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METAL
DETECTOR

➢ A METAL DETECTOR IS A DEVICE WHICH IS USED FOR

SEARCHING OF METALS.

➢ METAL DETECTOR WORKS ON THE PRINCIPLE OF

ELECTRO-MAGNETIC INDUCTION.

➢ METAL DETECTOR CONSISTS OF TWO COLPITTS R.F

RANGE OSCILLATORS WITH DIFFERENT

FREQUENCIES,SENSING COIL WILL FORMS PART OF

TUNED OSCILLATORS.
WORKING:

• THE OSCILLATOR CIRCUIT CONSISTS OF PARALLEL

RESONANT TANK CIRCUIT AND A SERIES

RESONANT FEEDBACK CIRCUIT EACH TUNED TO A

DIFFERENT FREQUENCIES.

• THE PARALLEL RESONANT TANK CIRCUIT

INCLUDES AN INDUCTOR INDUCTIVELY COUPLED

TO SEARCH COIL.

• A PAIR OF SERIES CONNECTED CAPACITORS

CONNECTED IN PARALLEL WITH THE INDUCTOR.

• THE PARALLEL RESONANT TANK CIRCUIT IS

CONNECTED TO THE EMITTER.

 • THE SERIES RESONANT FEEDBACK CIRCUIT IS

CONNECTED BETWEEN THE JUNCTION OF

CAPACITORS AND BASE.

• THE PARALLEL RESONANT TANK CIRCUIT

FREQUENCY IS LOWER THAN THE SERIES

RESONANT FEEDBACK CIRCUIT.

➢ AS THE SWITCH IS KEPT ON THE OSCILLATOR PRODUCE AN

ALTERNATING CURRENT.

OSCILLATOR:

IT IS A DEVICE WHICH CONVERTS DIRECT CURRENT IN TO

ALTERNATING CURRENT.

➢ THE ALTERNATING CURRENT IS FED TO THE RF AMPLIFIER AND

SEND TO THE SENSING COIL.

➢ THE SENSING COIL DEVELOPS AN ALTERNATING MAGNETIC

FIELD.
➢ AS THE COIL IS KEPT CLOSE TO A METAL PIECE EDDY CURRENT
WILL BE INDUCED IN THE METAL.

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF METAL DETECTOR

EDDY CURRENT:

AN ELECTRIC CURRENT INDUCED WITH IN THE BODY OF

A CONDUCTOR

WHEN THAT CONDUCTOR EITHER MOVES THROUGH A NON-

UNIFORM MAGNETIC FIELD OR IS IN A REGION WHERE
THERE IS A CHANGE IN MAGNETIC FLUX.IT IS ALSO KNOWN AS
FOUCAULT CURRENT.

➢ DUE TO THE EDDY CURRENT IN THE METAL AN ALTERNATING

MAGNETIC FIELD IS DEVELOPED IN THE METAL.

➢ THIS MAGNETIC FIELD OPPOSES THE COIL FIELD AND MAKES

THE OSCILLATOR TO FAIL.

➢ THEN FINAL TRANSISTOR CONDUCTS AND BUZZER IS

ACTIVATED WHICH INDICATES THE PRESENCE OF METAL.
➢ THIS METAL DETECTOR IS MAINLY USED BY ARCHEOLOGY
DEPARTMENT FOR THE DETECTION OF BURRIED METAL
OBJECTS.

➢ IT IS USED IN INDUSTRY FOR DETECTION OF UNWANTED

METALIC OBJECTS.

➢ METAL DETECTORS ARE USED TO SEARCH FOR HIDDEN METALIC

OBJECTS AT ENTRANCES TO AIRPORTS,PUBLIC HOUSES,COURT
HOUSES(SECURITY PURPOSE).

➢ IT IS USED IN COIN SHOOTING.