Questions and answers

1. Name three cell organelles of plant and animal cell. Plant cell Animal cell Nucleus Cell wall Cell wall Mitochondria vacuole Cell membrane 2. Write the name of the structure labeled.
F

A. Cell wall D. vacuole B. Cell membrane E. nucleus C. Cytoplasm F. chloroplast 3. Write the function of the following cell structures. a. Nucleus: it controls all the chemical reactions that take place in the cell, hence is known as the control centre of the cell. b. Chloroplast: this is disk like structure that contains a green substance called chlorophyll. Chlorophyll absorbs suns energy and uses to make food during photosynthesis. 4.Write the function of the following cell. a. Sperm cell: for reproduction. b. Bone cell: to support the body. c. Red blood cell: to circulate oxygen. d. Nerve cell: to carry massages. e. Muscle cell: to cause body movements. 5.Define force. A force is something which changes the size, shape or speed of an object. 6.Name an instruments used to measure force. Newton meter. 7.Write the name and the symbol of the unit to measure force. Newton (N)

8.What is an unbalance force? Give an example. An unbalance force is force that used to start something moving. Eg: tag of war. 9. Define speed. Speed is the distance it travelled in one second or one hour. 10. What is gravitational force? Gravitational force is the force of attraction that pulls the objects towards the centre of the earth. 11. Define friction. Friction is the forces that slow down or stops the movement of an object. 12. Give three advantages of friction Enables to walk without slipping Helps a moving vehicle to stop when the brake is applied. Can use ladders against the walls without slipping. 13. Give three disadvantages of friction. Produce heat. Damages the machines. Damages or scratches surfaces when friction acts on two surfaces. 14. Friction force act on which direction? In the direction which is opposite to the direction of the force that moves the object. 15. Write two properties of carbon, symbol given to carbon and an example of carbon. Black solid and very hard.. Symbol is C. eg: pencil lead. 16. Write one properties of oxygen, symbol given to oxygen. It is a gas in the air. We need oxygen to breath. Its symbol is O. 17. Write two properties of sulphur, symbol given to sulphur and two uses of sulphur. Catches fire and giving off chocking fumes. Its symbol is S. We used it to make gunpowder and medicine. 18. Define conductors and insulators. Things that conduct heat and electricity are called conductors. Things that do not conduct heat and electricity are called insulators.

19. Define elements. Elements are substance made up of only one type of atoms. 20. Elements are divided into how many groups. What are they? Two groups. They are metals and non metals. 21. Write two metals and non metals with its symbol. Metals Non metals Silver (Ag) Hydrogen (H) Gold (Au) Carbon (C) 22. Where do you think you get water? From oceans, undergrounds, rain fall, rivers. 23. What are the main sources that we get water in Maldives? From Underground and rain fall. 24. What is the meting point of water? 0C 25. What is the boiling point of water? 100C 26. Explain the following terms. a. Melting: change of state from solid to liquid. b. Evaporation: change of state from gas to liquid. c. Condensation: change the state from gas to liquid.

27. Discuss and write down the ways how you can improve ground water. Do not waste ground water. Do not use ground water too much. 28. Write down in your own words the events or stages of water cycle. Heat from the sun evaporates the water from the seas, oceans, lakes, oceans etc. the water vapors rises up, cools and condense to form tiny droplets of water. The tiny droplets of water than join to form larger droplets to form clouds and fall back to the earth surface as rain or snow. 29. What are the two minerals present in hard water? Calcium ion and magnesium ion.

30. Define hard water. Water contains magnesium and calcium ions are called hard water. 31. What are the health problems that you face when using hard water? Cholera, typhoid and stomach disorders. 32. How can you remove impurities from water? By boiling By distillation. 33. What is meant by impurities? Substances, which pollute the water, making it dirty and unsafe to drink. 34. Write in your own words how desalination process works. The salt water goes into the tube and the salt water is compressed and fresh water passed through the plastic tube. 35. Explain the following terms. a. Filtration: removing solid substance from water. b. Distillation: removing dissolved substance from water. c. Boiling: kill germs. ( but not all) d. Chlorination: adding chemicals like chlorine.

36. Define mixture. Mixture contains two or more substance mixed physically.

37. Define soluble and insoluble. Soluble: substance which dissolves in water. Insoluble: substance which does not dissolve in water.

38. Define desalination. Water is evaporated and then the steam is condensed back to water. 39. Define pure substance. A pure substance contains only one compound or elements.

40. Define filtration. Removal of solid substance from liquids is called filtration. 41. Explain the process decanting. Let the mixture to settle for some time. So that the solids settles down at the bottom. Carefully pour out the liquid leaving the solid behind. 42. Solid substances can be dissolved faster in a liquid. How can you speed up the dissolving? Heat the liquid. Shake or stir the mixture. Crush the solids into smaller pieces. 43. Explain why mineral water is not pure in scientific way. Because in scientific way pure substances contains only one types of compound or elements .but in mineral water there are many compounds. 44. Explain chromatography. It is the process used to separate and identify the different colored components in dye or ink. 45. Write two use of chromatography in everyday life. It is used to test substances for its purity. It is used I testing the dyes added to the food we eat. 46. Explain: Solution: a liquid with solid dissolved in it. Solvent: the liquid that does the dissolving. Saturated: its completely full with solids. 47. Define crystallization. It is the process used to separate soluble solids from its solution. 48. How can you make salt crystals out of salt solutions? When the salt solution is heated the water evaporates and the smaller salt crystals joint to form larger crystals. 49. Write down the composition of air by volume. Nitrogen: 78% Oxygen: 21% Others: 1%

50. Why air considered as a mixture? Because, it contains many gases. 51. Write one properties of nitrogen. Colorless and odorless gas. 52. Define noble gases. Inactive and does not combine easily with other substances.

53. Write the uses of the following gases: Helium: used to fill air ships. Neon: used in strip lighting. Nitrogen: used to make fertilizers. Argon: used to fill the light bulbs. Oxygen: used to produce very hot flames. Carbon dioxide: used in fizzy dinks. 54. Define air pressure. The pushing force of air is called air pressure. 55. Write the test for: Carbon dioxide: when you add calcium carbonate and acid in a test tube. Pass the gas evolved through lime water. It turns milky. Oxygen: add hydrogen peroxide and manganese dioxide in a test tube. Test the gas evolved using a glowing splint. It relights with the glowing splint. Water: put some copper sulphate powder or cobalt chloride paper in each tube. When we pour water into it the color change to white to blue. 56. Define physical change and chemical change. Physical changes: changes that is reversible. Chemical change: changes that is not reversible. 57. What cause changes? Heat, light, electricity and mixing. 58. Give two examples of changes brought by heating. Meting of ice. Open a bottle cap when pouring the hot water.

59. What is expansion? Increase in volume. 60. What is contraction? Decrease in volume. 61. Define photosynthesis. Green plants make their own food using carbon dioxide and water. 62. What is the word equation used during photosynthesis. Carbon dioxide + water light energy glucose + oxygen Chlorophyll 63. What happen when electric current pass through a light bulb? The filaments get heated and glow. 64. What happens to the bulb what electric current stops flowing? The filament cools and no light is given off. 65. Define telecommunication. Sending and receiving messages from one person to another person or from one plavce to another place. 66. Write two ways people used to communicate in the past. Smoke signals. Blowing conch shells

67. Write two ways people used to communicate now. Telephone. Fax machine. 68. Define transport. Carrying peoples and goods from one place to another place is called transport. 69. Write two differences between past and present modes of transport. Past Present It was not safe. It is safe. It is difficult and take lots of time. It is easy and fast.