Cardio vascular system.

I start off at the aorta going down though the pulmonary vein into the left atrium then going down to the left ventricle, then I get pushed out of the left ventricle and down through the aorta where the blood changes from oxygen blood to de oxygen blood, and the oxygen blood goes of to every part of the body to create energy, then the red blood cells carry on going up through the vena cava up into the right atrium and drops down into the right ventricle and gets pushed up through the your hear has 2 beats the first 1 isnt as powerful as the second as on the first 1 gravity can take over but on the second beat it has to go against gravity and needs to be a lot more powerful as the first beat is lub and the second beat is dub. Pulmonary artery and back to the lungs to start the circle again. On average your resting heart rate is 220 beats per minute minus your age. Your heart is a single organ, but it acts as a double pump. The first pump carries oxygen-poor blood to your lungs, where it unloads carbon dioxide and picks up oxygen. It then delivers oxygen-rich blood back to your heart. The second pump delivers oxygen-rich blood to every part of your body. Blood needing more oxygen is sent back to the heart to begin the cycle again. In one day your heart transports all your blood around your body about 1000 times. 1.

5 mechanisms of venous return. Pocket values- one way valves which prevent backflow of blood. Muscle pump- veins located between skeletal muscles use the contraction of nearby muscles to help squeeze blood back to the heart. Respiratory Pump- During exercise the lungs work harder, this creates pressure changes in the abdomen. These pressure changes force blood back to the heart through the larger veins Smooth muscles- contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle in the walls of the veins helps push blood back to the heart. Gravity- Blood from the upper body uses gravity to help it return to the heart What is the vascular shunt mechanism? When we exercise the blood is pumped to our muscles however when we rest it goes to our main organs. Smaller doorways called pre capillary sphincters open and close to allow this. What is heart rate: Resting HR is the number of times the heart beats at rest this is best recorded in the morning, you can work your heart rate out by 220 age = maximal.

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Stroke volume: Stroke volume is the amount of blood ejected from a ventricle in one contraction. Stroke volume is therefore the different between the amount of blood that enters the ventricle before contraction (End diastolic volume) and the amount of the blood left in the ventricle after contraction (End systolic volume). A normal value for stroke volume (SV) is about 70 millilitres. 4. Explain the conduction system: the cardiac cycle= the mechanical effects of one heart beat. The heart beat is started by its own electrical impulse called the cardiac impulse. The heart is myogenic for example it creates its own pulse.
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