Categorization of collaborative planning and decision support tools based on Decision Systems Methodology (DSM) Main steps Tasks

Methods and tools

Number of stakeholders (stakeholder groups) few

State of CoPack description

3

I Problem identification

1. Appointment of the management group

(Modified) Vroom-Yetton model

2. Establishment of the working groups

(Modified) Vroom-Yetton model

3. Identification and consultation of key stakeholders

(Modified) Vroom-Yetton model ===== Q method --------------========== Surveys --------------========== Public Open House =================== Stakeholder analysis ======== Stakeholde Advisory Committees =========== Action Learning Cognitive Mapping (Journey Making, SODA)========------======== Citizens' jurys --------=========== Web casting ------=========== ePanels ------============ Online Surveys ======== Nominal group technique =======------Planning for Real ======== Focus groups ======== Policy exercises ========= Consensus conference ========== CatPac ======== Who Counts matrix =================== Four Rs Framework ========== Influence Matrix/Diagram ============== Venn diagram ======== Flow diagram ======== Systems diagram

3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

(x) (x)

4. Description of current situation

Participatory GIS and social values mapping -------------==========

Surveys CATWOE Stakeholder analysis Stakeholde Advisory Committees Problem Structuring Design charettes Citizens' jurys ePanels Policy exercises Consensus conference World Caf OpenSpace Future Workshop Future Search 3-6-5 Brainwriting Pebble Scoring Visioning and Pathways Bayesian Belief Networks (BBNs) Influence Matrix/Diagram Venn diagram Flow diagram Trend line/Time line Participatory-3 dimension modeling Ishikawa (Fish Bone) Diagram Participatory Mapping -------------========== ---------=================== ======== =============---------------============= ======== ------=========== ======== ========= ========= =================== ======= =================== ======= ============== ========= ================ ========== =============== ========= =============== ================= ====== ================ ======= ======= ======= ======= ==========----==============------========== =============== =================== ===============

3 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 0 3 3 3 3 3 3

(x)

II Structuring and modelling 1. Defining planning objectives of the problem and decision and decision criteria analysis

Mesta(MAV) SMART, WINPRE A'WOT Multicriteria approval (MA) Expert models Cognitive Mapping (Journey Making, SODA) Problem structuring methods Participatory modelling Hope-map Future Search Pebble scoring

x (x)

2. Specifying decision alternative(s)

3. Defining the consequences of decision alternative(s) 4. Decision analysis of alternative(s)

Scenario planning

Mesta (MAV) SMART, WINPRE A'WOT Multicriteria approval (MA) ANP AHP or Regression techniques Negoisst Fuzzy MA Action Learning Sammon Map Web-HIPRE Joint Gains RICH method Scenario analysis Pairwise ranking Web-HIPRE Voting methods Fuzzy Voting Negoisst Sammon Map Task Force

======= =======------======= ======= =======-------=======-------=======--------======= ========= ======= ======= ======= ======= ============ =========== ======= ================== ======= =======--------======= =======

3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

x (x)

5. Decision of the regional objective program

III Selection of actions, activities and operations

1. Identification of possible actions, activities and operations to each sub-objective

Surveys Nominal group technique Participatory modelling Hope-Map Future Search 3-6-5 Brainwriting

---------------========= ======== ========== =============== =================== ====== ======= ---------------=========

3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

2. Classification of actions, activities Multicriteria Approval (MA) Surveys and operations considering their supposed effectiveness and their coherence with other means

x x

3. Selection of actions, activities and operations

Mesta (MAV) SMART A'WOT Multicriteria Approval (MA) ANP AHP or Regression techniques Negoisst Fuzzy MA Sammon Map Web-HIPRE Task Force Joint Gains RICH Decisions Web-HIPRE Voting methods Fuzzy Voting Negoisst Sammon Map

======== ======== ======== ======== ========-------========-------=======-------======== ======== ======== ======== ======== ======== ======== ================== ======== =======-------========

3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

x (x)

4. Decision of the regional action program

IV Implementation, evaluation and monitoring of the regional program

1. Defining criteria for evaluation

2. Implementation and follow up of the regional program

Surveys ePanels Online Surveys Task Force Discourse-based Valuation

========= -----========= ------============ ======== ==========

3 3 3 3 3

x (x) (x)

Categorization of collaborative planning and decision support tools based on Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) Main steps Tasks Methods and tools
Number of stakeholders (stakeholder groups) few many

State of CoPack description

3

I Problem definition

1. Identifying and providing description of the current situation 2. Identification of 'actors', 'clients' and 'owners' within regional program

Trend line/Time line

=============

Stakeholder analysis CATWOE Problem structuring methods Role-plays (Modified) Vroom-Yetton method Qmethod CatPac Who Counts Matrix Four Rs Framework Influence Matrix/Diagram Venn diagram Flow diagram Systems diagram Ishikawa (Fish Bone) Diagram SWOT CATWOE Public Open House Surveys

=================== --------==============-------

3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

==== ========== ======== =================== =========== ============= ======== ======== ======

3. Analysing internal and external needs and pressures of the regional program

-------------------------========== --------------========= Participatory GIS and social values mapping --------------========= ========= A'WOT =================== Stakeholder analysis ========= Stakeholder Advisory Committees ========== Action Learning ========= Sammon Map =========-------Cognitive Mapping (Journey Making, SODA) --------============ Design charettes ========= Citizens' jurys ------========== ePanels ------========== Online Surveys ======== Nominal group technique ========----Planning for Real ======== Task force ============= Scenario analysis ======== Focus groups ======== Policy exercises ============ Participatory modelling ========= Consensus conference ========== CatPac

3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

(x) x (x)

(x) (x) (x)

World Caf Open Space Future Workshop Future Search 3-6-5 Brainwriting Pebble scoring Visioning and Pathways Bayesian Belief Networks (BBNs) Venn diagram Flow diagram Trend line/Time line Participatory-3 dimension modeling Participatory Mapping

======== =================== ======= =================== ====== ============== ========= =============== =============== ========== ============== ================= ================= ===================

3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

4. Constructing an expression of the situation

Stakeholder analysis

II Envisioning/Modelling

1. Identify important problems of the regional program

Surveys Stakehoder analysis Design charettes ePanels Online Surveys Policy exercises Participatory modelling World Caf Future Search 3-6-5 Brainwriting Discourse-based Valuation Participatory-3 dimension modeling CATWOE Action Learning

---------------========= =================== --------============ ----------========= ----------========= ======== =========== ======== =================== ======= =========== ================= ======== =========

3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

(x) (x)

2. Agreement of what the changes needs to be

3. Agreement of feasible and efficient key transformation processes

Nominal group technique Task force

======= =======

3 3

4. Compounding the transformation processes together into an overall conceptual model of the change 5. Identifying sub-processes needed to manage the overall transition and developing them into project plans. III Analysis of the present and comparison with the vision 1. Examining outcomes of the conceptual regional program against current situation
Hope-map

2. Developing common understanding of the feasible and desirable changes of the regional program

Negoisst SMART, WINPRE Voting methods Mesta Multicriteria Approval Fuzzy Voting Fuzzy MA Web-HIPRE Task force Joint Gains Participatory modelling Consensus conference Future Search Pairwise ranking AHP or Regression techniques ANP Sammon Map Citizens' juries RICH Decisions

=========-------========--=================== ======== ======== ======== ======== ======== ======== ======== ========== ========= =================== =========== =======-------======== ======== ======== ========

3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

(x) x x

IV Mission, i.e. changing the situation towards the direction stated in the core vision

1. Recommending feasible and competent actions, activities and operations to improve the situation

(x)

2. Decision of actions, activities and operations

Voting (SMART, WINPRE) Negoisst Voting methods Multicriteria Approval (MA) Fuzzy Voting Fuzzy MA Web-HIPRE Task force Pairwise ranking

========--==========-------=================== ======== ======== ======== ======== ======== ==========

3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

(x) (x) x

Process chart of Decision Systems Methodology (DSM)

Main steps
I Problem identification

II Structuring and modelling of the problem and decision analysis

III Selection of actions, activities and operations

IV Implementation, evaluation and monitoring of the regional program

Tasks
1. Appointment of the management group 2. Establishment of the working group 3. Identification and consultation of key stakeholders 4. Description of current situation 1. Defining planning objectives and decision criteria 2. Specifying decision alternative(s) 3. Defining the consequences of decision alternative(s) 4. Decision analysis of alternative(s) 5. Decision of the regional program 1. Identification of possible actions, activities and operations to each sub-objective 2. Classification of actions, activities and operations considering their supposed effectiveness and their coherence with other means 3. Selection of actions, activities and operations 4. Decision of the regional program 1. Defining criteria for evaluation 2. Implementation and follow up of the regional program

Process chart of Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) Main steps

I Problem definition

Tasks 1. Identifying and providing description of the current situation 2. Identification of 'actors', 'clients' and 'owners' within regional program 3. Analysing internal and external needs and pressures of the regional program 4. Constructing an expression of the situation

II Envisioning/Modelling

1. Identify important problems of the regional program 2. Agreement of what the changes needs to be Carry out CATWOE analysis 3. Agreement of feasible and efficient key transformation processes 4. Compounding the transformation processes together into an overall conceptual model of the change 5. Identifying sub-processes needed to manage the overall transition and developing them into project plans.

III Analysis of the present and comparison with the vision

1. Examining outcomes of the conceptual regional program against current situation 2. Developing common understanding of the feasible and desirable changes of the regional program

IV Mission, i.e. changing the situation towards the direction stated in the core vision

1. Recommending feasible and competent actions, activities and operations to improve the situation 2. Decision of actions, activities and operations