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Section 11:
by Honeywell
Section 11.1:
by Honeywell
Contents
Product Descriptions Design Stage 1: Initial Considerations Design Stage 2: Compulsory lighting locations- Points of Emphasis Design Stage 3: Exit Signage Design Stage 4: Escape Routes Design Stage 5: Anti Panic or Open Areas Design Stage 6: High Risk Task Areas Design Stage 7: Which type Self contained or centrally supplied luminaires? Design Stage 8: Maintenance and Testing
Product Descriptions
Emergency Escape Lighting System Design.
by Honeywell
The list below has been taken from ICEL 1006 and provides a brief explanation of various terms used widely in
Application terminology
Emergency escape lighting
That part of emergency lighting provided to enable safe exit in the event of failure of the normal supply. Emergency exit A way out which is intended to be used any time that the premises are occupied.
Ballast
Controls the operation of a fluorescent lamp for a specified AC or DC source (typically between 12 and 240 Volts). It can also include elements for starting the lamp, for power factor correction or radio frequency interference suppression.
Final exit
The terminal point of an escape route, beyond which persons are no longer in danger from fire or any other hazard requiring evacuation of the building.
Battery capacity
The discharge capability of a battery, being a product of average current and time, expressed as ampere hours over a stated duration. Note that a shorter total discharge period gives rise to a smaller available capacity.
Design voltage
The voltage declared by the manufacturer to which all the ballast characteristics are related.
F mark
Shows the luminaire can be mounted on combustible surfaces. It does not show that the luminaire is fire retardant.
Flux
The illumination produced by one lumen over 1 square metre.
Illuminance
The luminous flux density at a surface, i.e the luminous flux incidence per unit area. The unit of illuminance is lux (Lumens/m2).
Product Descriptions
room index
The relationship between the height, length and width of a room used for illuminance calculations.
Lux
A measure of lighting density, expressed in lumens per area.
Service factor
This is the ratio that compares the level of illuminance provided by a system after a number of years in service, with the output provided by the same system when new. Sometimes known as Maintenance factor.
maintained mode
A luminaire containing one or more lamps all of which operate from the normal supply or from the emergency supply at all material times.
mounting height
The vertical distance between the luminaire and the working plane. Note that the floor is taken to be the working plane for emergency lighting.
Slave luminaires
An emergency luminaire without its own batteries designed to work with a Central Battery System.
uniformity ratio
This is the ratio of minimum illuminance, and the average illuminance measured at floor level.
Non-maintained mode
A luminaire containing one or more lamps, which operate from the emergency supply only upon failure of the normal mains supply.
rated duration
The length of time a luminaire is designed to operate after the mains has failed. (Typically 1 or 3 hours from a fully charged battery).
rated load
The maximum load that may be connected to the system and will be supplied for the rated duration.
re-charge period
The time necessary for the batteries to regain sufficient capacity to achieve their rated duration.
Design Stage 1
Design Stage 1:
by Honeywell
The design specification, selection and installation of emergency lighting is covered by an extensive range of legislation which are under continual review, being amended, in response to Directives and Standards issued by the relevant statutory bodies of the European Union. The first stage of system design is to gather all information for the project through reference to local authorities for current legislative Standards and Directives, and must pay due regard to users/customers preferences.
prImary uK LEGISLaTION DESCrIpTION The Fire Precautions in the workplace Act of 1997 Further guidance is available in the HSE book FIRE SAFETY an Employers Guide Health and Safety at work etc. Act 1974 The Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992 Building Regulations Act 2000 Document B The Cinematograph Act 1952 Health & Safety (Safety Signs and Signals) Regulations Act 1996 Other legislation dealing with premises licensed or registered for public assembly or residential purposes, e.g. Licensing Act, Local Government Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, Theatres Act, Residential Homes Act etc, the guides for which all contain a requirement for emergency lighting STaNDarDS aND CODES OF praCTICE CODE / STaNDarD BS 5266: Pt 1 CP1007 BS EN 60598-2-22 BS 5499: Pt 1 BS 5499: Pt 2 BS 5499: Pt 3 ISO3864-1 DESCrIpTION 1999 Code of practice for the emergency lighting of premises other than cinemas and certain other specified premises used for entertainment 1955 Maintained lighting for cinemas 1999 Specification for luminaires for emergency lighting 1990 Specification of safety sign, inc.fire safety signs 1990 Specification for self-luminous fire safety signs 1990 Specification for internally-illuminated fire safety signs Graphical symbols safety colours and safety signs
HarmONISED EurOpEaN STaNDarDS CODE / STaNDarD HD 384 EN 60598-2-22 EN 1838 (BS 5266:Pt7) EN 50171 DESCrIpTION Electrical installation of buildings Specification for luminaires for emergency lighting Lighting applications emergency lighting Central power supply systems
DraFT EurOpEaN STaNDarDS CODE / STaNDarD prEN 50172 doc. CEN/TC 169WG7 N61D/E/F DESCrIpTION Emergency escape lighting systems Measurement and presentation of photometric data for lamps and luminaires
EurOpEaN DIrECTIvES aND rECOmmENDaTIONS DIrECTIvE 89/654 EEC 92/58 EEC 89/106 EEC 86/666 EEC DESCrIpTION Workplace Directive Safety Signs Directive Construction Products Directive Fire Safety in Hotels Recommendation Requirements for Europe
Design Stage 2
Compulsory lighting locations points of Emphasis
Design Stage 2:
The positioning and selection of emergency lighting equipment is subject to the nature of the area to be protected, and should be identified during risk assessment. This should cover specific hazards and highlight safety equipment and signs. This section provides outline guidance on each of the defined areas that require protection. Areas initially requiring cover for designing a scheme are (these are mandatory):
Exit doors
Safety signs
Each intersection
Additional emergency lighting should be provided at the following: A B C D E F Lift cars Toilet facilities and other tiled areas which exceed 8m2 floor area and toilet facilities for the disabled Escalators Motor generator, control or plant rooms Covered car parks along pedestrian routes External escape routes
Design Stage 3
Design Stage 3: Exit signage
by Honeywell
These are required at all exits, emergency exits and along escape routes. A directional sign is required when sight of an emergency exit sign is not possible or doubt may exist. BS 5266 and EN 1838 state that all the emergency escape route signs and luminaires, which should be of the same design format, should be placed in all areas.
The Format
EXIT
1975 TO BE rEpLaCED By 24 DECEmBEr 1998 1990 DEEmED TO COmpLy wITH SIGNS DIrECTIvE FOr EXISTING INSTaLLaTIONS 1999 HSE SIGNS DIrECTIvE FOrmaT
100 x H 200 x H
maximum viewing Distance
Calculated using the following formulas: 200 x H for internally illuminated signs 100 x H for externally illuminated signs
Typical Scheme
D Safety signs E Each final exit point (internally and externally) F Fire alarm call points
C Exit doors
al Call Point
>8m
>8m
OFFICE NO.1
OFFICE NO.2
der
MALE WC
FEMALE WC
e Route
G Each intersection
DANGEROUS MACHINERY
WORKSHOP
DANGEROUS MACHINERY
RECEPTION
INSPECTION PIT
HAZARDOUS AREA
Key: Manual Call Point Sounder Escape Route Emergency Luminaire Emergency Exit Sign
>8m
>
MALE WC
FE
BOILER RO
Design Stage 4
Design Stage 4: Escape routes
by Honeywell
After all mandatory Luminaires and Exit signs have been positioned, it may be necessary to provide additional luminaires so that a minimum light level is reached along the escape route. The luminaires on an escape route of up to 2m wide should be positioned centrally. The illuminance is specified along the centre line with 50% of that illuminance over the 1 metre wide central band. Wider routes are treated as Open Areas or as multiple routes.
1 lux minimum on centre line of escape route
1 lux to wall
Transverse spacing between luminaires 1 lux minimum between luminaires (0.5 lux being provided by each luminaire)
In terms of illumination, EN 1838 calls for a minimum of 1.0 Lux anywhere along the centre line of the escape route. The UK has a National Exception which accepts 0.2 Lux along the centre line as long as the escape route is permanently unobstructed with points of emphasis to 1 Lux. Spacing table provide assistance in these calculations. BS 5266 recommends using a larger number of low power luminaires rather than a few high power units. In this way it ensures no part of the escape route is lit by just one luminaire. Reference to the Photometric Data will provide you with the information needed to determine the number of additional fittings that are required, with the existing luminaires provided to illuminate points of emphasis.
Design Stage 4
Maximum permitted spacing (in metres) to achieve 0.2 lux Permanently unobstructed route only e.g. UL8
Maximum permitted spacing (in metres) to achieve 0.2 lux Open (Antipanic) core areas e.g. UL8
Maximum permitted spacing (in metres) to achieve 0.2 lux Points of emphasis & normal risks e.g. UL8
Design Stage 5
Design Stage 5: anti panic or open areas
by Honeywell
Areas that are not escape routes or high risk, but still within the general requirements of current legislation, are known as open areas. The European Standard EN 1838 calls for a minimum of 0.5 Lux measured at floor level anywhere within the area excluding shadowing effects of room contents. The core area also excludes a 0.5m perimeter. Spacing Data for Anti Panic or Open Areas The number of luminaires required can be calculated using the following equation: Calculation Example Room measures 12 metres wide by 15 metres in length. 8 watt self-contained luminaires, with an ELDL of 130 lumens are to be mounted at 3 metres from the floor. The Service factor is 0.8, the K Factor is 0.65 and UFO is 0.47.
Core area (excludes 0.5m border)
The example is calculated by using the following equation: N = E x room width x room length UFO x SF x ELDL x K N E UFO number of luminaires is the average illuminance required (i.e. 1 lux) is the Utilisation Factor for an appropriate room index at zero reflectance
Transverse spacing to wall Transverse spacing between luminaires
The UFO can be obtained by first calculating the Room Index (RI) by using the following equation: RI = Length of room (L) x width of room (W) Mounting height of luminaire x (L + W
Once the RI has been calculated, refer to the UFO table within the Photometric Data SF ELDL K is the Service Factor, which takes account of cable voltage drop, lamp replacement period, component ageing and dust accumulation. For most purposes, a Service factor of 0.8 is valid for self contained and mains luminaires, and 0.75 for DC central battery luminaires. is the Design Lumen Output of the luminaire at its nominal operating voltage. is a factor which relates to the reduction in light output at the end of discharge, or 5 seconds after mains failure, whichever is the lowest.
Design Stage 6
High risk task areas
Design Stage 6:
The European Standard EN 1838 requires that higher levels of emergency lighting are provided in areas that are considered to present danger to a buildings occupants, in the event of a mains lighting failure, to be adequately illuminated. Adequate illumination is defined as at least 10% of the normal lighting, with a minimum level of 15 lux and continues for as long as the hazard exists. The average horizontal illuminance on the reference plane (not necessarily the floor) should be as high as the risk demands.
Summary OF ILLumINaNCE rEQuIrEmENTS EN 1838 Escape routes Open areas Additional areas High risk task areas 1 Lux minimum 0.5 Lux minimum in core area 0.5 Lux minimum 10% of normal illuminance BS 5266: pT 1: 1988 (SupErSEDED) 0.2 Lux minimum Routes with obstruction or used by elderly people require higher levels of lighting 1 Lux average over total area Not specified Not specified
Design Stage 7
Design Stage 7:
Essentially there are two basic systems to select from.
by Honeywell
Self-contained luminaires
The first is a system that utilises luminaires with their own battery, charger and changeover circuits. They also include conversion kits that can be used to enhance mains fluorescent luminaires, enabling them to provide illumination in the event of a normal supply failure.
BENEFITS
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DrawBaCKS
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Easy and quick to install Minimal wiring costs Reliable Ideal for smaller installations Safe: if one luminaire fails, the rest will still operate Site expansion easily catered for Widely available off-the-shelf
Batteries have a limited working life, and are susceptible to high ambient temperatures Relatively expensive for larger installations
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Centrally-Supplied Systems
The second type of system is one that is linked to a remote back-up power supply, which provides energy in the event of a normal supply failure. Of these, there are two basic types. DC Battery Systems These comprise of a battery, charging circuit and control circuit to provide DC power when needed.
BENEFITS
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DrawBaCKS
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Low running cost Extended system life Easy to test and maintain Relatively low luminaire cost Luminaires able to operate at high ambient temperatures
aC Battery systems These are central battery systems fitted with an inverter, to provide AC power in the event of a normal supply failure. Control circuitry is also incorporated to ensure a stabilised power output.
BENEFITS
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DrawBaCKS
l
Low running cost Extended system life Easy to test and maintain Relatively low luminaire cost Luminaires able to operate at high ambient temperatures Able to utilise existing mains luminaires Potential for producing higher light output
Design Stage 8
maintenance and testing
Design Stage 8:
The tasks of regular maintenance and testing are vital to make sure that a systems integrity and capacity to fulfil its task are maintained at all times. Essential servicing should be well defined to ensure that the scheme remains fully operational. Consumable items such as lamps & batteries should be available for immediate use. BS 5266 recommends a test procedure, elements of which will become mandatory once new draft European directives become law. All periodical testing as defined in BS 5266 should wherever possible be undertaken at times of minimum risk. All tests, results and corrective actions should be recorded in the site log book.
Section 11.2:
by Honeywell
Emergency Lighting
Contents
8W Luminaire Classic High Light Output 8W Luminaire Rectangular 8W Exit Sign 2 x 18W Twinlight (Surtwin) Photometric Data
8W Luminaire Classic
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by Honeywell
Suitable for a wide range of interior and exterior applications Cost effective with an optically efficient and durable lens design Maintained /non-maintained versions Weatherproof (fit seal supplied if an IP65 rating is required) Snap-fit construction with hinged gear tray Simple to install with screw terminal block and a BESA box mounting facility Stylish, slim profile design with a range of optional pictograms
8w Luminaire Classic
TECHNICaL SpECIFICaTION Ca8/Nm/3F Mode Emergency Duration Emergency Lamp O/P Maintained Lamp O/P Construction Dimensions H x L x D Weight Cable Entry Supply Voltage Power Consumption Standby Mode Power Consumption Mains Mode Recharge Period Battery Light Source Monitor Operating Temperature IP Rating Warranty Certification mODE Self contained Self contained CLaSSIC pICTOGramS pICTOGram LIST NumBEr BULK/DOWN DESCrIpTION Pictogram arrow down Non-maintained 3 hours 105 lumens N/A 345 x 95 x 75 1000g 230/240V 4.0VA N/A 24 hours 2 x 1.2V, 4000 mAh, Ni-Cd, high temp, rechargeable batteries pack 8 watt T5 cool white fluorescent tube Green LED monitoring mains supply and battery connection 0C to +30C IP65 when seal fitted 1 Year CE Ref. BS 4533 / EN 60598-2-22 LIST NumBEr CA8/M/3F CA8/NM/3F DESCrIpTION 8 watt maintained 8 watt non-maintained 50/60Hz 4.2VA 19.0VA 1200g Drill guides on sides and one end BESA in rear of fitting 380 lumens Styron housing, polycarbonate diffusor and mild steel geartray Ca8/m/3F Maintained
OrDEr CODES
8W Luminaire, IP65, Non-maintained 8W Luminaire, IP65, Maintained Semi-recessing Bezel for 8W Luminaire, White RK1/CA BULK/DOWN BULK/UP BULK/RIGHT BULK/LEFT Pictogram, arrow down Pictogram, arrow up CA8/M/3F CA8/NM/3F
BULK/UP
Pictogram arrow up
BULK/RIGHT
BULK/LEFT
A flexible high light output luminaire A separate mounting bracket and battery compartment makes the Unilux easy to install and maintain Elegant and functional design
LumHigh8 Luminaire
TECHNICaL SpECIFICaTION uL8/m/3F Mode Emergency Duration Emergency Lamp O/P Maintained Lamp O/P Construction Weight Cable Entry Supply Voltage Power Consumption Recharge Period Battery IP Rating Certification mODE Self contained Self contained uNILuX pICTOGramS pICTOGram LIST NumBEr LUM/DOWN DESCrIpTION Pictogram arrow down Maintained 3 hours 137 lumens 150 lumens ABS / Polycarbonate, self extinguishing 1160g 16mm/20mm cut-out on side of base. Also BESA entry from rear 230V ac, 50/60Hz 18VA Max 24 hours 3.6V 4.5Ah IP20 CE, NEMKO LIST NumBEr UL8/M/3F UL8/NM/3F DESCrIpTION 8 watt maintained 8 watt non-maintained 16VA uL8/Nm/3F Non-maintained
LUM/UP
Pictogram arrow up
OrDEr CODES
High Light Output 8W Luminaire, IP20, Non-maintained High Light Output 8WLuminaire, IP20, Maintained Pictogram, arrow down Pictogram, arrow up Pictogram, arrow right Pictogram, arrow left UL8/M/3F LUM/DOWN LUM/UP LUM/RIGHT LUM/LEFT UL8/NM/3F
LUM/RIGHT
LUM/LEFT
by Honeywell
Cost effective lighting solution for interior applications Suitable for mounting on emergency escape routes as defined by BS 5266 Maintained/non-maintained versions Single-sided low profile unit with pictogram accessible from bottom entry Integral threshold downlighter Robust construction for simple surface-mounted installation Range of self-adhesive pictogram options
OrDEr CODES
Rectangular 8W Exit Sign, IP20, Non-maintained Rectangular 8W Exit Sign, IP20, Maintained Pictogram for Rectangular Exit Sign, arrow down arrow up Pictogram for Rectangular Exit Sign, arrow right EXIT/RIGHT EXIT/LEFT Pictogram for Rectangular Exit Sign, arrow left EXIT/DOWN EXIT/UP Pictogram for Rectangular Exit Sign, XLS8/M/3F XLS8/NM/3F
EXIT/UP
Pictogram arrow up
EXIT/RIGHT
EXIT/LEFT
Suitable for interior applications Cost-effective solution for large open areas with undefined escape routes Non-maintained Ideal for illuminating areas which could become dangerous if mains power fails Stylish design features adjustable lamps with polycarbonate lenses Snap-fit construction Simple to install Maintenance-free batteries A high intensity LED on the unit front indicates healthy supply Independent lamp tests give indications of both left and right lamp integrity 18w Twinlight
TECHNICaL SpECIFICaTION Mode Emergency Duration Emergency Lamp O/P Construction Dimensions H x L x D Weight Cable Entry Supply Voltage Power Consumption Recharge Period Battery Light Source Monitor Operating Temperature IP Rating Warranty Certification mODE Self contained Non-maintained 3 hours 2 x 280 lumens Rectangular mild steel housing with PC lamp head 340 x 315 x 115 7000g 20mm knockouts in left, right, top and rear 230/240V 50/60Hz 28.0VA 24 hours 2 x sealed lead acid 12V 7.2Ah G4 12V 20 watt 3200K Halogen lamp 3 Green LED monitoring batteries and lamp connection 0C to +30C N/A 1 Year CE EN 60598-2-22 LIST NumBEr SURTWIN/NM DESCrIpTION 8 watt non-maintained
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OrDEr CODES
Twinlight, 2 x 18W, SURTWIN/NM 3-hour, IP20, Non-maintained
Photometric Data
maXImum pErmITTED SpaCING TO aCHIEvE 0.2 LuX (IN mETrES) HEIGHT (m) 2.5 4 6 8 10 HEIGHT (m) 2.5 4 6 8 10
HEIGHT (m)
by Honeywell
aXIaL TO waLL 3.5 3.3 2.5 TraNSvErSE TO waLL 5.3 5.7 4.3 aXIaL TO waLL
SurTwIN TwINSpOT
3.2 3.1 1.8 TraNSvErSE TO waLL 5.1 5.3 3.3 TwINSpOT TO waLL 10.4 10.6 11.6 13.8
aXIaL TO aXIaL 9.0 9.8 9.3 7.8 TraNSvErSE TO TraNSvErSE 13.7 15.7 15.9 13.9 aXIaL TO aXIaL 9.0 9.2 8.7 6.5 TraNSvErSE TO TraNSvErSE 13.0 14.4 14.8 10.8 TwINSpOT TO TwINSpOT 25.2 26.6 28.6 25.8
maXImum pErmITTED SpaCING TO aCHIEvE 0.2 LuX (IN mETrES) HEIGHT (m) 2.5 4 6 8 10 HEIGHT (m) 2.5 4 6 8 10
HEIGHT (m)
SurTwIN TwINSpOT
1.1 TraNSvErSE TO waLL 1.7 TwINSpOT TO waLL 5.2 5.0 4.4 3.2
aXIaL TO aXIaL 4.3 2.9 TraNSvErSE TO TraNSvErSE 7.4 4.8 aXIaL TO aXIaL 3.9 1.4 TraNSvErSE TO TraNSvErSE 6.8 3.2 TwINSpOT TO TwINSpOT 13.3 12.4 11.2 8.1
Photometric Data
ILLumINaNCE pErpENDICuLar TO BEam (LuX) 10m 20m 90 DEGrEES 2.89 1.87 0.35 0.25 0.23 0.23 0.12 0 DEGrEES 0.72 1.58 0.31 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.03 90 DEGrEES 0.72 0.47 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.03 0 DEGrEES 0 degrees 10 degrees 2.89 6.31 1.25 0.24 0.18 0.16 0.11
SURTWIN/NM
(data for single lamp) 12V 18W filament lamp Lamp Output (1m):264
LumINaIrE uTILISaTION FaCTOr DaTa (SELF-CONTaINED LumINaIrES aT zErO rEFLECTaNCE) rOOm INDEX (rI) 0.75 CA8 UL8 1.00 0.25 0.29 1.25 0.28 0.33 1.50 0.31 0.37 2.00 0.37 0.44 2.50 0.40 0.48 3.00 0.43 0.52 4.00 0.47 0.56 5.00 0.50 0.59
Note: All photometric data has been compiled in accordance with BS 5225: Part 3 (Method of Photometric measurement of battery-operated emergency lighting luminaires).
ESCapE rOuTE SpaCING uSING SELF CONTaINED LumINaIrES All figures are verified by the British Standards Institute and registered by ICEL. Ceiling Mounting Height (m) Optilite / Stormlite Non-Maintained Optilite / Stormlite Maintained 2.5 4 6 2.5 4 6 mIN. - 1.0 LuX SpECIFIED pOINTS OF EmpHaSIS & NOrmaL rISKS Transverse to Wall (m) 1.3 1.1 mIN. - 0.2 LuX pErmaNENTLy uNOBSTruCTED rOuTES ONLy
Transverse to Transverse to Transverse to Axial to Axial Axial to Wall Transverse to Transverse to Axial to Axial Axial to Wall Transverse Transverse Axial (m) (m) (m) Wall (m) Axial (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) 4.7 2.8 4.0 1.5 4.4 2.6 3.9 1.1 4.0 2.3 3.7 0.8 1.2 0.9 4.5 3.7 2.5 4.1 3.2 1.8 12.4 12.7 10.0 11.6 11.6 8.7 10.0 10.8 9.4 9.4 10.0 8.4 7.6 8.8 8.9 7.2 8.3 8.0 3.0 3.2 2.2 2.9 2.9 1.4
Note: Spacing data includes a maintenance factor of 0.8 and a maintained lamp derating factor of 0.85 as defined by BSI and ICEL.