LESSON PLAN

School Name Learning Subject Class / Semester

: SMA N 1 Pekalongan : Chemistry : XI / 2

Meeting Sequence : 2 Time Allocation : 2 x 45 minutes

I.

Standard Competency To understand the properties of acid base solutions, measuring methods, and their applied.

II.

Basic Competency To describe theory of acid-base with determining the characteristic of solutions and calculate the pH solutions.

III.

Competency Indicator 1. To identify characteristic of some acid and base solutions with using indicator

IV.

Objectives 1. Students can understand the definition about acid and base from the various theory 2. Students can understand the definition about acid base indicator 3. Students can give 5 examples of indicator acid base solution 4. Students can identify acid base solutions with using indicator

V.

Subject Matter A. Definition of acid and base There are three theory about definition of acid and base. They are Arrhenius theory, Bronsted-Lowry theory, and Lewis theory. 1. Arrhenius acid base theory explain that acid is substance that release H+ ion in water. That base is substance that release OH- ion in water. 2. Bronsted-Lowry acid base theory explain that acid is substance that release proton (H+ ion). That base is substance that receive proton (H+ ion). 3. Lewis acid base theory explain that acid is a substance that receive electron pairs and base is substance that release electron pairs.

B. Acid base indicator Acid base indicators are substance that can show the color or number that different if they are in the environment that have different characteristic, like acid or base. The substances that can use as acid base indicators are red and blue litmus papers, universal indicator, pH meter, phenolphthalein, brom timol blue, etc.

C. Characteristic of acid base solution The characteristic of acid and base solution can be known by using acid base indicators. For example is when we use red and blue litmus paper indicators, the acid solution will be known if both of red and blue litmus paper will change color become red. If both of them become blue, it means the solution is base. But if both the color of them is not change, it means the solution is neutral.

VI.

Learning Approach Discussion and demonstration methods

VII.

Learning Activities No. 1. Learning Activities Introduction 1. Teacher ask the students about their understanding about acid and base Apperception 1. Teacher ask the students why if the people that seldom brush their teeth, their teeth will become easily porous 2. Main Activities Exploration 1. Student answer the teacher question about how to know the solution is acid or base 2. Students asked by teacher about definition of acid base indicator 3. Student asked by teacher how many kinds of acid base indicator 4. Teacher explain about litmus paper Elaboration 1. Students pay attention the teacher direction 2. Students pay attention the teacher 15 minutes Time Allocation 5 minutes

demonstration 3. Students asked by teacher to predict the characteristic of some solution by group Confirmation 1. Some of student ask the teacher to demonstrate in front of class to prove the answer 3. Closing the Class 1. Students with teacher guidance conclude 5 minutes

the result of this experiment 2. Students do the post test 3. Teacher give the students task to study for the next meeting

VIII.

Source and Media Purba, Michael. 2006. Kimia Untuk SMA Kimia kelas XI Semerter II. Jakarta :Erlangga.

IX.

Evaluation / Assessment a. Cognitive b. Psychomotor c. Affective = Written test = Observation = Observation

Cognitive Evaluation 1. Explain the Bronsted-Lowry acid-base theory! 2. Give each three examples of substance that belong to acid and base in the daily life! 3. This following substance is belongs to acid or base? No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Substance A B C D E F G H I Change color Red Litmus Red Blue Red Red Blue Blue Red Red Red Blue Litmus Red Blue Red Blue Blue Blue Blue Red Blue

10.

Blue

Blue

4. Mention five examples of the artificial acid base indicators besides the litmus paper! 5. Mention five examples of the natural acid base indicators that you know!

Psychomotor Evaluation No. Aspect that Evaluated 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Preparing tools for experiment Preparing materials for experiments Doing Experiment Write the observation Return the tools and metrials after experiment Score

Value =

x 100

Description about giving score 1. = Very Less 2. = Less 3. = Good 4. = Very good

Affective Evaluation
No. Name students Aspect that evaluated A B C D E Total Score Value

Value =

x 100

Description about aspect that evaluated : A. = Motivation students in doing experiment B. = Interaction student with teacher C. = Interaction inter students D. = Cooperatively Group E. = Activity student in its group

Description about giving score 1. = Very less 2. = Less 3. = Good 4. = Very good

X.

AnswerQuestion 1. Bronsted-Lowry acid-base theory is explain that acid is substance that release proton (H+ ion) and base is substance that receive proton (H+ ion). 2. Substance that belong to acid and base in the daily life are a. Acid 1. Vinegar 2. Orange 3. Carbolic 3. The following substances are belong to: No. 1. 2. Substance A B Change Color Red Litmus Red Blue Blue Litmus Red Blue Characteristic Acid Base b. base 1. Soap 2. Detergent 3. Chalk

3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

C D E F G H I J

Red Red Blue Blue Red Red Red Blue

Red Blue Blue Blue Blue Red Blue Blue

Acid Neutral Base Base Neutral Acid Neutral Base

4. Five examples of substances that belong to artificial acid base indicators beside litmus paper: a. Phenolphthalein b. Red and blue litmus paper c. Universal indicators d. pH meter e. Brom timol blue 5. Five examples of substances that belong to natural acid base indicators: a. Suji leaf b. Rose c. Hibiscus d. Turmeric e. Purple cabbage

Attachment

Characteristic of Acid-Base Solution

A. Objective 1. To distinguish solution that include acid or base 2. To Comprehend the color changes of acid and base substances using various indicators

B. Basic Theory Based on the characteristic of acid and base, the solutions divide into three groups such as acid, base, and neutral. To identify a solution belong to acid or base, there are some way. First is by using color indicator. This indicator will show the characteristic of solution with changing color. For example is red litmus paper is red if the solution is acid and will become blue if the solution is base. The characteristic af acid and base also can be identify by measure its pH. pH is a parameter that used to declare the acidity state of solution. Acid solution has pH less than 7 and base solution has pH greater than 7. If the solution is neutral, its mean the pH is 7. pH a solution can be determined by indicator pH indicator or pH meter.

C. Tools and Materials Tools 1. Litmus paper (red and blue) 2. Pipette 3. Test tube 4. Porcelain bowl

 Materials 1. Vinegar 2. Alcohol 3. Water 4. Soap D. Procedures 1. Piece litmus paper (red and blue) into small parts. 2. Drop each sample into porcelain bowl. 3. Dip the litmus paper (red and blue) into sample. 4. Observe the color change and record the result. 5. Sugar 6. H2SO4 7. Detergent

E. Observation Data 1. Litmus Paper No Solution 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Water Alcohol Sugar Vinegar Soap Detergent H2SO4 Red Litmus Blue Litmus Characteristic of the Solution

F. Questions 1. Based on the experiment, what is the solution that belong to acid, base, and neutral? 2. Mentioned 3 examples of nature acid base indicators with its trayek change color!