The UST Hymn Seat of Aquinas, majestic enduring the storms of the ages.

Shrine of our ancient fathers, Carved in these isles This is the castle imperious. This is the home of our sages. Blessed by the Cross of the angels, Gift of our Mother Spain! Deep in her echoing chambers Flames of eternal yearning Cast their benignant shadows athwart this beloved land. Keeping the torches of freedom and heave forever burning. Deep in the heart led by the Saviour's command. (Chorus) God of all nations Merciful Lord of our restless being, Sweep with your golden lilies; This fountain of purest light; Trace with the sails of the galleons the dream beyond our seeing Touch with the flame of your kindness the gloom of our darkest night. Keep us in beauty and truth and virtues impassioned embrace Ever your valiant legions IMBUED WITH UNENDING GRACE!

Saint Dominic
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

For the village in Cornwall, see St Dominic, Cornwall. Saint Dominic (Spanish: Santo Domingo), also known as Dominic of Osma andDominic of Caleruega (occasionally Calaruega), often called Dominic de Guzmnand Domingo Flix de Guzmn (1170 August 6, 1221) was the founder of the Friars Preachers, popularly called the Dominicans or Order of Preachers (OP), a Roman Catholic religious order. Dominic is the patron saint of astronomers.[3]

[edit]Life [edit]Birth

and parentage

Dominic was born in Caleruega, halfway between Osma and Aranda de Duero in Old Castile, Spain. He was named after Saint Dominic of Silos, who is said to be the patron saint of hopeful mothers, astronomers. The Benedictine abbey of Santo Domingo de Silos lies a few miles north of Caleruega. In the earliest narrative source, by Jordan of Saxony, Dominic's parents are not named. The story is told that before his birth his mother dreamed that a dog leapt from her womb carrying a torch in its mouth, and "seemed to set the earth on fire". This story is likely to have emerged when his order became known, after his name, as theDominican order, in Latin is Dominicanus and by a play of words was interpreted asDomini canis: "Dog of the Lord." Jordan adds that Dominic was brought up by his parents and a maternal uncle who was an archbishop.[4] The failure to name them is not surprising, since Jordan's work is a history of the early years of the Order rather than abiography of Dominic. A later source, still of the 13th century, gives the names of Dominic's mother and father as Juana and Felix.[5] Nearly a century after Dominic's birth, a local author asserts that Dominic's father was "vir venerabilis et dives in populo suo" ("an honoured and wealthy man in his village").[6] The earliest statement that Dominic's father belonged to the family de Guzmn, and that his mother belonged to the Aa or Aza family, occurs in the travel narrative of Pero Tafur, written in 1439 or soon after.[7]

[edit]Education

and early career

Dominic was educated in the schools of Palencia, afterwards a university, where he devoted six years to the arts and four to theology.[8] In 1191, when Spain was desolated by a season of famine, Dominic was in the midst of his theological studies.[9] Legend holds that he gave away his money and sold his clothes, his furniture and even his precious manuscripts, that he might relieve distress. When, according to this legend, his companions expressed astonishment that he should sell his books, Dominic is said to have replied: "Would you have me study off these dead skins, when men are dying of hunger?"[10] In 1194, around twenty-five years old, Dominic joined the Canons Regular in the canonry of Osma, following the rule of Saint Benedict.[11]

Saint Dominic saw the need for a new type of organization to address the needs of his time, one that would bring the dedication and systematic education of the older monastic orders to bear on the religious problems of the burgeoning population of cities, but with more organizational flexibility than either monastic orders or the secular clergy.

In 1203 or 1204 he accompanied Diego de Acebo, the Bishop of Osma, on a diplomatic mission for Alfonso VIII, King of Castile, in order to secure a bride in Denmark for crown prince Ferdinand.[12] The mission made its way to Denmark via the south of France.

When they crossed the Pyrenees into southern France, Dominic and Diego encountered theCathars, a Christian religious sect with gnostic and dualistic beliefs, viewed by the Roman Catholic Church as heretical. The Cathars ordained women as well as men; their "clergy" were celibate, vowed to poverty, and not subject to the pontiff's rule. Pope Innocent III initiated the first crusade against European Christian heretics with his Albigensian Crusades against the Cathars. Traveling up again to Denmark in 1204 or 1205 and finding that the intended bride had died, Diego and Dominic returned by way of Rome and Cteaux.[citation needed]

[edit]Foundation

of the Dominicans

In 1208 Dominic encountered the papal legates returning in pomp to Rome, foiled in their attempt to counter the growing sect. In 1215, Dominic established himself, with six followers, in a house given by Peter Seila, a rich resident of Toulouse.[13] He subjected himself and his companions to the monastic rules ofprayer and penance; and meanwhile bishop Foulques gave them written authority to preach throughout the territory of Toulouse.[14] In the same year, the year of the Fourth Lateran Council, Dominic and Foulques went to Rome to secure the approval of the Pope, Innocent III. Dominic returned to Rome a year later, and was finally granted written authority in December 1216 and January 1217 by the new pope, Honorius III for an order to be named "The Order of Preachers" ("Ordo Praedicatorum", or "O.P.," popularly known as the Dominican Order).[15]

[edit]Later

life

His chapel at Basilica of San Domenico, Bologna

Dominic made his headquarters at Rome,[16] although he traveled extensively to maintain contact with his growing brotherhood of friars.[17] It was in the winter of 12161217, at the house of Ugolino de' Conti that he first met William of Montferrat, afterwards a close friend.[18] Dominic arrived in Bologna on 21 December 1218.[19] A convent was established at the Mascarella church by the Blessed Reginald of Orlans.[20] Soon afterwards they had to move to the church of San Nicol of the Vineyards.[21] Dominic settled in this church and held in this church the first two General Chapters of the order.[22][23] He died there on 6 August 1221 and was moved into a simple sarcophagus in 1233. [24][25]

San Domenico Guzman Fresco in Cantarana Denise Schenardi, 2007

In 1267 Dominic's remains were moved to the shrine, made byNicola Pisano and his workshop.[26]

According to Guiraud, Dominic abstained from meat,[27]"observed stated fasts and periods of silence",[28] "selected the worst accommodations and the meanest clothes", and "never allowed himself the luxury of a bed".[29][30] "When travelling, he beguiled the journey with spiritual instruction and prayers" (also Guiraud).[31] Guiraud also states that "as soon as Dominic passed the limits of towns and villages, he took off his shoes, and, however sharp the stones or thorns, he trudged on his way barefooted",[32] and that "rain and other discomforts elicited from his lips nothing but praises to God".[33] Dominic died at the age of fifty-one, according to Guiraud "exhausted with the austerities and labours of his career".[34] He had reached the convent of St Nicholas at Bologna, Italy, "weary and sick with a fever".[35] Guiraud states that Dominic "made the monks lay him on some sacking stretched upon the ground"[36] and that "the brief time that remained to him was spent in exhorting his followers to havecharity, to guard their humility, and to make their treasure out of poverty".[37] He died at noon on 6 August 1221.[38]

[edit]Inquisition

Pedro Berruguete, St Dominic Presiding over an Auto de fe (around 1495[39]).

That Dominic was the founder of the Albigensian Inquisition and the first inquisitor-general has become a part of Roman tradition. It is affirmed by all the historians of the Order, and by all thepanegyrists of the Inquisition; it is found in the bull Invictarum of Sixtus V,[citation needed] and it is confirmed by a bull of Innocent III, appointing him inquisitor-general.[citation needed] The 19th century historian Henry Charles Lea stated, "Yet it is safe to say that no tradition of the Church rests on a slenderer basis." Lea went on to state in the same paragraph: "That Dominic devoted the best years of his life to combating heresy there is no doubt, and as little that, when a heretic was deaf to argument or persuasion, he would cheerfully stand by the pyre and see him burned, like any other zealous missionary of the time; but in this he was no more prominent than hundreds of others, and of organized work in this direction he was utterly guiltless."[40] What part Dominic personally had in the proceedings of the episcopal Medieval Inquisition has been disputed for many centuries.[citation needed] The historical sources from Dominic's own time period tell us nothing about his involvement in the Inquisition,[citation needed] although several early Dominicans, including some of Dominic's first followers, did become inquisitors.[citation needed] The statement that Dominic had been an inquisitor was first made in the 14th century by a famous Dominican inquisitor, Bernard Gui, who tried to paint his Order's founder as a participant in the Institution.[citation needed] In the 15th century, Dominic would be depicted as presiding at an auto da f, later offering German Protestant critics of the Catholic Church an argument against the Order whose preaching had proven to be a formidable opponent in the lands of the Reformation.[citation needed] Thus a 14th century claim became a part of theBlack Legend.[citation needed]

Despite the bull Invictarum of Sixtus V cited above, Jacques chard argued that Dominic could not have been an inquisitor because the Papal Inquisition was not officially established until 1231 by Pope Gregory IX.[41], although of course the Episcopal Inquisition in which Dominicans played an important role predates that. Some others call the Saint "the first inquisitor" with no other historical basis.[41]

Domingo de Guzman (Our Lady of ManaoagMuseum,Philippines).

[edit]Rosary
.

St Dominic receives the Rosary from the Virgin Mary (Carlow Cathedral, stained glass by Franz Mayer)

Main article: Rosary The spread of the Rosary, a Marian devotion, is attributed to the preaching of St. Dominic.[42][43] The Rosary has for centuries been at the heart of the Dominican Order. Pope Pius XI stated that: "The Rosary of Mary is the principle and foundation on which the very Order of Saint Dominic rests for making perfect the life of its members and obtaining the salvation of others." [44] For centuries, Dominicans have been instrumental in spreading the rosary and emphasizing the Catholic belief in the power of the rosary.[45]

Thomas Aquinas
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

"Aquinas" redirects here. For other uses, see Aquinas (disambiguation). Thomas Aquinas, O.P. ( /kwans/ -KWY-ns; 1225 7 March 1274), also Thomas of Aquin or Aquino,

was an Italian Dominican priest of the Roman Catholic Church, and an immensely influential philosopher and theologian in the tradition of scholasticism, known as Doctor Angelicus ([the] Angelic Doctor), Doctor Communis, or Doctor Universalis.[1]"Aquinas" is not a surname, but is a Latin demonym for a resident of Aquino, his place of birth. He was the foremost classical proponent of natural theology, and the father ofThomism. His influence on Western thought is considerable, and much of modern philosophy was conceived as a reaction against, or as an agreement with, his ideas, particularly in the areas of ethics, natural law, metaphysics, and political theory.

Thomas is held in the Catholic Church to be the model teacher for those studying for the priesthood.[2] The works for which he is best-known are the Summa Theologica and theSumma Contra Gentiles. As one of the 33 Doctors of the Church, he is considered the Church's greatest theologian and philosopher. Pope Benedict XV declared: "This (Dominican) Order ... acquired new luster when the Church declared the teaching of Thomas to be her own and that Doctor, honored with the special praises of the Pontiffs, the master and patron of Catholic schools."[3]

Biography
[edit]Dominican

(12251244)

Thomas was born in Roccasecca c. January 28, 1225, according to some authors in the castle of his father, the Count Landulf of Aquino, placed in Roccasecca, in the same Contea di Aquino (Kingdom of Sicily, in the present-day: Italy, in the Lazio, province). Thomas was of Langobardic origin by his father and through his mother, Theodora Countess of Theate, he was related to theHohenstaufen dynasty of Holy Roman emperors.
[5] [4][not in citation given]

Landulf's brother Sinibald was abbot of the

[6]

original Benedictineabbey at Monte Cassino. While the rest of the family's sons pursued military careers, the family intended for Thomas to follow his uncle into the abbacy;
[4]

this would have been a

normal career path for a younger son of southern Italian nobility.

At the age of five, Thomas began his early education at Monte Cassino but after the military conflict that broke out between the Emperor Frederick II and Pope Gregory IX spilled into the abbey in early 1239, Landulf and Theodora had Thomas enrolled at the studium generale (university) recently established by Frederick in Naples.
[7]

It was here that Thomas was probably introduced

[8]

to Aristotle,Averroes and Maimonides, all of whom would influence his theological philosophy.

It was

also during his study at Naples that Thomas came under the influence of John of St. Julian, a Dominican preacher in Naples, who was part of the active effort by the Dominican order to recruit devout followers.
[9] [10]

Here his teacher in arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, and music was Petrus de Ibernia.

The Castle of Monte San Giovanni Campano

At age nineteen, Thomas resolved to join the Dominican Order. Thomas's change of heart did not please his family, who had expected him to become a Benedictine monk.
[12] [11]

In an attempt to prevent Theodora's

interference in Thomas's choice, the Dominicans arranged for Thomas to be removed to Rome, and from Rome, sent to Paris. On his way to Rome, his brothers, per Theodora's instructions, seized him as he

was drinking from a spring and took him back to his parents at the castle of Monte San Giovanni

Campano.

[12]

He was held for two years in the family homes at Monte San Giovanni and Roccasecca in

an attempt to prevent him from assuming the Dominican habit and to push him into renouncing his new aspiration. detention,
[8]

Political concerns prevented the Pope from ordering Thomas's release, extending the a detention which Thomas spent tutoring his sisters and communicating with members of the
[8]

[13]

Dominican Order.

Family members became desperate to dissuade Thomas, who remained determined

to join the Dominicans. At one point, two of his brothers hired a prostitute to seduce him, but he drove her away, wielding a burning stick. According to legend, that night two angels appeared to him as he slept and strengthened his determination to remain celibate.
[14]

By 1244, seeing that all of her attempts to

dissuade Thomas had failed, Theodora sought to save the family's dignity, arranging for Thomas to escape at night through his window. In her mind, a secret escape from detention was less damaging than an open surrender to the Dominicans. Thomas was sent first to Naples and then to Rome to meet Johannes von Wildeshausen, the Master General of the Dominican Order.
[15]

Theology

17th century sculpture of Thomas Aquinas

Thomas viewed theology, or the sacred doctrine, as a science,

[38]

the raw material data of which consists

of written scripture and the tradition of the Catholic Church. These sources of data were produced by the self-revelation of God to individuals and groups of people throughout history. Faith and reason, while distinct but related, are the two primary tools for processing the data of theology. Thomas believed both were necessary or, rather, that theconfluence of both was necessary for one to obtain true knowledge of God. Thomas blended Greek philosophy and Christian doctrine by suggesting that rational thinking and the study of nature, like revelation, were valid ways to understand truths pertaining to God. According to Thomas, God reveals himself through nature, so to study nature is to study God. The ultimate goals of theology, in Thomas's mind, are to use reason to grasp the truth about God and to experience salvation through that truth. [edit]Revelation Thomas believed that truth is known through reason (natural revelation) and faith (supernatural revelation). Supernatural revelation has its origin in the inspiration of the Holy Spirit and is made available through the teaching of the prophets, summed up in Holy Scripture, and transmitted by the Magisterium, the sum of which is called "Tradition". Natural revelation is the truth available to all people through their human nature; certain truths all men can attain from correct human reasoning. For example, he felt this applied to rational ways to know the existence of God.

Though one may deduce the existence of God and his Attributes (One, Truth, Good, Power, Knowledge) through reason, certain specifics may be known only through special revelation (such as the Trinity). In Thomas's view, special revelation is equivalent to the revelation of God in Jesus Christ. The major theological components of Christianity, such as the Trinity and the Incarnation, are revealed in the teachings of the Church and the Scriptures and may not otherwise be deduced. Supernatural revelation (faith) and natural revelation (reason) are complementary rather than contradictory in nature, for they pertain to the same unity: truth.

University of Santo Tomas

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Not to be confused with University of St. Thomas.

University of Santo Tomas

Unibersidad ng Santo Toms

Seal of the University of Santo Toms

Latin: Pontificia et Regalis Sancti Thom Aquinatis Universitas Manilana

Motto

Veritas in Caritate

Motto in English

Truth in Charity

Established

April 28, 1611

Type

Pontifical, Royal, Private

Religious affiliation

Roman Catholic, Dominican

Chancellor

Very Rev. Fr. Bruno Cador, OP, S.Th.D

Vice-Chancellor

Very Rev. Fr. Gerard Francisco P. Timoner III, OP

Rector

Rev. Fr. Herminio V. Dagohoy, OP

Secretary General

Rev. Fr. Florentino A. Bolo Jr., OP, JCL

Students

41,653 (as of 2010)[1]

Undergraduates

31,179

Location

Sampaloc, Manila,Philippines

Campus

21.5 hectares, Urban

Former names

Colegio de Nuestra Seora del Santsimo Rosario, Colegio de Santo Toms de Manila

Hymn

"The UST Hymn"

Colors

Gold and white

Nickname

Growling Tigers (formerly "Glowing Goldies")

Mascot

Tiger

Affiliations

ICUSTA, IAU, ASAIHL, UAAP,among others.

Website

www.ust.edu.ph

The Pontifical and Royal University of Santo Tomas, The Catholic University of the Philippines (UST, Filipino: Unibersidad ng Santo Tomas, Spanish: Universidad de Santo Toms, colloquially, "Ust") is a private, Roman Catholic university run by theOrder of Preachers in Manila. Founded on 28 April 1611 by archbishop of Manila Miguel de Benavides, it has the oldest extant university charter in the Philippines and in Asia[2][3] and is one of the world's largest Catholic universities in terms of enrollment found on one campus.[4][5] UST is also the largest university in the city of Manila. As aPontifical University in Asia,[6] UST is the only university to have been visited by two popes three times: once by Pope Paul VI on Nov. 28, 1970, and twice by Pope John Paul II on Feb. 18, 1981 and January 13, 1995.[7] The University is composed of several autonomous faculties, colleges, schools and institutes, each conferring undergraduate, graduate and postgraduate degrees, and the basic education units. Several degrees have been accredited by the Commission on Higher Education as Centers of Excellence and Centers of Development. The Patron of the University is St. Thomas Aquinas, while St. Catherine of Alexandria is the Patroness.[8] Prominent Thomasians include saints, Philippine presidents, heroes, artists, scientists, professionals and religious figures, who have figured prominently in the history of the Philippines. The athletic teams are the Growling Tigers, members of the University Athletic Association of the Philippines and are consistent winners of the Overall Championship.