"SUNOG O HUKAY" -HANAPBUHAY SA PILING NG MGA PATAYSome of us have good jobs but still some of us choose to work for

the dead. What are those reasons why these people choose these jobs? Where and how did the burial started? What are the reasons why burial is being done? Are there alternatives for a burial besides cremation? And which is more convenient for the people burial or cremation? Please join us in discovering the answers. Interviews: Being a sepulturero: We went to Calamba Cemetery where we ment Mr. Mario De Jesus, a sepulturero. He is 65 years of age and he is a separated man, has five children, two girls and three boys. We asked questions and join him as he went to his work to know what are the duties of being a sepulturero. Questions: 1. Ano nga po ba talaga ang tungkulin ng isang sepulturero? 2. Manong, bakit ito po yung napili niyong trabaho? 3. Gaano na po kau katagal sa ganitong trabaho? 4. Di ba po isa sa mga tungkulin niyo ang maglipat ng bangkay sa ibang nicho? Ligtas po ba yun sa kalusugan nyo? 5. Magkno po ang kinikita niyo sa trabahong ito? Bawat puntod po na pinatatrabahuhan niyo magkano po ang inyong kita? 6. Araw-araw po ba may costumer na dumarating? Yung kita niyo po ba sapat na para sa pang araw-araw ng pamilya niyo? 7. Paano po yon kapag may araw na wla kayong costumer? May iba pa po ba kayong pinagkakakitahan? 8. Manong madako naman po tayo sa mga karanasan niyo dito sa sementeryo. Minsan po ba nakaramdam na po kayo ng kakaiba? Meron na po bang nagparamdam sa inyo na multo? Being a guard in a cemetery: In a nearby cemetery, we met Mr. Rowell Bautista. He is 19 years old and Mr. Belmar 16 years old, guards in the Rizal Memorial Chapel. We went with his duty for four hours, to know and to feel what is like guarding thousands of graves. Questions: 1. Ilang taon na po kayong nagtatrabaho dito? 2. Pano niyo po nagagapanan yung tungkulin niyo bilang isang guard? 3. Hindi po ba kayo natatakot sa tuwing nagduduty kayo ng magisa sa gabi?

4. Minsan po ba nakaranas kayo ng kababalaghan pag nakaduty? 5. Nagroronda din po ba kayo tuwing gabi? 6. Pwede po ba kaming sumama? Being a cremator: While we are walking inside the cemetery we also met ___________ a worker in the Rizal Crematory. He explains to us what is really a cremation. Questions: 1. Anu-ano po ba yung mga proseso bago icremate ang isang bangkay? 2. Gaano po katagal ikinicremate ang isang bangkay? 3. Ligtas po ba itong trabaho sa kalusugan niyo? 4. Bakit kaya na may ibang tayong kababayan na mas pinipili ang cremation? 5. Magkano po ba ang bayad bawat cremate? 6. Ano pong mas mura cremate o ung mga inililibing? 7. Nakaranas na po ba kayo ng kababalaghan dito? Being a embalsamador: HISTORY OF BURIAL Intentional burial, particularly with grave goods, may be one of the earliest detectable forms of religious practice since, as Philip Lieberman suggests, it may signify a "concern for the dead that transcends daily life." Though disputed, evidence suggests that the Neanderthals were the firsthuman species to intentionally bury the dead, doing so in shallow graves along with stone tools and animal bones. The earliest undisputed human burial, discovered so far, dates back 130,000 years. Human skeletal remains stained with red ochre were discovered in the Skhul cave at Qafzeh, Israel. A variety of grave goods were present at the site, including the mandible of a wild boar in the arms of one of the skeletons. Prehistoric cemeteries are referred to by the more neutral term grave field. They are one of the chief sources of information on prehistoric cultures, and numerous archaeological cultures are defined by their burial customs, such as the Urnfield culture of the European Bronze Age. REASONS FOR HUMAN BURIAL After death, a body will decay. Burial is not necessarily a public health requirement. Contrary to conventional wisdom, the WHO ( World Health Organization) advises that only corpses carrying an infectious disease strictly require burial. Human burial practices are the manifestation of the human desire to demonstrate "respect for the dead", and to prevent the possibilities ofrevenants [ghosts] harming the living.

Cultures vary in their mode of respect. Among the reasons for this are:  Respect for the physical remains. If left lying on top of the ground, scavengers may eat the corpse, considered disrespectful to the deceased in many (but not all) cultures. In Tibet, Sky burials return the remains to the cycle of life and acknowledge the body as "food," a core tenet of some Buddhist practices.  Burial can be seen as an attempt to bring closure to the deceased's family and friends. Psychologists in some Western Judeo-Christian quarters, as well as the US funeral industry, claim that by interring a body away from plain view, the pain of losing a loved one can be lessened.  Many cultures believe in an afterlife. Burial is sometimes believed to be a necessary step for an individual to reach the afterlife.  Many religions prescribe a particular way to live, which includes customs relating to disposal of the dead.  A decomposing body releases unpleasant gases related to decomposition. As such, burial is seen as a means of preventing smells from expanding into open air. Types of Burial: Over the millennia since the earliest burial, people have buried their dead in many different ways. Each burial type listed on this page includes descriptions, dates and images of typical burials. 1. BARROW A barrow is the archaeological term for a specific type of burial mound belonging to the Neolithic period structures in western Europe. 2. CAIRN A cairn is an unmortared pile of rocks, carefully stacked to act as a marker, and sometimes to cover a burial. 3. KHIRIGSUURS Built by mobile pastoralists of the first and second millennia BC,khirigsuurs generally consist of a stone mound, surrounded by a square or circular fence of surface stones, but they may be very elaborate and sometimes contain human remains. 4. KURGAN A kurgan is a type of burial mound built by several groups of the nomadic people of central Asia, the oldest dating to the Bronze Age. 5. MOUNDS

Mounds are a type of monumental architecture built primarily of earth, although they do occasionally have stone or wood foundations and occasionally may have been used to inter single or multiple burials. 6. URNFIELD CEMETERY An urnfield cemetery, or jar burial, is a type of secondary burial that involves placing the cremated body of a deceased person into a large jar or urn, within a large defined cemetery area.

ALTERNATIVE TO BURIAL In most cases these alternatives still intend to maintain respect for the dead, but some intend to prolong the display of the remains.  Burial at sea is the practice of depositing the body in an ocean or other large body of water instead of soil. It may be disposed in a coffin, or without one. Because of the particular logistics of scattering ashes at sea, there are commercial services that do so for a fee.  Funerary cannibalism is the practice of eating the remains. This may be for many reasons: for example to partake of their strength, to spiritually "close the circle" by reabsorbing their life into the family or clan, to annihilate an enemy, or due to pathological mental conditions. TheYanomami ( Amazon rainforest) have the habit of cremating the remains and then eating the ashes with banana paste.  Cremation is the incineration of the remains. This practice is common among Hindus and is becoming increasingly common in other cultures as well. If a family member wishes, the ashes can now be turned into a gem, similar to creating synthetic diamonds.  Ecological funeral is a method of increasing the rate of decomposition in order to help fertilize the soil.  Excarnation is the practice of removing the flesh from the corpse without interment. The Zoroastrians have traditionally left their dead onTowers of Silence, where the flesh of the corpses is left to be devoured by vultures and other carrion-eating birds. Alternatively, it can also mean butchering the corpse by hand to remove the flesh (sometimes referred to by the neologism "defleshing").  The Use of an Ossuary for human skeletal remains among second temple Jews & early Christians.  Gibbeting was the ancient practice of publicly displaying remains of criminals.  Hanging coffins are coffins which have been placed on cliffs. They can be found in various locations, including China and the Philippines.  Resomation involves disposal through an accelerated process of alkaline hydrolysis. (Started in UK)  Sky burial involves placing the body on a mountaintop.

 Cryonics is often mistakenly assumed as an alternative interment method. In fact it's a procedure to physically preserve a body. Cryonics supporters hope reviving individuals will be technologically feasible one day.

Which is better Burial or Cremation? Cremation Versus Burial - A Christian Perspective With the rising cost of funeral expenses today, many people are choosing cremation instead of burial. However, Christians often have concerns about cremation. They want to be sure the practice of cremation is biblical.This study offers a Christian perspective, presenting the arguments both in favor and against the practice of cremation. Latest Developments Background Interestingly, there is no specific teaching in the Bible about cremation. Although cremation accounts can be found in the Bible, it was not common or accepted at all for Jews or early believers to be cremated. Today, traditional Jews are prohibited under the law from practicing cremation. Eastern Orthodox and some Fundamentalist Christian denominations do not allow cremation. The Islamic faith also forbids cremation. The word "cremation" is derived from the Latin word "crematus" or "cremare" meaning "to burn up." During the process of cremation, human remains are placed in a wooden box, and then into a crematorium or furnace. They are heated to temperatures between 870-980 °C or 16002000 °F until the remains are reduced to bone fragments and ashes. The bone fragments are then processed in a machine until they resemble coarse sand, light gray in color.

Arguments Against Cremation There are Christians who object to the practice of cremation. Their arguments are based on the biblical concept that one day the bodies of those who have died in Christ, will be resurrected and reunited with their souls and spirits. This teaching assumes that if a body has been destroyed by fire, it is impossible for it to be resurrected later and reunited to the soul and spirit.

More points in opposition to cremation:• Most of the key people in the Old Testament were buried. In fact, it was considered a dishonor to the people of Israel not to receive a proper burial. • Most of the people who were burned to death in the Bible were receiving a punishment. Some practical points against cremation: • Unless the cremated remains are interred in a perpetual care cemetery, there will be no permanent marker or place to honor and memorialize the life and death of the deceased for generations to come. • If inurned, cremated remains can be lost or stolen. It is important to consider where and by whom they will be kept, as well as what will happen to them in the future. Arguments For Cremation Just because a body has been destroyed by fire, doesn't mean God can't one day resurrect it in newness of life, to reunite it with the soul and spirit of the believer. If God could not do this, then all believers who have died in a fire are without hope of receiving their heavenly bodies. All flesh and blood bodies eventually decay and become like dust in the earth. Cremation simply speeds the process along. God is certainly able to provide a resurrected body for those who have been cremated. The heavenly body is a new, spiritual body, and not the old body of flesh and blood. More points in favor of cremation: • Cremation can be less expensive than burial. • In certain circumstances, when family members wish to delay the memorial service, cremation allows more flexibility in scheduling a later date. • The idea of allowing the body to decay in the ground is offensive to some people. A quick, clean disposal by fire is sometimes preferred. • The deceased or family members may wish to have the cremated remains placed or scattered in a significant location. While this is sometimes an important reason for choosing cremation, additional considerations should be made first: Will there also be a permanent place to honor and memorialize the life of the deceased? For some it’s crucial to have a physical marker—a place that will mark the loved one’s life and death for generations to come. If the cremated remains are to be inurned, it is important to consider where and by

whom they will be kept, as well as what will happen to them in the future. For this reason, it may be preferable to have the cremated remains interred in a perpetual care cemetery. Resolution Cremation vs. Burial - A Personal Decision Oftentimes family members have strong feelings about the way they want to be laid to rest. Some Christians are firmly opposed to cremation, while others much prefer it to burial. The reasons are varied, but often private and very meaningful to them.How you want to be laid to rest is a personal decision. It is important to discuss your wishes with your family, and also know the preferences of your family members. This will make funeral preparations a little easier for everyone involved

Details of the project: Contributions of each member: Jasmin Vergara: the research in the internet and provide the hard copy. Jhoan Jaspayo : Camera woman and the editor of the video. Sheila Mangelen: Camera woman and interviewer. Rochelle Alvarez: Narrator.and interviewer. Jerlyn Velasco: Interviewer. Jovelyn Rivera: Interviewer. Jerald Sapin: Interviewer. Russel ; editing of the video.