IRRIs RICE BREEDING PROGRAM

Antonio A. Evangelista
Senior Associate Scientist Plant Breeding Genetics and Biotechnology

IRRIs RICE BREEDING PROGRAM

Irrigated lowland rice breeding Hybrid rice breeding Rainfed/aerobic rice breeding Deep water/submergence rice breeding Heat and Cold rice breeding

BREEDING OBJECTIVES

High Yield Potential Short Growth Duration Superior Grain Quality Multiple Disease and Insect Resistance Nutritional Quality

Choice of Parents
Donors for various traits are grown in Hybridization Block Staggered sown 3 times each season at 2-weeks interval IRRI Varieties Donors used in various programs such as Irrigated, Rainfed, Aerobic rice, Flood prone and Hybrid rice

RICE BREEDING NURSERIES GROWN AT IRRI

F1 nursery

Protected and unprotected F2 nurseries Protected and unprotected Pedigree nurseries Observational yield trials Replicated yield trials Direct seeding trials

IRRIGATED RICE
Irrigated rice is grown in about 80 million hectares or 55% of the world rice area. Production 75%

Kinds of Crosses

Single crosses Backcrosses Multiple cross

Types of Crosses
Further improvement in Indica germplasm for Yield, grain quality and incorporation of resistance to diseases and insects. Released varieties x Elite Indica Lines Elite Indica Lines x Elite Indica Lines Elite Indica Lines x Basmati Type Lines

Further Improvement in NPTs for Yield, grain quality and incorporation of resistance to diseases and insects.

Improved NPTs x Improved NPTs Improved NPTs x Released Indica Varieties Improved NPTs x Elite Indica Varieties

Improving Tropical Japonica NPTs for tropics and temperate regions (Korea)
Tropical Japonica x Tropical Japonica crosses Tropical Japonica x Korean Varieties

F2 Nurseries
1. PROTECTED F2 NURSERIES ( INTENSIVE PROTECTION ) 2. UNPROTECTED F2 NURSERIES ( IPM ) 3. DIRECT SEEDED F2 NURSERY.

THE PEDIGREE NURSERY

Pedigree nurseries are the heart of a rice improvement program It starts from F3-F7 generations. Keen judgment is required to exercise selection

CRITERIA FOR SELECTION

High yield Disease and insect resistance Good grain quality Short growth duration Good plant architecture

Observational Yield Trial

Promising homozygous progenies are grown in replicated plots of 6 m long plots of 6 rows.

Replicated Yield Trial

Around 350 promising progenies are evaluated in randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Each plot consists of 10 rows of 5 m long. Yield is recorded at 14% moisture content from 6 m2 harvested area.

RYT SCREENING TEST

DISEASES: BL, BLB, AND RTV. INSECTS: BPH, AND GLH. FOR GRAIN QUALITY: GRAIN LENGTH and SHAPE, AMYLOSE CONTENT, GEL TEMP., AROMA, GRAIN ELONGATION, MILLING RECOVERY and CHALKINESS. AGRONOMIC CHARACTERS: PLANT HEIGHT, NUMBER AND GRAIN YIELD. TILLER

INGER

Germplasm Bank Hybridization Block F1 single crosses F1 Multiple crosses

F2 population
Pedigree nurseries (F3-F6) Observational nursery Replicated Yield Trial

4 years

Seed Increase

4 yrs. INGER Nurseries National Research Programs VARIETIES Head Rows

LENGTH OF TIME TO PRODUCE A VARIETY

FROM CROSSING WORK TO F1 TAKES- 1 YEAR FROM F2-F7 TAKES - 3 YEARS. FROM OBSEVATIONAL YIELD TRIAL (OYT ) AND REPLICATED YIELD TRIAL - 2 YEARS. FROM NCT- 1 YEARS. FROM MAT -1 YEAR. TOTAL NUMBER OF YEARS TO RELEASE A VARIETY TAKES ABOUT 8 YEARS.

Promising lines Promising lines National Cooperative National Cooperative Testing Project Testing Project
Advanced Yield Advanced Yield Trials Trials -Irrigated (14 sites) -Irrigated (14 sites)

-implemented by RVIG

-Rainfed (3 sites) -Rainfed (3 sites) -Upland(6 sites) -Upland(6 sites) -Saline( 33sites) -Saline( sites) -Cool elevated(2 sites) -Cool elevated(2 sites) -Special purpose(3 sites) -Special purpose(3 sites)

Insect and Insect and Disease Disease Resistance Resistance Trial Trial

Grain Grain Quality Quality Evaluation Evaluation

National Seed Industry Council National Seed Industry Council

Some Elite lines released as Varieties

IR 8 IR 36 IR 64 IR 72 PSBRc82 NSIC 122 NSIC148 NSIC158

GRAIN FILLING STAGE DIRECT SEEDED

A NEW PLANT TYPE CROSS

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