Scurvy It is a disease caused by the deficiency of vitamin C or ascorbic acid.

The symptoms are bleeding gums, loosening of teeth, swollen and painful joints, bleeding in tissues and general fatigue (tiredness). Vitamin C is destroyed on heating.

Rickets It is a disease caused by the deficiency of vitamin D, calcium and phosphorus. Calcium and phosphorus form the bones and teeth. However, absorption of these minerals can take place only in the presence of vitamin D. Vitamin D or calciferol is formed by the body in the presence of sunlight.

Ariboflavinosis This disease results due to lack of riboflavin or vitamin B2. Its symptoms are lesions at the corner of the mouth, inflammation of the tongue and mouth.

Photophobia It is also caused due to the deficiency of vitamin B2 and results in the eye being sensitive to bright sunlight.

Vitamin A Vitamin A deficiency causes dryness of skin and eyes, eventually leading to night blindness; slows down growth; deformation of bones and teeth may also result. Vitamin B Vitamin B1 deficiency causes beri-beri. Deficiency of Vitamin B2 causes chaps on the skin around the eyes, nose and mouth. The deficiency of niacin is responsible for pellagra and deterioration of nerves. Insufficient intake of Vitamin B6 results in anemia and skin diseases. Metabolic reactions are disrupted by a lack of pantothenic acid. The symptoms of deficiency of biotin or folcin resemble those caused by a lack of pantothenic acid. Deficiency of Vitamin B12 slows down growth and induces pernicious anemia. Vitamin C Lack of Vitamin C causes scurvy, diseased conditions of teeth and gums, internal hemorrhage, osteoporesis, loss of weight, and in some cases, even sterility. Vitamin D Osteoporesis is caused by deficiency of Vitamin D. This leads to rickets in children. Vitamin E Lack of Vitamin E may cause sterility. Vitamin K If there is a deficiency of Vitamin K, prothrombin cannot be synthesized by the body. As a result, blood fails to clot, and even minor cuts result in copious bleeding.
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Calcium Lack of calcium weakens bones and teeth, and causes osteoporesis. Phosphorus Lack of phosphorus causes weakening of the bones and teeth, and loss of weight. Potassium The deficiency of potassium may cause weakness of the muscles, even paralysis. It may also cause brittleness of the bones, sterility and heart ailments. Sulphur Some metabolic processes in the body are hindered by a deficiency of sulphur.

Iodine Lack of iodine impairs the function of the thyroid gland, resulting in goiter. Magnesium Bones, teeth and muscles weaken due to the deficiency of magnesium. Insufficient supply of magnesium may even give rise to heart ailments. Chlorine Bones weaken and joints stiffen if there is a deficiency of chlorine. Sodium Lack of sodium can cause headache, nausea, slower development of the body, and disorders of the muscles. Iron Anemia is the principal symptom of iron deficiency.