Genc MYFTIU PRACTICAL ALBANIAN LANGUAGE for ENGLISH SPEAKING PEOPLE SKA PROBLEM!

(NO PROBLEM) FIRST STEP 12 ELEMENTARY GUIDES 22 DIFFERENT SITUATION GRAMMAR

Genc MYFTIU PRACTICAL ALBANIAN LANGUAGE for ENGLISH SPEAKING PEOPLE SKA PROBLEM! (NO PROBLEM) FIRST STEP 12 ELEMENTARY GUIDES 22 DIFFERENT SITUATION GRAMMAR THIS METHODOLOGY TO LEARN ALBANIAN LANGUAGE IS DEDICATED TO: MY FRIEND S.R.WILSON AND JERSEY TEAM OF HUMANITARIAN AID TO ALBANIA DECEMBER 1992 (CHRISTMAS TIME) 5. 07. 1993 INTRODUCTION This book is a GUIDE to all English speakers who enter Albanian on bussiness or touristic purposes. The author gathered the most common words and phrases which enable one to understand and speak Albanian language at e low accuracy in a short time term of learning. This book, being so brief and not too much grammatical, will serve as a helpfull guide even to them who want to speak through pocket books. I am open and pleased to receive any remark or suggestion on this first book of this kind ever published for foreigners to learn Albanian Language. CONTENT

Introduction Important Remarks Part One First Step Twelve Elementary Guides Part Two Twenty Two Different Situations 1.Who are you. -2.Taxi. -3.In the bar. -4.Fast Food. -5.In the hotel. -6.Customs Agency. 7.Comments. -8.Introduce. -9.The Numbers. -10.How old are you? -11.What is the date today? -12.What time is it? -13.What is the weather like today? -14.Grtings. -15.Curses. 16.Phone conversation. -17.In the aeroport. -18.Shopping&Trade. -19.Proverbs and old sayings. -20.One day. -21.To write a letter. -22.To write a telegramm. Part Three Grammar IMPORTANT REMARKS I. ALPHABET The Albanian language is spoken through the progressive pronounciation of the in-line consonants and vowels. So if you know the alphabet and the stress of the word you can read albanian language. Albanian phonetic symbols are mostly the same with international phonetic symbols. But there are some specifications. Below you could s enlisted 36 Albanian letters (7 vowels and 29 consonants) and the specifications of their correct pronounciation. Alphabet A B C D DH E a b c d dh e a b ts t d e or Pronounciation arr as in fatality burr as in but cuc as in Tsar adr as in chair dua as in do dhmb as in they emr as in end t as in a (indefinite)

F G GJ H I J K L LL M N NJ O P Q R RR S SH T Th U V X Y Z Zh

f g gj h i j k l ll m n nj o p q r rr s sh t th u v x y z zh

f g d h i j k l ll m n n+j o p t r rr s t u v dz y z

form as in form gur as in go gjall as in pigeon ha as in hot ilir as in indian jam as in yet kam as in kp lule as in Linda pull as in full marr as in man nesr as in not nj as in onion po as in Ford pak as in past qaj as in righteous re as in present rrjet as in horrible sot as in simple shishe as in ship tak as in task thua as in thin lug as in food vit as in victory xham as in job tyt as in french tu (etudiant) zan as in zone zhurm as in jour french

SPECIAL CASES 1.GJ gj = dz the scientific symbol og Gj is ..... But it is not so strong as dz of the XH. However they are some albanians who in different words doesnt make the difference betwn GJ and XH. 2. LL ll = ll

It is a strong l like in full. In english in many cases it depends on the person to say: l or ll but in albanian they are different symbols. 3. NJ nj = nj the scientific pronouncation symbol of nj is: It can be uttered by adding n+j at the same time (i.e.: j after n). This phonetic symbol is so common to russian language. It gives to the word a soft sound. 4. Q q=t the scientific pronouncation symbol of Q is .... But it is indd a little bit stronger than . All foreigners fail to pronounce q correctly. It is an originality of Albanian language used to check somebody if he is born in Albania or not. So it is no other way but to utter it as . 5. RR 6. X rr = rr = r+r x = ds (approx.) or (z+ts) approx It is indeed a strong r. the scientific symbol of x is ds. This symbol has a metallic sound. It is used too much in Chinese language. In Albanian language in many cases it is not a big mistake to use z instead of x. X is not encountered too much in albanian words. 7. COMPOUND SYMBOLS dh, gj, ll, nj, rr, sh, th, xh, zh Never forget when you will encounter this compound symbols to pronounce (utter) them as compound ones. By our experience all foreigners forget it. II. STRESS In the written albanian language you dont encounter stress and stress marks over words and symbols. But the stress exists in albanian words and for somebody i.e. for them (foreigners) who want to pronounce a word as good as possible we have to put the stress of the word. Every multisyllable word has the stressed syllable which you are to pronounce stronger than the other syllables. For example: 1. Buk (bread) we must say: buk The stressed part (syllable) of the word in bu. The vowel is weak in the word buk. 2. gomar (donkey) we must say: gomar The stessed part (syllable) is ma.

III. CONCLUSIONS As we have explained through the above examples we made clear how the albanian alphabet is pronounced and how the stress and the stress marks shall be used. We will not explain in the pages to come the above mentioned. For example: Puthm e dashur. Kiss me darling. In international symbols the albanian version for kiss me darling is read: pum e daur We are not to use international pronouncation symbols any more in the next pages. The way we will introduce our teaching will be as follows: albanian Un e vler soj punn tuaj english I appriciate your work. So the alphabet need to be learned attentively. We will do our best to put the equivalent english word below the albanian word (or vice versa) that has the same meaning but you know that most of the time it is impossible. However a vocabulary situated in the end of every page will show you the meaning of all the words encountered in that page. This is one of the bases of our methodology that enables fast learning. YOU must be again awared also that in the written albanian language no stress mark is used but we are to put stress mark in our teaching here in order to help you say it right. `PJESA E PARE - FILLE`STARE PERT ONE - ELEMENTARY Part One consists of First Step and Twelve Elementary Guides through which are presented words, sentences and phrases more often used in Albanian Language. FIRST STEP `HAPI I `PARE ENGLISH word ALBANIAN ky; kjo `sht a`i; a`jo `sht this is a man ky `sht nj `burr that is a girl a`jo `sht nj vajz above word below kta; kto `jan a`ta; a`to `jan

it is a dog ai `sht nj qen these are students k`to jan stu`dent those are shops a`ta `jan dy`qane un jam ti je a`i; a`jo `sht I am a boy `un jam nj `djal you are a driver ti je nj sho`fer he is a doctor a`i `sht nj dok`tor she is a teacher a`jo `sht nj m`suese it is a horse a `i `sht nj kal we are friends ne `jemi shok you are policmen ju `jeni po`lic they are workers a`to `jan puntor WHAT? - `FAR? ky, kjo - this ai, ajo - that ai, ajo - it albanian pyetje albanian prgjigje english english question aswer QUESTION kta, kto - these ata, ato - those ata, ato - they ne `jemi ju `jeni a`ta; a`to `jan

`far `sht ky?

ky `sht nj `libr what is this? this is a book `far `sht a`jo? a `jo `sht nj hart what is that? thai is a map `far `sht a`i? a `sht nj mi what is it? is is a mouse `far `jan k`to? k`to `jan `pula what are these? these are hens `far `jan a`to? a`to `jan `lop what are those? those are cows `far jan a`ta? ata jan shtpi what are they they are houses `un ti a`i a`jo I you he she ne ju

ANSWER

we you they

a`ta, a`to

`far jam `un? `un jam nj m`sues what am I? I am a teacher `far je ti? ti je nj n`xns what are you?

albanian albanian english english pyetje prgjigje question

you are a pupil `far `sht a`i? a`i `sht nj djal what is he? he is a boy `far `sht a`jo? a`jo `sht nj guzhini`ere what is she? she is a cook `far `sht a`i a`i `sht nj ho`tel what is it? it is a hotel `far `jemi ne? ne `jemi inxhin`ier what are we? we are enginrs `far `jeni ju? ju `jeni sho`fer what are you? you are drivers `far `jan a`ta? a`ta `jan mari`nar what are they? they are sailors WHERE? - KU? n - in english albanian where is the egg? ku `sht `veza? the egg is in the egg-cup?

answer

veza `sht n `kupn e `vezs where is the boy? ku `sht djali?

the boy in in the bed `djali `sht n krevat n - on where is the ship? ku `sht a`nija? the ship is on the sea a`nija `sht n det nn - under where is the cat? ku `sht `macja? the cat is under the table. `macja `sht nn tavolin nuk - not He is a driver A`i `sht nj shofer He is not a driver A`i nuk `sht shofer I am a worker `Un jam nj puntor. I am not a worker `Un nuk jam nj puntor. ose - or I want pepsi or beer `Un `dua `pepsi `ose birr tjetr - other; next the other boy is my brother `djali `tjetr `sht vllai im. next year I will be there `vitin `tjetr `un do t jem a`tje

TWELVE ELEMENTARY GUIDES DYMBDHJET `UDHZUESIT THEME`LOR 1.THE PARTS OF THE BODY `PJESET E `TRUPIT 1. Head skull hair eye ear cheek nose mouth jaw chin lips neck throat `Koka `kafk `flok sy vesh `faqe `hund `goj `nofull `mjekr `buz `qaf fyt english-albanian

forehead `ball eyebrow `vetull

2. Trunk Trung shoulder sh`patull chest breast nipple armpit belly waist 3. Arm elbow wrist finger palm fist thumb kraha`ror gjoks `kokrr e cics s`qetull bark bel krah brryl ky `dore gisht shu`plak `dore grusht thua

forearm para`krah

4. Leg and Foot `Kmba dhe `Shputa e `kmbs buttocks `byth thigh kn ankle hl toe 5. Others liver lungs heart kidney blood skin bone mli mushk`ri `zemr `veshka gjak l`kur `kock `kofsh `gjuri ky `kmbe `thembr gisht `kmbe

stomach sto`mak

2. FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS MARR`DHNIET FAMIL`JARE mother father son daughter child children wife man husband grandfather grandmother niece neveu `nn ba`ba bir `vajz f`mij f`mijt grua `burr `bashk`short gjysh `gjyshe m`bes nip

mother in law father in law son in law daughter in law bride uncle aunt engaged married bachelor widow death

`vjerra `vjerri `dhndrr `nuse `nuse `xhaxha `teze i fe`juar i mar`tuar be`qar i ve v`dekje

3. POSITION & DIRECTION POZI`CIONI DHE DREJ`TIMI forward backward up down left right east west north south road strt way crossing mountain hill forest field sea river pr`para `prapa lart `posht `majtas `djathtas `lindje pern`dim ve`ri jug `rrug `rrug e `madhe (udh) `udh, `rrug, m`nyr kryq`zim mal kodr pyll `fush det `lum

stream sky earth sun moon air 4. MATERIALS MA`TERI`ALE stl wood paper stone gravel cement brick petrol water steam coal limestone sht stl iron bar glass copper gold silver 5. CLOTHES `RROBA shirt skirt jacket coat trousers

p`rrua qiell `tok `diell `hna `ajr

e`lik dru `letr gur zha`vor i`mento `tull `naft `uj `avull qy`myr gl`qere llama`rin `shufr `hekuri xham `bakr ar ar`gjnd

k`mish fund xha`ket `pallto panta`llona

suit shoes boots 6. THE HOURSE SHT`PIA room kitchen bathroom study ceiling floor wall stairs chair table armchair hall window door ashtray bed curtain 7. THE SCHOOL SH`KOLLA classroom blackboard chalk bench teacher pupil behaviour silence book

kos`tum k`puc `izme

`dhom ku`zhin `banjo s`tudio, `dhom `pune ta`van dyshe`me mur sh`kall ka`rrige tavo`lin koll`tuk kori`dor dri`tare `der `tavll du`hani kre`vat `perde

k`las d`rras e `zez sh`kums `bank m`sues n`xns `sjellje `qetsi `libr

exercise book note book pen pencil ink inkpot paper bag page 8. INSTITUTIONS `INSTITUCI`ONET state governement ministry minister prime minister vice minister municipality mayor district city town village house of parliament director dependant kindergarden school university enterprise farm institute company

fle`tore bllok sh `nimesh `pen laps `boj `shishe boje `letr `ant `faqe

shtet qeve`ri minis`tri mi`nistr kryemi`nistr zv/mi`nistr bash`ki krye`tar bashkie ra`jon qy`tet qy`tez fshat parla`ment drej`tor `varts `kopsht `shkoll `universi`tet ndr`marrje `ferm `insti`tut `firm, `kompa`ni

9. THE WORK `PUNA boss owner office order duty account worker bill wage salary shift fine in time late factory busy employed unemployed bussiness affair agrment contract spare part 10. FOOD USH`QIM bread water oil sugar salt milk jogurt `buk `uj vaj she`qer `krip `qumsht kos bos, pro`nar pro`nar `zyr `urdhr de`tyr lloga`ri pun`tor fa`tur `pag, rrog pa`ges turn `gjob n `koh `von fa`brik i `zn me `pun i pun`suar i `papun`suar biz`nes pun, afa`rizm marr`veshje kon`trat `pjes km`bimi

chse meat fish mutton veal chicken egg onions fat butter tomatos patateous cabbage apple orange plume peach apricot 11. FOOTBALL FUT`BOLL stadium field soccer ball goal goal area penalty area goal line penalty spot halfway line referre guard line goalkper defender

`djath mish peshk mish `dashi vi, mish `vii zog `pule `vez `qep `dhjam `gjalp do`mate pa`tate `lakra `moll porto`kall `kumbull `pjeshk kaj`si

sta`dium `fush `loja e fut`bollit top `port `zona `ports `zona e `rreptsis `vij fun`dore `pika e penall`tis `vij e `mesit t `fushs al`bitr an`sori port`jer m`brojts

back midflielder striker forward 12. PHRASES SHP`REHJE english albanian Please Ju `lutem I am sorry M vjen keq. Not at all S`ka pr`se. If it is possible N se ka mun`si. O.K. N rregull. A lot of to do `Shum pr t br. Don`t mention it. Mos e pr`mendni. Wonderful! Mreku`lli! albanian english shkl`qyeshm exellent n`doshta Perhaps n `rregull all Right

m`brojts `mesfu`shor sul`mues sul`mues

Thank You Falemi`nderit It is up to you `Varet nga ju. NO PROBLEM S`KA PRO`BLEM YES NO PO JO All right N `rregull So far... `Deri k`tu By the way Meq ra `fjala Oh my God! O Zot!

pa dy`shim without doubt sinqe`risht sincerely

da`kord O.K. sido`qoft however me`gjitha`t though sep`se because me`qense since naty`risht certainly sigu`risht of course `PJESA E `DYT PART TWO

ju `lutem please s`ka pr`se no at all `bukur fort pretty well nj `qind pr qind one hundred per cent nuk i `dihet the lord knows nj zot e di the god knows `mundet it could be

NJ`ZET E DY SITUTA T N`DRYSHME TWENTY TWO DIFFERENT SITUATIONS 1. KUSH `JENI JU? WHO ARE YOU? Kush `jeni ju? Who are you? Un jam `Gjergji I am George ALBANIAN ENGLISH

Si `quhemi? What`s your name? mri im `sht `Gjergj `Kola My name is George Kola. Ku ba`noni? Where do you live? Jo larg nga k`tu. Not far from here. Je`toj n fshat I live in the country. `Un ba`noj n qy`tet. I live in the town. Ku pu`noni? Where do you work? Un pu`noj n u`zinn meka`nike. I work in the mechanical plant. `far `profesi`oni `keni? What is your profession? Vocabolary Ku banoni jo far keni fshat -where -you live -no, not -what -you have -country, village

mekanike -mechanical

profesion -profession

2.TA`KSI TAXI Tungja`tjeta, ku po `shkoni? Hullo, where are you going? Tek ho`tel `Dajti. To Dajti Hotel. A `jeni i `vetm? Are you alone? Po n jam `vetm. Yes I am alone. A`rritm zot`ri We just arrived, sir. M o tek `banka. Drive me to bank. Vocabolary tungjatjeta vetm po shkoni tek hotel arritm zotri o me banka M o n shtpi. -hullo -alone -are going -to -hotel -arrive -sir -send -me -bank

Drive me home. Ju `keni ve`tur t `mir. You have a good car. Mos i `jepni (ve`turs) kaq shpejt. Don`t drive too quick! `Jemi ta`mam n `koh. We are just in time. Sa t bn haku? (pa`gesa)? How much to pay? `Dhjet do`llar Ten dollars. Falemi`nderit, dy do`llar pr ju. Thank you, two dollars for you. Vocabulary m dhjet shpejt -me -ten -quick

3. N BAR (KLUB) -IN THE BAR A ta `pim nj `kafe? Are you for a cof? Da`kord, e `pijm. OK, lets have it. Dsh`roni `ndonj `pije? Would you like any drink?

`Vetm nj ra`ki, po ju? Only one rakia, and you? `Un do marr nj pepsi. I will have a pepsi. Ta`ni `sht `radha ime, Pa`guaj `un. Now its my turn, I will pay. Vocabolary pim nj kafe dakord do t tani radha dshroni A t`a ndonj pije vetm raki marr A t`a ime -we drink -one -coff -OK -will -now -turn -would you like -are you for...? -any -drink -only -rakia -take -Do you? -my

4. USH`QIM I SH`PEJT FAST FOOD `Un jam i u`ritur. I am hungry. Le t `marrin nj sandu`i. Lets have a sandwich.

`far dsh`roni? What do you want? Nj sandu`i dhe aj. Une sandwich and tea. `Un prefe`roj Ham`burger. I prefer Hambourger. K`tu `sht `mir dhe `lir. Here its good and cheap. Vocabolary i uritur le t marrim dhe aj preferoj ktu lir sht jam nj far un mir 5. N HO`TEL IN THE HOTEL Ne `jemi du`ke kr`kuar nj ho`tel. We are searching a hotel. `Dua nj `dhom `dyshe. -hungry - let us -we take -and -tea -prefer -here cheap -is -am -one -what -I -good, OK

We want a double room. Ju `duhet t `lini para`portn. You must leave your passport. Sa `sht `mimi pr `dhom `teke? Whats the price of a single room? Dy`zet do`llar pr nj `dhom `teke. 40 dollars for a single room. Vocabolary ne jemi dua dhom teke duam dyshe duke krkuar duhet t lini mimi dyzet pr sa sht 6. DOGANA CUSTOMS AGENCY Doku`mentat `tuaja ju `lutem. Your documents, please. Ja t `gjitha `far kam. -we -are -I want -room -single -we want -double -searching -must -to leave -price -forty -for -how many -is

That`s all what I have. `far ka `brenda ba`gazhit `tuaj? What is inside your lugagge? `Libra dhe `rroba. Books and clothes. Ndo`nj gj tjetr? Anything else? Pasaporta `jote s`sht n rregull. Your passport is not right. Vocabulary dokumentat bagazh tuaja ja kam t gjitha ka n rregull libra rroba jot nuk brenda -documents -lugagge -yours -look here -I have -all -has (it) -all right -books -clothes -your -not -inside

7. KO`MENTE (V`LERSIME) COMMENTS (EVALUATIONS) `sht e rnd`sishme. It is important n jam da`kord me ju.

I agrre with you. Ju kup`toj ju `shum `mir. I understand you very well. Nuk `sht aq e `leht. It is not so easy. `Un ngul `kmb tek e `imja. I stick to my opinion. N`qoftse ju intere`son. If you are interested. Vocabulary shum mir e leht shkop nqoftse shpesh e rndsishme ju intereson kuptoj aq ngul kmb tek e imja Me aq sa di `un. As much as I know. N lidhje me t `dhnat q `kemi. According to the data we have. -very -well -easy -stick -if -often -important -you are intrested -I understand -so -nail -foot -to -mine

Nuk `sht e prsh`tatshme. It is not convenient. `sht e `rnd t `thuhet por... It is hard to say but... `Bota `sht `kunder nesh. The world is against us. `Un s`e aj `kokn pr botn. I dont mind the world. Vocabulary me aq di kundr q me aq sa e prshtatshme n lidhje me -with -that much -I know -against -that (conj) -as much as -convinient -according to

Un s`e aj kokn -I don`t mind

M jep ar`sye t `bindem. Give me the reason to obey. Por ne `kemi ne`voj. But we are i n nd. Nuk mund t shkosh `kundr `ligjit. You cant go against the law. Por ky nuk sht ligj. But this is not a law.

Kush kuj`ton se je. Who do you think you are. `Mua m `duket se... It sms to me that... `Dua nj i `cili t m kup`toj. I want one who can understand me. Vocabulary m jep arsye t bindem nevoj nuk mund ligjit mua m duket dua i cili por nj kujton `Jeni nje`ri me fat. You are a lucky man. A`i `sht i `pasur. He is rich. A`jo `sht e varfr por kre`nare She is poor but proud. A`i nuk mund t `blihet. He can`t be bought. -give me -reason -to obey -nd -cant -law me -sm -I want -who -but -one -remember (here: pretend, think)

`Vetm `njri nuk mund t `blihet. Only one can`t be bought. Por a`i ka `vdekur. But he is dead. Dhe ne `jemi a`koma `gjall. And we are still alive. Vocabolary njeri me fat blihet i pasur ajo e varfr -man -lucky -be bought -rich -she -poor

krendare -proud nuk mund -can`t vetm njri ka akoma gjall ne jemi dhe -only -one -have -still -alive -we are -and

ka vdekur -has died

A`i `sht faj`tori He is to blame. Jo, shoq`ria ka faj. No, the society is to blame. Po, por nganj`her rre`thanat. Yes, but sometimes the circumstances.

`Un jap `fjaln `time. I give my word. `Un ju be`soj `juve. I believe you. A`i `sht nj nje`ri i be`suar. He is a trust person. Por ne `duhet t `kemi `kujdes. But we must take care. Vocabolary fajtori faj jap time t kemi ra duhet juve fjaln besoj kujdes N fi`llim In the beginning -guilty -guilt -give -my -take (care) -fall -must -you -the word -I believe -care N fund In the end. shoqria -the society

i besuar -trust

Mos ha`rro se `t `thash. Mind what I told you. Pr sa `koh do t rroj.

As long as I live. Mos gu`xo t`a bsh a`t. Don`t dare do that. Ti nuk ke ku`rajo. You have not the courage. A`i `sht buda`lla. He is a fool. Vocabulary fillim fund mos harro se `t thash pr sa rroj guxo a`te ti nuk ke kurajo budalla ai sht -beginning -end -don`t -forget -what -told, said -for -that much -live -dare -that -you -you haven`t -courage -fool -he -is

t`a bsh -to do

Ju `jeni i `marr. You are silly. `Budalla`llk.

Nonsense. E le`zetshme! That`s amazing! `sht e mreku`llueshme. It is wonderful. Si tju pl`qej. As you like it. M pl`qen `shum t no`toj. I am kn on swimming. Un e u`rrej bi`xhozin. I hate gumbling. Nuk mund t mos ju `dua. I can`t hepl loving you. Vocabulary i marr si plqej m plqen shum t notoj urrej bixhoz ju dua nuk mund te mos -silly -as, like -like -I like -very much -to swim -I hate -gumbling -I love you -I can`t -not to

Ja `dua t them. That`s what I mean.

E kam serio`zisht. I am in earnest. Ti po g`njen. You are lying. `Mbaje prem`timin. Keep your promise. Ky `sht propo`zimi im. That`s my proposal. Le t bjm nj marr`veshje. Let`s make a deal. `sht e pa`mundur. It is impossible. Vocabulary ja `dua e kam mbaje po gnjen seriozisht e pamundur marrveshje premtim propozim le t bjm -that`s -what I want -I have it -kp -you are lying -in earnest -impossible -agrment -the promise -proposal -let`s -we do

`sht e `leht t`a bsh a`t. It is easy to do that.

`Un jam da`kord me ju. I agree with you. Le t sh`kojm s `bashku. Let`s go together. Ne `duhet t punojm s `bashku. We must work together. Kjo `jet `sht e v`shtir. This life is hard. Mos fol m, mjaf`ton. Don`t talk any more, it`s enough. Ai do m `shum. He wants more. Vocabulary e leht t`a bsh at dakord me ju shkojm le t s bashku ai do duhet t punojm jet e vshtir mos fol -easy -to do -that, it -OK -with you -we go -let`s -together -he wants -must -to work -life -hard -don`t -speak

m (shum)

-more

`far don t thuash? What do you mean? `Dua t them, ti ke t `drejt. I mean, you are right. Ti e ke ga`bim. You are wrong. Ju `dini gjith`ka. You know everything. Ju nuk `dini as`gj. You know nothing. Ja tek `jemi m n fund. Here we are at last. Ta`ni `un di se `far t bj. Now I know what to do. Vocabulary don dua t them ti ke dini asgj ja tek jemi m n fund gjithka t drejt t bj -you want -I want -to say -you have -you know -nothing (wrong) -here we are -at least -everything -right -to do

tani se (conj.) gabim 9. PREZAN`TIM

-now -that -mistake

INTRODUCE (oneself) `Un jam `Xhimi, ai `sht `Tomi. I am Jim, he is Tom. `Un ju prezan`toj `juve me z.Smith. I introduce you to Mr.Smith. Jam i g`zuar q po ju shoh z.Tom. I am glad to see you Mr.Tom. Knaq`sia `sht e `imja. The pleasure is mine. E kam `pritur ta`kimin me ju. Been looking forward meeting you. Ja tek jemi, prezan`tohuni `vet. Here we are, introduce yourselves. Vocabulary kam pritur juve ja tek jemi shoh e imja knaqsia prezantoj i gzuar vet takimin -looking forward -to you -here we are -I see -mine -pleasure -introduce -glad -yourselves -meeting

9. `NUMRAT THE NUMBERS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 200 300 -nj -dy -tre -`katr -`pes -`gjasht -`shtat -`tet -`nnt -`dhjet -njmb`dhjet -dy mb`dhjet -tre mb`dhjet -`katrmb`dhjet -`pesmb`dhjet -`gjashtmb`dhjet -`shtatmb`dhjet `tetmb`dhjet -`nntmb`dhjet -nj`zet -nj`zet e nj... -tri`dhjet -dy`zet -`pes`dhjet -`gjasht`dhjet -`shtat`dhjet -`tet`dhjet -`nnt`dhjet -nj`qind -dy`qind -tre`qind...

1000 2000 2345 i `pari i `dyti i `treti

-nj`mij... -dy`mij... -dy`mij e tre`qind e dy`zet e `pes -first -second -third

ARITHMETICS 2+2=4 dy `edhe dy bjn `katr 7-5=2 sh`tat `heqim `pes `bjn dy 3 x 6 = 18 tre `her `gjasht `bjn `tetmb`dhjet 12 : 4 = 3 dymb`dhjet `pjestim pr `katr `bjn tre + `edhe (plus) x `her (shum`zim) = `bjn (bara`zim) 10. SA VJEC `JENI HOW OLD ARE YOU? `Un jam nj`zet vje. I am twenty years old. Ti je i ri. You are young. `Un jam `pes`dhjet vje. I am fifty years old. - `heqim (minus) : `pjes`tim

Ju `jeni m i `vjetr se `un. You are older than me. A`i `sht m i ri se sa a`jo. He is younger than she. `Un jam m i riu n fa`miljen `time. I am the youngest in my family. Vocabolary sa vje jeni i ri m i njzet i vjetr se un m i riu familje time -how many -years -are -young -more -20 -old -than me -the youngest -family -my

sesa ajo -than she

11. `FAR `DAT SHT SOT? WHAT IS THE DATE TODAY? Sot `sht e sh`tun. Today is Saturday. `Ditt e `javs `jan: The days of the wk are: Monday E `Hn Thirsday Tuesday E `Mart Friday Wednesday E Mr`kur Saturday

E `Enjte

E `Premte Sunday

E `Shtun E `Djel

`jav `muaj vit

-week -month -year

N nj vit ka `dymb`dhjet `muaj. There are 12 months in a year. January Ja`nar April Prill July Ko`rrik October Te`tor February Shkurt May Maj August Gusht November Nn`tor March Mars June Qer`shor September Shta`tor December Dhje`tor

`Un do t jem n Ita`li t `Hnn. I will be in Italy on Monday. Sot `sht e `mart, 15 ko`rrik. Today is Tuesday, fifteen on July. Dje `ishte e `hn. Yesterday was Monday. `Nesr do `t `jet e mr`kur. Tomorrow will be Wednesday. Ne do ta`kohemi `brenda nj `jave. We will meet in a weeks time.

`Un do ju shoh juve pas tre ditsh. I will see you after three days. Vocabulary dit u takuam takohemi pas do t jem t`ju shoh brenda nj jave -day -we met -we meet -after -I will be -to see you -in a weeks time

12. SA `SHT `ORA? WHAT TIME IS IT? `Ora `sht `pes It is five o`clock. `Ora `sht `nnt pa nj e`rek. It is a quarter to nine. `Ora `sht `dhjet e nj erek. It is a quarter past ten. `Ora `sht dy e `gjysm. It is half past two. `sht mes`dit It is midday `sht mes`nat. It is midnight. Vocabulary ora erek -o`clock -quarter `sht mn`gjes. It is morning. `sht m`brmbje It is evening.

e pa (minus) gjysm mesdit

-and, plus -without -half -midday

mesnat -midnight mngjes -morning mbrmje -evening 13. SI SHT `KOHA SOT? WHAT IS THE WEATHER LIKE TODAY? `sht `koh e `mir. It is fine. `sht me re. It`s cloudy Po fryn `er. It`s blowing. `sht nj `dit e `nxeht. Yesterday was a hot day. `Nesr do `jet `freskt, shpre`soj. Tomorrow it will be cool, I hope. Vocabulary si koha e mir re bie bor fryn dit me shi -like -weather -fine -cloud -fall -snow -blow -day -with rain Po `bie `bor It`s snowing. `sht `dit me shi. It`s rainy day.

e ftoht freskt er

-cold -cool -wind

e nxeht -hot shpresoj -hope do t jet -it will be 14. PRSHN`DETJE GREETINGS english albanian Hullo! Tungja`tjeta Good morning! `Mirmn`gjes! Good day! `Mir`dita! Good dinner! `Drekn e `mir. Good evening! `Mirm`brma! Good night! `Natn e `mir! Good appetite! Pa o`reks! Congratulations! Prg`zime! Good By! Miru`pafshim! Wellcome to you! `Mirse`vini! Good luck! Pa fat! So long! `Miru`pafshim! Farewell! `Lamtu`mir! God bless you! `Zoti ju be`koft! All the best! `Gjith t `mirat! Best wishes! U`rimet m t mira!

I wish you a happy life!

`Un ju u`roj ju `jet t `lumtur! A happy new year! G`zuar `vitin e ri! The same to you! T `njjtin u`rim pr `juve! Merry Christmas! G`zuar Krisht`lindjet! Happy Christmas! G`zuar Krisht`lindjet! Many happy returns of the day! Gzuar dit`lindjen! I wish you a long life! Ju u`roj `jet t `gjat! Long live! `Rroft! Cheers! (a toast while drinking) G`zuar! To your health! Pr sh`ndetin tuaj! I propose a toast for Hucky! Propo`zoj nj do`lli pr `Hakin. 15. `MALL `KIME CURSES albanian

english Ajo `sht buda`llaqe. She is crazy. Turp pr ju! Shame on you! Mall`kuar `qoft `dita kur `linde. Cursed be the day you were born! Mall`kuar a`i q e `bri k`t. Cursed be he who did this. Shkofsh n ferr! Go to hell! T `marrt `djalli! Go to the devil! Mall`kuar! Damnation! Bir `kurve! Son of a bitch! Qen bir `qeni! Dog, Son of the dog! 16. BI`SED TELEFO`NIKE PHONE CONVERSATION A`lo, me `cilin jam du`ke `folur? Hullo, who am I speaking to? Jam `un `zoti Xhon. Its me Mr.John. `Posht! Down with!

Si `jeni? How are you? `Shum `mir falemi`nderit. Very well, thank you. `Ndonj gj pr t`u pr`mendur? Anything to be mentioned? `Ndonj gj e re? Any news? Vocabulary alo me cilin zoti ndonj shum mir duke folur prmendur e re gj pr tu -hullo -to who -mister -any -very well -speaking -mentioned -new -thing -to be

As `gj intere`sante. Nothing interesting. Do tele`fonoj n se ka `ndonj t re. I will call if any news. M telefo`no t `lutem. Call me please. `Cili `sht `numri `juaj ta`ni? What is your number now?

`Shum t `fala ba`bait tnd. Best regards to your father. T `fala `Merit gjithash`tu. Regards to Mary too. Vocabulary asgj babait do (t) n se cili juaj tnd t lutem numri t fala telefonoj interesante gjithashtu -nothing -the father shall, will -if -which -your -your -please -number -regards -I call -interesting -too

17. N `AEROPORT IN THE AIRPORT Ku mund ta ri`konfir`moj bi`letn? Where can I check in the air ticket? `Cili a`vion `niset ta`ni? Which airplane is departing now? Su`is `ejri `niset pr dy mi`nuta. Swiss Air is parting in two minutes. A ka `ndonj vend pr Ita`li tani?

Any place vacant for Italy now? Kur `sht avi`oni `tjetr? When is the next fly? `Nesr n `dhjet t mn`gjezit. Tomorrow 10 a.m. Vocabolary konfirmoj biletn vend avion niset dy minuta tjetr kur -check in -the ticket -place -airplane -depart -two -minutes -next -when

18. PA`ZAR DHE `TREG`TI SHOPPING AND TRADE Sa kush`ton kjo? How much does this cost? `Pesmb`dhjet do`llar se`cila. 15 dollars each. Sa kush`ton a`jo `radio? What is the price of that radio? A`jo kush`ton `dhjet do`llar. That costs 10 dollars. `sht e sh`trenjt pr mua.

It is dear for me. Jo, `sht `lir n t vr`tet. No it is cheap indeed. Vocabulary sa kushton secila pr mua mimi lir n t vrtet e shtrenjt mimi sht -how much -cost -each -for me -proce -cheap -indeed -dear -the price is...

`Un nuk e ndry`shoj k`t mim. I can`t change this price. N se do m `lir shko `gjetk. If you want cheaper go elsewhere. Jep `mimin tnd. Give your price. `Pes do`llar `copa. 5 dollars one piece. N`doshta ju i `doni pa pa`ra. Maybe you want them free. `Merrem me `Treg`ti me shumice. I deal with Wholesale trade. `Kemi ush`qime dhe `rroba.

We have foodstaff and clothes. Me `far mo`nedh po `shisni? What currency are you selling with? Vocabulary nuk mund ndryshoj kt n se gjetk i doni m lir jep copa ndoshta pa para merrem -can`t -change -this -if -elsewhere -you want -cheaper -give -piece -perhaps -free -I deal

19.PRO`VERBA DHE `FJAL T `URTA PROVERBS AND OLD SAYINGS Nj dall`ndyshe nuk sjell `vern. One swallow doesnt bring spring. `Besa e shqip`tarit, pur`teka `arit. Albanian promise, like a gold bar. `Fjala ar`gjnd, `heshtja flo`ri. Words are silver, silence is gold. Mat sh`tat `her, prej nj `her. Measure ten times before cutting. I du`ruari, i fi`tuari.

The patient wins. Gnjesh`tari, g`njen `veten. The liar lies himself. Rrih `hekurin sa `sht n zjarr. Make the hay while the sun shines. Nuk `sht `kurr `von pr t m`suar. It is never late to learn. M `mir `von se `kurr. Better late than never. 20. NJ `DIT ONE DAY `Un `ohem n `gjasht. I get up at six. `Un laj fy`tyrn dhe `dhmbet. I wash my face and brush my teeth. A`jo shkon n `banjo. She goes to toilet. A `keni n`grn mn`gjez? Have you had breakfast. Ai pin `vetm `kafe. He drinks only cofee. `Un shkoj n `pun n shtat. Then I go to work at seven.

`Punoj sh`tat `or n `dit. I work 7 hours a day. Ha `drek n `orn dy. I have lunch at 14. Pas`taj (`un) bj dy `or pu`shim. Then I have two hours of rest. `Tani `sht `ora `pes mbas`dite. It`s five p.m. now. `far t bj? What shall I do? Do shkoj t ta`koj nj `shokun tim. I`ll go and see a friend of mine. M `mir t dal nj sh`titje. Better have a walk. `Darka `sht n `orn `nnt. The dinner is at nine o`clock. `Un prefe`roj nj `dark t `leht. I prefer a light supper. `Vetm kos pr `dark. Only jogurt for supper. Pas `darke `un shoh televi`zor... After supper I look on TV set. Prefe`roj m `shum sportin se filmin. I prefer sport to film.

`sht 11 e `nats, jam i lodhur. It`s eleven at night, i`m tired. Nj `dit , sa `koh e sh`kurtr. One day, such a short time! 21. T SH`KRUASH NJ `LETR TO WRITE A LETTER Albanian I Dashur Gzim, M ka marr malli shum pr ty. Mezi pres ditn kur do t kthehesh. Kujtoj do ast q kemi kaluar bashk. Nuk jetohet kshtu. Duke menduar do ast pr ty. Kthehu sa m shpejt! Dhe nuk ke pr t ikur kurr m. T puth me mall. Flora English Gzim, Darling, I miss you too much. Looking forward the day you`ll be back. I recall every moment we paseed together. We can`t live like this. Thinking all the time to be with you. Come back soon! And you`ll never go away again. I kiss you. Flora 22. T SHKRUASH NJ TELE`GRAM TO WRITE A TELEGRAM albanian 1. Arrita mir. Jam n hotel. Nesr do shkoj t gjej shokt. Ju njoftoj n se ka ndonj t re. English 1. Good arrival. I am in the hotel. Tomorrow i`ll go to find my friends. Any news I`ll call you. albanian 2. Personin q m that nuk e gjeta. Kishte ikur n nj pun tjetr. Kishte ikur n nj pun tjetr. Po blej mallrat pr t cilat folm tek nj tregtar ifut. Kthehem t premten n dark. english 2. The person you adreesed me not found. He has got another job. I`m buying the goods we talk from e jew merchant. I`ll be back on Friday evening.

`PJESA E TRET PART THREE GRAMA`TIK GRAMMAR 1. ZGJE`DHIMI I `FOLJEVE THE CONJUGATION OF VERKS 1. KOHA E TASHME-PRESENT TENSE `FOLJA ME `QEN FOLJA ME PAS THE VERB TO BE THE VERB TO HAVE un jam ti je ai sht ajo sht ne jemi ju jeni ata jan un kam ti ke ai ka ajo ka ne kemi ju keni ata kan - I am - You are - he is - she is - we are - you are - they are - I have - you have - he has - she has - we have - you have - they have

The verb changes the ending or in some cases it changes completely. ME SHKUE - TO GO un shkoj ti shkon aii shkon ajo shkon ne shkojm ju shkoni ata shkojn - I go - you go - he goes - she goes - we go - you go - they go

ME PUNUE - TO WORK un punoj ti punon ai punon ajo punon ne punojme ju punoni ata punojn ME DHN - TO GIVE un jap ti jep ai jep ajo jep ne japim ju jepni ata japin 2. KOHA E SHKUAR - PAST TENSE 2.1. Koha e shkuar e thjesht Simple Past Tense ME QEN - TO BE un isha ti ishe ai ishte ajo ishte ne ishim ju ishit ata ishin - I was - you were - he was - she was - we were - you were - they were

ME PAS - TO HAVE un kisha ti kishe ai kishte - I had - you had - he had

ajo kishte ne kishim ju kishit ata kishin

- she had - we had - you had - they had M DHAN - TO GIVE un dhash (I gave) ti dhe ai dha ajo dha ne dham ju dhat ata dhan

ME PUNUE - TO WORK un punova (I worked) ti punove ai punoi ajo punoi ne punuam ju punuat ata punuan

2.2.1. Koha e Shkuar e Prbr - tipi 1 Compound Past Tense - type 1 Formation: to have + Past Participle ME QEN - TO BE un kam qen ti ke qen ai ka qen ajo ka qen ne kemi qen ju keni qen ata kan qen - I have been - you have been - he has been - she has been - we have been - you have been - they have been

2.2.2. Koha e shkuar e prbr - tipi 2 Compound Past Tense - type 2 Formation: had + Past Participle ME QEN -TO BE un kisha qen ti kishte qen ai kishte qen ajo kishte qen - I had been - you had been - he had been - she had been

ne kishim qen ju kishit qen ata kishin qen

- we had been - you had been - they had been

OTHER EXAMPLES ME SHKUE - TO GO Simple Past Tense un shkova ti shkove ai shkoi ajo shkoi ne shkuam ju shkuat ata shkuan - I went - you went - he went - she went - we went - you went - they went

Compound Past Tense - type 1 un kam shkuar ti ke shkuar ai ka shkuar ajo ka shkuar ne kemi shkuar ju keni shkuar ata kane shkuar - I have gone - you have gone - he has gone - she has gone - we have gone - you have gone - they have gone

Compound Past Tense type 2 un kisha shkuar - I had gone ti kishe shkuar ai kishte shkuar - you had gone - he had gone

ajo kishte shkuar - she had gone ne kishim shkuar - we had gone ju kishit shkuar - you had gone ata kishin shkuar - they had gone PASSIVE VERBS

Passive Verbs form their compound form of past tense with the special verb me qen (to be) for example: Present Tense un lahem ti lahesh ai lahet ajo lahet ne lahemi ju laheni ata lahen Simple Past tense Un u lava ti u lave ai u la ajo u la ne u lam ju u lat ata u lan -I bathed - you bathed - he bathed - she bathed - we bathed - you bathed - they bathed Note the use of u Compound Past Tense type 1 un jam lar ti je lar ai sht lar ajo sht lar ne jemi lar ju jeni lar ata jan lar un isha lar ti ishe lar ai ishte lar ajo ishte lar ne ishim lar I am bathed - you are bathed - he is bathed - she is bathed - we are bathed - you are bathed - they are bathed - I was bathed - you were bathed - he was bathed - she was bathed - we were bathed - I bathe - you bathe - he bathes - she bathes - we bathe - you bathe - they bathe

Compound Past Tense type 2

ju ishit lar ata ishin lar

- you were bathed - they were bathed

KOHA E ARDHME FUTURE TENSE The Future Tense of the verbs in Albanian is formed by adding before the verbs: DO T = WILL or SHALL ME QEN - TO BE un do t jem ti do t jesh ai do t jet ajo do t jet ne do t jemi ju do t jeni ata do t jen - I will be - you will be - he will be - she will be - we will be - you will be - they will be

ME PAS - TO HAVE un do t kem ju do t keni ai do t ket ajo do t ket ne do t kemi ju do t keni ata do t ken NDAJFOLJA ADVERB Ai punon shpejt. He works quickly. Ajo ecn ngadal. She walks slowly. Sot bn ftoht. Today is cool. Ajo kndon bukur. She sings pretty. - I will have - you will have - he will have - she will have - we will have -you will have - they will have

Shpejt, ngadal, ftoht, bukur are adverbs. EMRI THE NAME Similar to Russian and Germain languages in Albanian, the name changes its ending when used in different cases. EXAMPLE 1. Shkolla nuk sht larg prej ktu. The School is not far from here. shkolla - Nominative Case 2. Oborri i shkolls son sht i madh. The garden of our school is big. i shkolls - Genitiv Case 3. Shkolls son i erdhi nj kompjuter. One computer came to our school. shkolls - Dative Case 4. Ai nuk e harron shkolln. He does`nt forget the school. shkolln - Objective Case 5. T gjitha t mirat i kemi prej shkolls. All what`s good is out of the school. prej shkolls - Ablative Case So they are five cases: Emrore -Nominative Gjinore -Genitive Dhanore -Dative Kallzore -Objective Rrjedhore -Ablative

OTHER EXAMPLES NJERI MAN njeri i (e) njeriut njeriut njeriun (prej) njeriut BUK BREAD buk i (e) buks buks bukn (prej) buks NOMINATIVE GENITIVE DATIVE OBJECTIVE ABLATIVE

SHUMESI I EMRAVE THE PLURAL OF NOUNS In general the plural is formed by changing the endings. But sometimes it changes more than that: Njjs Singular libr njeri grua burr makin dor der gomar kal MBIEMRI ADJECTIVE In general the adjective stand after the name. njeri i mir - good man vajz e keqe - bad girl moll e kuqe - red apple i mir, e keqe, e kuqe are adjectives The article i is for male person and the article e is for female person. THE DEGREES OF ADJECTIVES Shums Plural libra njerz gra burra makina duar dyer gomer kuaj

SHKALLET E MBIEMRIT Comparative Degr m + i + adjective i mir good -m i mir -better i keq bad - m i keq -worse

i bukur - m i bukur pretty - prettier Superlative Degree Formation m + i + adjective (changed the ending) i mir - m i miri (-i) the best i keq - m i keqi (-i) the worst e bukur - m e bukura (-a) the prettiest TRAJTAT E SHKURTRA SHORT FORMS SHORT FORMS are encounteres especially in the spoken albanian language. They are situated generally after the name or pronoun. The meaning and the work the short forms do could be explained better through the following examples. Singular Persons 1. Mua m krkon drejtori. Cilin? Mua (m) The director is calling me. Whom? - me Mua - reflexive pronoun first person singular m - short form first personn singular The short form is so important that it can stand alone, for example: M krkon drejtori. The director is calling me. 2. Ty t dhmb koka. or T dhmb koka. You have a headache. 3. Atij i erdhi nna. or I erdhi nna. His mother came. i = short form third person singular

Plural persons Ne na duhen para. or Na duhen para. We are in nd for money. na = short form first person plural Ju ju mungon kurajo. or Ju mungon kurajo. You lack courage. ju = short form second person plural Atyre u sht ngarkuar kjo pun. They are in charge of this work. u = short form third person plural There are some other forms of the short forms but their study is the object of a detailed grammatical study of albanian language.