CICS TUTORIAL

CICS Tutorial :-

CICS INTRODUCTION BATCH & ONLINE SYSTEM

ONLINE SYSTEM
DEFINITION : ONLINE processing allows a user to interact with a computer and access its resources via a terminal. Example : Railway Reservation system. BATCH & ONLINE SYSTEM BATCH Data from card tape, disk Batched, sequential, scheduled Operator (or operating system) initiates the job. Other jobs in the same region must wait. ONLINE Data from terminal random, concurrent Once CICS is initialized, entering transaction id triggers the transaction to start.

Input Start of A job Processing Mode End of job Output Resource Usage Example of application WHAT IS CICS?

Single task single thread. Priority in job scheduling Multi task multi thread. Priority processing. Each job printed reports, output files. User must wait for batch jobs to produce reports (day, week, month) Less Monthly sales report Each transaction. Once CICS is terminated, no transactions can be entered. Message terminals updated files, system Instant feed back More Airline reservation system

Customer Information Control System (CICS) was developed in 1960 by IBM ONLINE CONTROL SYSTEM General purpose data communication control system Provides services to handle all the special requirements for online processing

Note : Role of CICS is to interface between application programs and the DB/DC control system. CICS SERVICES & THE OPERATING SYSTEM Requests for file I/P, O/P Requests for database I/P, O/P Requests for terminal I/P, O/P

CICS CONTROL PROGRAM AND TABLES CICS CONTROL PROGRAM CICS CONTROL PROGRAM (IBM SUPPLIED) FCP (FILE CONTROL PROGRAM) JCP (JOURNAL CONTROL PROGRAM) KCP (TASK CONTROL PROGRAM) PCP (PROGRAM CONTROL PROGRAM) SCP (STORAGE CONTROL PROGRAM) TCP (TERMINAL CONTROL PROGRAM) TDP (TRANSIENT DATA PROGRAM) TSP (TEMPORARY STORAGE PROGRAM) OTHERS

CICS CONTROL TABLES CICS CONTROL TABLES (USER SPECIFIED) FCT (FILE CONTROL TABLE) JCT (JOURNAL CONTROL TABLE) PCT (PROGRAM CONTROL TABLE) PPT (PROCESSING PROGRAM TABLE) TCT (TERMINAL CONTROL TABLE) DCT (DESTINATION CONTROL TABLE) TST (TEMPORARY STORAGE TABLE)

CICS START UP CICS is submitted as a batch job. CICS System Initialization program (SIP) is the main job step SIP loads System Initialization Table (SIT) SIP further loads all control programs and tables - Perform initial housekeeping tasks

CICS SHUTDOWN Master terminal transaction is entered with shutdown option CICS job produces various logs, statistics, dumps and other reports and ends No transaction can be executed after that ROLE OF CICS MULTI TASKING o More than one task can be executed concurrently. MULTI THREADING o Tasks share the same program under the multi tasking environment. RE-ENTRANT PROGRAM o Program when does not modify itself in any way during execution. QUASI RE-ENTRANT o Is a reentrant program under the CICS environment.

MAPS AND DISPLAYS INTRODUCTION TO BMS To make the application program device independent and format independent CICS provides Basic Mapping Support (BMS) BMS is a standard facility, to deal with the formatted screen operations Screen defined through BMS is called a "MAP" PHYSICAL AND SYMBOLIC MAP Physical Map Primarily used by CICS Ensures device independence in the application program For input operations, it defines the maximal data length and starting position of each field to be read and allows BMS to interpret an input data stream For output operations it defines starting position, length, field characteristics (Attribute Bytes) and default data for each field, and allows BMS to construct an output data stream. Physical map is a program in the form of Load module Physical map is coded using BMS macros BMS macros are assembled separately and link edited into the CICS load library SYMBOLIC MAP
1. Ensures the device and format independence to the application programs 2. A layout change in the formatted screen can be done independent of the application program

coding as long as field name and length remain the same 3. Symbolic map is included in the program by issuing a COBOL COPY statement USING MAPS IN A PROGRAM SYMBOLIC MAP GENERATION Symbolic map is a copy library member Included in application program for defining the screen fields. BMS Macros are coded, assembled and catalogued into a COPY library SYMBOLIC MAP SUFFIXES

L F I A O

Halfward binary Contain the length of data entered by the terminal operator One byte flag field Contains the data entered by the operator One byte field that contains Attribute byte Contains data to be sent to terminal

SYMBOLIC MAP FORMAT

 A 12 byte TIOA prefix is automatically provided. When performing input functions fields suffixed with L, F, and I are meaningful. When performing OUTPUT functions, the fields suffixed with A and O are meaningful. Contains the data to be sent to the terminal. OUTPUT MAPPING MAP ONLY EXEC CICS SEND MAP (mapname1) MAPSET (mapset1) MAPONLY END-EXEC DATA ONLY EXEC CICS SEND MAP (mapname1) MAPSET (mapset1) DATA ONLY. END-EXEC.
1. MAP ONLY option.

o Use the physical map only. o Field headings, attribute bytes, and the location of where all information is to be placed is sent. 2. DATA ONLY o Use the symbolic map only o only the data in the symbolic map is sent to the screen. 3. Neither MAPONLY NOR DATAONLY" EXEC CICS SEND MAP (map-name1) MAPSET (mapset1) END-EXEC o The physical map and the data from symbolic map is sent to the terminal. Other options of SEND command.

ERASE: Current screen is erased before the map specified appears on the screen ERASEAUP: erase all the unprotected fields. FREEKB: to free the keyboard ALARM: to make an alarms sound. FRSET: to reset MDT to zero CURSOR: to place the cursor in a specified field

CURSOR POSITIONING Static positioning o If IC option is specified in the ATTRB field of DFHMDF macro the cursor will be placed at this field. Dynamic / symbolic positioning. o Place (-1) into the field length field (L suffix). Cursor will be placed in the field. Dynamic / Relative positioning. o Cursor (data-value) option is used. o Data-Value will have the value at which the cursor has to be positioned. o E.g.. EXEC CICS SEND MAP (..) MAPSET (..) CURSOR (100) ERASE END-EXEC. MAPFAIL condition will caused in RECEIVE MAP command. o If the data to be mapped has a length of zero. o If the operator presses any key (clear, PA, PF, ENTER, Keys) without entering any data. ACCESSING AND DISPLAYING MAP FIELDS MAP STORAGE AREAS Placing maps in the Program o Any of the three plans for redefinition of maps may be used with either of the 2 alternatives for placing maps in your program. WORKING - STORAGE SECTION o Copying a symbolic description map structure here makes the area automatically available whenever the program is invoked. LINKAGE SECTION o Copying a symbolic description map structure here does NOT mean the storage will be available. Some methods for providing storage are passing a COMMAREA, acquiring temporary storage with the SET option, or using a GET MAIN command. SEND / RECEIVE Sending from the Symbolic description map SEND MAP (`MAP1') MAPSET(`SET1') MOVE `MAP1' TO MAPVAR MOVE `SET1' TO SETVAR SEND MAP (MAPVAR) MAPSET(SETVAR) FROM (MAP1O) o SEND MAP Coding Alternatives You can code the SEND MAP command to locate the symbolic description map in several ways: Using constants in the name field for MAP and MAPSET(FROM is not required) Using variables in the name field for MAP and MAPSET (This makes FROM a required parameter)

 Using only the MAP parameter. In this case the name in the MAP option must be the MAPSET name. RECEIVING into the symbolic description map RECEIVE MAP(`MAP1') MAPSET(`SET1') ... MAP1 I Move `MAP1' to MAPVAR Move `SET1' to SETVAR ..... MAP1 I RECEIVE MAP (MAPVAR) MAPSET(SETVAR) INTO (MAP1 I) Receive MAP (`SET1') ... SET1 I o RECEIVE MAP coding alternatives You can code the RECEIVE MAP command to locate the symbolic description map in several ways: Using constants in the name field for map and mapset (INTO/SET is not required) This is the most commonly used format. Using variables in the name field for MAP and MAPSET. This makes INTO (database) or SET a required parameter. Using only the MAP parameter. In this case the name in the MAP option must be the MAPSET name. Linkage Section. 01 DFHCOMMAREA 01 LST 02 PTR-2-LIST PIC S 9(8) COMP. 02 PTR-2-BMS PIC S 9(8) COMP. RECEIVE MAP (`MAP1') MAPSET (`SET1') SET (PTR-2-BMS) ..... MAP1 I Using the SET option requests CICS to get the storage and return a pointer to it. The symbolic description map must be in the LINKAGE SECTION. OUTBOUND FUNCTIONS SEND MAP (`MAPA') MAPSET (`SETA') [ERASE/ ERASEAUP] [FREEKB] [ALARM] [FRSET] [PRINT] ERASE ERASEAUP FREEKB ALARM FRSET PRINT Erase Buffer, place cursor in upper left corner then write Erase all the unprotected fields before the Write Unlock Keyboard after the write Active alarm with the write Set all MDT currently on to off Start the 3270 print operation.

Control Functions: Typically the first type of command in the program is a SEND MAP. Certain control functions may be included in that command.

 ERASEAUP will clear out each field whose attribute is unprotected. It will NOT alter any attribute settings. If you do not free the keyboard using FREEKB, the operator will have to press the RESET key before entering data. If you code FRSET, all attribute bytes currently having Modified Data Tags (MDT) set on will be set off. Selective resetting of the MDT's must be done another way. When sending data to a 3270 screen the actual printing from the buffer will occur when the PRINT function is requested. Attributes : The `A' suffixed field is an attribute field which controls the following: PROTECTED/UNPROTECTED ASKIP NUM MDT Non Display (dark)DISPLAY (normal/bright) If the color or highlighting of a field has to be changed, additional symbolic fields are needed which are called the EXTENDED ATTRIBUTES. EXTENDED ATTRIBUTES DSATTS (for symbolic map) and MAPATTS (for physical map) support the extended attribute characteristics The MAPATTS allows you to set up the physical map with any of the characteristic(s) coded. The DSATTS will create appropriate suffixed labels for the attribute characteristic(s) coded. INBOUND FUNCTIONS - AID/CURSOR CONTROL Attention Identifier (ID) and Cursor: o On a RECEIVE, CICS updates the EIB with the following information: The screen cursor position relative to zero is placed is EIBCPOSN. The name of the input key the terminal operator pressed is placed in the field EIBAID. EIBAID/CURSOR WORKING-STORAGE SECTION. COPY DFHAID. ...... PROCEDURE DIVISION. IF EIBAID = DFHPF12 THEN ...... IF EIBAID = DFHENTER THEN ...... IF EIBCPOSN LESS THAN 80 THEN ...... When you first enter your program as a result of a transaction id, you can test EIBAID and/or EIBCPOSN. This may be done prior to issuing a RECEIVE command, if so chosen.

AID/CURSOR - SAMPLE CODING (CONTROL) If the operator uses any PA key or presses the CLEAR key, no data is transmitted EIBAID is useful when function keys are defined for the user. for eg. PF12 may be the exit function PF3 may be an update function etc. Thus testing for the type of AID will alter the logic flow. EIBCPOSN can be used to determine where the cursor was positioned on the screen. This information is especially useful with screens containing an action bar. CURSLOC Sample Map MAPSETA DFHMSD TYPE=&SYSPARM, MODE= INOUT, TERM=ALL, LANG=COBOL, TIOAPFX=YES, STORAGE=AUTO MAP1 DFHMDI SIZE=(24,80), LINE=1, COLUMN=1, CURSLOC=YES DFHMDF POS(2,1), LENGTH=4, INITIAL=`NAME', ATTRIB=ASKIP NAME DFHMDF POS(2,6),LENGTH=20, ATTRB=(UNPROT, IC) DFHMDF POS(2,27), LENGTH=1, ATTRB=PROT

CURSLOC= YES allows you to determine after a RECEIVE MAP command, which map field had the cursor in it. CURSLOC=NO is the default. CURSLOC=(NO/YES) may be coded on the DFHMSD or the DFHMDI macro. If coded on the DFHMSD macro, it will provide a default for all the maps in that mapset. When CURSLOC=YES, BMS will set the `F' suffix field to X'02' indicating that field contained the cursor. If the cursor is in a field for which there is no symbolic label i.e. a DFHMDF with no label the program will not be notified. Note : The `F' suffix field continues. To be used to indicate the operator pressed the erase to end of fixed (EOF) key by being set to X'80'. Therefore, if CURSLOC=YES it i