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Lima, Peru Spanish Trade bloc 10 South American states 2 North American observer states Adalid Contreras Baspineiro Bolivia
- pro Tempore Presidency Chairman of the Andean Pablo Guzmn Laugier Commission Establishment - as the Andean Pact 1969 - as the CAN 1996 Website http://www.comunidadandina.org/ Union of South American Nations
The Andean Community (Spanish: Comunidad Andina, CAN) is a customs union comprising the South American countries of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. The trade bloc was called the Andean Pact until 1996 and came into existence with the signing of the Cartagena Agreement in 1969. Its headquarters are located in Lima, Peru.
The Andean Community has 98 million inhabitants living in an area of 4,700,000 square kilometers, whose Gross Domestic Product amounted to US$745.3 billion in 2005, including Venezuela, (who was a member at that time).
Contents
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1 Membership 2 Relationship with other organizations 3 History 4 Organization 5 Secretaries-General 6 Free flow of people o 6.1 Andean passport 7 See also 8 References 9 External links
[edit] Membership
Member states The original Andean Pact was founded in 1969 by Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. In 1973, the pact gained its sixth member, Venezuela. In 1976, however, its membership was again reduced to five when Chile withdrew. Venezuela announced its withdrawal in 2006, reducing the Andean Community to four member states. Recently, with the new cooperation agreement with Mercosur, the Andean Community gained four new associate members: Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay. These four Mercosur members were granted associate membership by the Andean Council of Foreign Ministers meeting in an enlarged session with the Commission (of the Andean Community) on July 7, 2005. This moves reciprocates the actions of Mercosur which granted associate membership to all the Andean Community nations by virtue of the Economic Complementarity Agreements (Free Trade agreements) signed between the CAN and individual Mercosur members.[1]
Current members: o Bolivia (1969) o Colombia (1969) o Ecuador (1969) o Peru (1969)
Associate members [2]: o Argentina (2005), o Brazil (2005) o Paraguay (2005) o Uruguay (2005) o Chile (2006) Observer countries: o Mexico o Panama Former full members: o Venezuela (19732006), in the process of joining Mercosur o Chile (full member 1969-1976, observer 1976-2006, associate member since 2006, stated intentions of rejoining)
asked him to do so. Recently, relations between Mercosur and Venezuela have weakened since Mercosur does not agree with some of his proposals.[8] In addition to CAN, Bolivia is also a member of the WTO, UNASUR and ALBA. Its attitude is considered crucial to relations between UNASUR and ALBA specifically, says Marion Hrmann, since Bolivia is traditionally seen as a mediator between the Andean countries and the rest of South America.[9]
[edit] History
The groundwork for the Community was established in 1969 in the Cartagena Agreement. In 1973 Venezuela joins Andean Pact. In 1976, Augusto Pinochet withdrew Chile from the Andean Community claiming economic incompatibilities. In 1979, the treaty creating the Court of Justice was signed and the Andean Parliament created and the Andean Council of Foreign Ministers were created. In 1983, the treaty creating the Court of Justice entered into effect. In 1991, the presidents approved the open skies policy and agree to intensify integration. In 1992, Peru temporarily suspended its obligations under the Liberalization Program. In 1993, the Free Trade Zone entered into full operation for Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Venezuela. In 1994, the Common External Tariff was approved. In 1996, the Cartagena Agreement Commission approved the regulatory context for the establishment, operation, and exploitation of the Simn Bolvar Satellite System. In 1997, an agreement was reached for Peru's gradual incorporation into the Andean Free Trade Zone. In 1998, the Framework Agreement for the creation of a Free Trade Area between the Andean Community and the Mercosur was signed in Buenos Aires. In 2000, a meeting of the South American Presidents, at which the Andean Community Heads of State and Mercosur decide to launch negotiations for establishing a free trade area between the two blocs as rapidly as possible and by January 2002 at the latest. In August 2003, the Andean Community and Mercosur Foreign Ministers, during a meeting in Montevideo at which the CAN delivered a working proposal containing guidelines for the negotiation, reaffirmed their governments' political determination to move ahead with the negotiation of a free trade agreement between the two blocs. In April 2006 President Hugo Chvez announced that Venezuela would withdraw from the Andean Community, claiming the FTA agreements signed by Colombia and Peru with the USA caused irreparable damage to the community.
[edit] Organization
Andean Presidential Council Andean Foreign Relations Ministers Council Commission Headquarters (Lima, Peru) Andean Court of Justice Andean Congress (Bogot, Colombia) Latin American Reserve Fund Simn Bolvar Andean University
[edit] Secretaries-General
Sebastin Alegrett (Venezuela) 19972002 Guillermo Fernndez de Soto (Colombia) 20022004 Edward Allan Wagner Tizn (Peru) 20042006 Alfredo Fuentes Hernndez (Colombia), interim 20062007 Freddy Ehlers Zurita (Ecuador), 2007[10]2010[11]
Free Trade Area of the Americas Mercosur Trade bloc Union of South American Nations
[edit] References
1. ^ http://www.comunidadandina.org/ingles/common/mercosur2.htm[dead link] 2. ^ In the framework of the Union of South American Nations and/or Mercosur-CAN
cooperation agreements
4.
5. 6.
7.
8. 9. 10. 11.
Andean Community official webpage BBC - S America launches trading bloc News of CAN Andean Community and Mercosur Andean Community membership
The Council on Hemispheric Affairs An Independent Source of Latin American News and Opinion A U.S.-Colombia Free Trade Agreement: Strengthening Democracy and Progress in Latin America Tensions Rise Over Andean Election by Nathaniel Kenninger, Indiana Daily, June 17, 2009 [hide]v d eRegional integration in Latin America and the Caribbean Spanish American wars of independence Latin American wars of independence Latin American integration PanAmericanism Simn Bolvar Jos de San Martn Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization Andean Community of Nations Association of Caribbean States Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas Caribbean Community Central American Integration System Latin American Integration Association Latin American Economic System Mercosur Organization of American States Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Organization of Ibero-American States Petrocaribe Rio Group Union of South American Nations Community of Latin American and Caribbean States Andean passport CARICOM Single Market and Economy CARICOM passport CARIPASS Central America-4 Border Control Agreement Projects Central America-4 passport Eastern Caribbean Currency Union Initiative for Infrastructure Integration of South America Interoceanic Highway SUCRE (currency) Andean Development Corporation Bank of the South Caribbean Court of Justice Caribbean Development Bank Inter-American Development Bank Latin American Parliament Mercosur Parliament South American Parliament
Organizations
Institutions
FTAs Caribbean Free Trade Association Dominican Republic Central America FTA Free Trade Area of the Americas G3
Free Trade Agreement North American Free Trade Agreement NAFTA [show]v d eUnion of South American Nations
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andean_Community_of_Nations" Categories: Andean Community of Nations | 1969 establishments Hidden categories: All articles with dead external links | Articles with dead external links from December 2008 | Articles containing Spanish language text
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