are used in the boiler.

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C0MMERCIAL DEPARTMENT

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COMMERCIAL DEPARTMENT

The most important activity of Commercial department is managing sales activities of the corporation. Under the commercial department, there are four departments- Sales department, Reeds department, Mats department and Storage & Dispatch department. The commercial department is headed by Commercial Manager. Under him there are four Divisional officers who are controlling the activities of four departments coming under Commercial department.

SALES DEPARTMENT Divisional Officer (sales) is controlling the activities of sales department with the consent of Commercial Manager. The major activities of this department are to catch the orders for bamboo ply and bamboo mats and to supply these products to the customers. Sales executives are appointed to promote the products of KSBC. Mainly four type of bamboo mats are being produced in the company. They are : special mat, core mat, commercial mat and chanda mat. In these types, the special mat and core mat are used for the production of plywood. They are directly transported to the Bamboo Board Factory which is located nearby. Commercial mats which are of different sizes such as: 5*3, 6*4, 8*5, 9*6 is having more demand.Among these different sizes 5*3 and 6*4 are having more demand. Another type which is produced is chanda mat which is of 12*6 size. The main customers of chanda mat are Spices Board Kochi and they are used in house boats for ceiling purposes.Chandamats are mainly produced in
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Koodalapadudippo and Kuttampuzha-Vadattupparadippo. The cost of chanda mat is Rs 225/ sheet. There are large number of local customers and Government firms like CWC(Central Warehousing corporation) ,FCI (Food Corporation of India), SWC (State Warehousing Corporation). Other major customers are sugar mills in Maharashtra, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. Mainly these commercial mats are used for stacking purposes and for making temporary shelters during the sugar seasons. Since these mats are eco-friendly,they are burnt out after their use. October- January is the peak season. During this period the demand is more, because this period is the peak time for the sugar mills. The cost of commercial mat is Rs 40/sheet. The sale of bamboo ply and bamboo mat are conducted indirectly through dealers/intermediaries to the private agencies. There are about 100 dealers in Kerala. Important ones among them are Timber Agency Pune, Sidhnath Sales CoporationModnimb Pune and Sivarathna Stone and Bamboo Supplier Akluj Pune. Earlier the availability of raw materials and the demand for the products were more. So credit facility was given during that time . But now since the supply is less and demand is more no credit facility is being given.Credit facility is given to the Government firms. Trade discounts are given as a part of promotion activity. Trade discount of 13% and 15% are given according to the sales volume to the mats and a discount of 12% and a special discount of 2% are given for the bamboo ply.Major competetors of KSBC are Assam and Tripura units. Among the three units KSBC is standing first because there is variation in the thickness of the bamboo mats produced. The mats produced in KSBC is off thickness 1mm which is of more demand but the mats produced in other two units are having thickness more than that which is a failure for them.

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REEDS DEPARTMENT A Divisional Officer has the charge of reeds department and he should report to commercial manager. Under the divisional officer there are reed collection officers. Reeds are the raw material of bamboo mats and are collected from Government forests. The corporation is authorized by the Government to collect 30,000 Metric Tonne of reeds per annum from the forests. KSBC has 9 reed collection centers at different places of Kerala and has 13 reed distribution centres to supply reeds to the traditional workers. The reed sale centers are located at different parts of the state. About 2500 reed cutters are working for the organization. Also a lot of people are engaged in activities like loading and unloading of reeds, transporting of reeds, etc. The collected reeds are distributed to reed distribution cum mat procurement centers and to reed sale centers. From these reed sale centers reeds are being sold to traditional workers for weaving traditional household items. MATS DEPARTMENT A Divisional Officer has the charge of mats department and he should report to commercial manager. Under the divisional officer there are depot officers and sub depot officers to carry out the activities coming under this department. Reeds are distributed to weavers on credit, when mats are collected, the values of reeds are adjusted and balance is paid in cash. The collected mats are classified into special , core , commercial and chanda mats. The special and core mats are transported to the Bamboo Board Factory to produce bampooply and the commercial mats are transported to the Storage and Dispatch Division and from there these mats are being sold.

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STORAGE & DISPATCH DEPARTMENT The activities of this department are controlled by a divisional officer under the supervision of commercial manager. The activity of this department is the storage and dispatch of commercial mats from the mat procurement centres. The godown is situated at Angamaly. From there the bamboo mats are being sold. Food Corporation of India(FCI) and Central/State Warehousing

Corporations use bamboo mats for dunnage purposes. Sugar mills in Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka use mats for covering temporary shelters during sugar seasons.

Price List Of Bamboo Ply

From the table it is clear that, as the thickness of the board increases the price also increases. These prices are not fixed. It varies as the price of the raw SL.No Thickness 1 2 3 4 5 3mm 4mm 6mm 9mm 12mm RateperSq.Mtr (Rs) 310.00 381.05 477.90 676.00 828.80 Rate per Sq.Ft Price per board(Rs) (Rs) 28.80 35.40 44.40 62.80 77.00
6*3 6*4 8*4

518.40 637.20 799.20

691.20 849.00 1065.60

921.60 1132.00 1420.80 2009.60 2464

1130.40 1507.20 1386 1848

materials varies. When the price of phenol, formaldehyde etc changes, there will be corresponding increase or decrease in the price of bamboo ply. Now at present the rate of phenol is more, hence the price is also more.

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Average sale of KSBC at various years

average sale

average sale

Comparison of sales

Year

20002001

2001- 20022002 2003

20032004

20042005

2005- 20062006 2007

20072008

20082009

20092010

Total 810.23 780.1 721.61 678.15 756.05 765.2 732.28 983.99 912.48 1057.26 Sales

MARKETING
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KSBC markets bamboo ply all over Kerala through dealers. For getting dealership, persons should deposit certain fee as security. The amount which is fixed by KSBC is Rs.10000 for a panchayat, Rs.15000 for Muncipality and Rs.20000 for Corporation. Dealers supply bamboo ply to wholesalers and retailers. KSBC provides various discounts to the dealers for promoting sales. They provide 12% as trade discount, 5% as cash discount,0 .25 % as freight discount when the distance is below 100 kilometres and 5% if the distance is above 100 kilometre. They also provide 2% as special discount. The price of the bamboo ply and bamboo boards varies. They varies according to the price of the raw materials required. In the case bamboo ply and bamboo boards various promotional activities are undertaken.

MARKETING CHANNEL OF KSBC Ltd Marketing channel or channel of distribution is group of individuals and organizations that direct the product from the producers to consumers. It bridges the gap between the producer and the consumer. Some intermediaries of the marketing channel are wholesalers and retailers. KSBC sells their product only through the dealers. Dealers get dealership by paying the prescribed fees as fixed by the corporation as mentioned above.

Marketing channel of KSBC

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Retailers

Consumers

KSBC

Dealers

Consumers

Dealers sell the product either to retailers or consumers or both of them. In case of retailers, they are not the ultimate consumers. Promotional activities adopted by KSBC Promotion consists of all activities aimed at inducing and motivating customers to buy a product. There are many alternatives for promoting the product. The selection of alternatives determine the success of marketing efforts. Promotion involves informing, persuading and reminding the customers about the product . But the basic objective is to increase the sale of the product. Trade promotion KSBC mainly uses discounts and advertisements as sales promotion tools.Different types of discount provided by KSBC are as follows: Trade discount Cash discount Special discount freight

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KSBC provides 12% as trade discount, 5% as cash discount, 3% as special discount and 0.25 % as freight discount. Advertising Bamboo ply, the exclusive product of KSBC Ltd is being promoted through medias like newspaper(The New Indian Express) and exhibitions which are conducted yearly.

Market share Bamboo ply is a branded item which has only one producer in the market ie KSBC Ltd. The bamboo ply has 20% of share in the plywood market and 80% is held by marine ply wood. The marine plywood could not be considered as a competitor, as the uses of both are different in many instances.

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DEPARTMENT STRUCTURE

COMMERCIALMANAGER

DIVISIONAL OFFICER(SALES)

DIVISIONAL OFFICER (MATS)

DIVISIONAL OFFICER (REEDS)

DIVISIONAL OFFICER(S&D)

SALES EXECUTIVES

DEPOT OFFICERS

REED COLLECTION OFFICERS

SUPERVISORS

SUB DEPOT OFFICERS

HELPERS

HELPERS

DEPOT WORKERS

REED CUTTERS/ REED LOADING WORKERS

GODOWN WORKERS

MAT WEAVERS
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FINANCE DEPARTMENT

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FINANCE DEPARTMENT

Finance department has an important role in every organization because finance is the life blood and nerve centre of every business. The finance department of KSBC is headed by Secretary cum Finance Manager of the corporation. One Accounts Officer and two Divisional Officers are appointed to help the finance manager in carrying out the activities of the department. Also the department consists of four accountants, eight internal auditors and one cashier. This

department is functioning in the head office at Angamaly and manages all the financial activities of the corporation. From the analysis of the financial statements prepared by the company, it is understood that the financial position of the company when compared to the previous years is constant ie, neither profit nor loss. The situation of the company is that, there are more demand but there is lack of raw materials. If the raw materials are made available the financial status of the company can be improved.The major source of revenue of KSBC is the grants and loans provided by the Government. Earlier an amount of Rs 90 lakh/annum were provided by the Government as grant to the company. But at present this amount is being provided as loan which creates a new expense for the company. Both administrative and office expenses comes under the various expenses of the company like salary, rent, telephone charges, electricity charges, gratuity, insurance premium etc. Annual budgets are prepared by the company and everything is based on the availability of the raw materials. When the reeds are collected from the forest, it is distributed to the local traditional workers for lower rates and to the
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SSI units for higher rates ,which acts as a source of income for the company.On preparing the budget, the company estimates the quantity of bamboo that can be collected and after that various incomes and expenses are calculated. There is a part of finance department in bamboo board factory which deals with activities there. There a final cash book is prepare and it is submitted to the head office whenever requested. Finance department in the factory deals with the payment regarding the purchase of raw materials in the factory and also the salary of the factory staff and workers. There are eight internal auditors for the company who performs the internal audit within the company. Each dippo submits the receipts and payment account monthly to the company. Main cashbook is prepared within the company. Then auditing is performed and final receipt and payment account is prepared. Smooth functioning of the company depends on the availability of raw materials. During the rainy season when the collection of reeds is difficult, there occurs lack of raw materials. During that period, inorder to meet the various expenses, the company have to strongly depend on the grants/loans provided by the Government.

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DEPARTMENT STRUCTURE

FINANCE MANAGER

ACCOUNTS OFFICER

DIVISIONAL OFFICER

ACCOUNTANTS/ CASHIER

INTERNAL AUDITORS

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CHAPTER-5 SWOT ANALYSIS

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STRENGTHS

Bamboo corporation has a very loyal customer base. Thus they do not face any threat of losing their customers and the cost of maintaining customer loyalty. The employees of the firm are loyal and thus the firm faces a very low employee turnover. The firm has got a pool of capable and highly experienced work force. A team that is highly committed and confident manages the firm. The firm has been able to attract some of the most talented people to its various departments. Decentralized system of decision making is practiced. Bamboo corporation has over the years of its existence build up on its brand name. The social commitment of bamboo corporation is very prominent. The primary objective of the company is the upliftment of the traditional workers rather than profit. The firm enjoys a good relationship between the management and the employee. Thus there is a better co-ordination between the various levels in the organization. Bamboo Corporation enjoys the privilege of being in the first position with regard to bamboo ply and mats. Government as the finance supporter.

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WEAKNESS Finance is very important for the smooth functioning of any organization. To start up new projects or implement developments or modifications, the financial position of the organization should be very good. But in the case of KSBC, present financial position is very bad and it makes hindrance to start up new projects, which will be beneficial for the organization. Absence of good research and development lab and scientists is a limitation for KSBC. So they have to depend on other institutes for developing new methods or products. Absence of an efficient marketing policy is the weakness of the organization. The product bamboo ply has a lot of uses and the quality of the bamboo ply produced in KSBC is very good. Still the organization cant increase the sale. As plant has only a limited capacity they will not be able to meet the future demand of the product. OPPORTUNITIES Absence of competitors is very much beneficial to KSBC. In Kerala, bamboo ply is produced only by KSBC. So KSBC can easily establish mastery over this industry.

Bamboo ply can be used for many purposes. It is strong, beautiful and durable. It exhibits endurance in all weather conditions and is very economical when compare with wood. Also the availability of wood is decreasing. It can be a good substitute for wood in many cases. Now the construction industry is growing rapidly. So it is a good opportunity for the company to initiate more sales promotional activities and conduct more awareness programmes among the people.

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THREATS Mat weavers and reed cutters are the back bone of KSBC. But now the young generation people do not show any interest towards the traditional activities like reed cutting and mat weaving. So in future shortage of labours will be the main threat for KSBC. The other threat of KSBC is from some organizations engaged in the manufacturing of bamboo ply. These organizations are mainly from Assam and some North Eastern states and are using the brand name and goodwill of the KSBC to market their less quality product. Also they are able to sell their products at cheaper rates. It will affect the goodwill and sale of KSBC.

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CHAPTER-6 CONCLUSION

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CONCLUSION

Kerala State Bamboo Corporation Ltd., a fully owned Government of Kerala undertaking was established in for the upliftment of lakhs of reed cutters and mat weavers, with a dedicated team of professionals. The study was conducted to find out the various functions taking place in the organization and also to conduct departmental analysis. The enthusiastic team of KSBC is shaping up new projects that hold lot of promises for the bamboo worker community. Today KSBC is one of the growing organizations in Kerala. The efficient and dedicated management team of KSBC can raise the organization to better heights in the coming future.

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REFERENCES

Prospectus of the company Reports submitted by various students Sales report Stores register Purchase register

WEBSITES

www.bambooworldindia.com www.keralabamboocorp.in www.google.com www.Wikipedia.com

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