10 Parts of speech

1. A common noun is a person, place, idea, or thing. It is capitalized only at the start of a sentence. It can be a single word, a group of words, or a hyphenated word. Examples: The girl was learning to drive person (girl) next to the ocean; place (ocean) it takes self-control idea (self-control) to earn a driver's license. thing (license) 2. A proper noun is the name of a person, place, or thing. It is always capitalized. It may be a single word, a group of words (with or without abbreviations), or a hyphenated word. Examples: Josh was honored person (Josh) at U.S. Memorial Auditorium place (U.S. Memorial Auditorium) with the Smith-Lee Award. thing (Smith-Lee Award) 3. A pronoun is a word used in place of a noun(s). It can be in the subject case, acting as a "do-er" of the action in the subject case, or acting as a "receiver" of the action in the object case. Pronouns can also serve as singular or plural possessives to show ownership. Examples: She walked to town. subject case (She) I gave her a basket. object case (her) It was his wallet. possessive (his)

4. An adjective describes a proper noun, a common noun, or a pronoun by describing how many, what kind, or which one.

Examples: The five teammates How Many? (five) took the tiring trip What Kind? (tiring) to that arena across town. Which One? (that) 5. A verb shows a physical or mental action or it describes a state of being. Examples: She works long hours, physical action (works) but knows that mental action (knows) there is more to life than work. state of being (is) 6. An adverb describes a verb, an adjective, or another adverb by describing how, when, where, or what degree. Examples: Trey walked slowly How? (slowly) because he had arrived early When? (early) to the place where Where? (where) he knew very well. What Degree? (very well) 7. A preposition is a word that has a relationship with a common noun, a proper noun, or a pronoun. The preposition is always part of a phrase comes and comes before its object. The preposition asks "What?" and the object provides the answer. Examples: The politician voted against the law (against) what?...the law through the secret ballot. (through) what?...the secret ballot

8. A conjunction joins words, phrases, or clauses together. There are three kinds:

-Coordinating conjunctions connect words, phrases, or clauses used in the same way. Example: The student tries, but does not always succeed. (but) -Correlative conjunctions are paired conjunctions that connect words, phrases, or clauses used in the same way. Example: Either you must tell the police, or I will. (either, or) -Subordinating conjunctions come at the beginning of adverb clauses. These clauses restrict the meaning of the rest of the sentence. Example: Although he is often late, Ryan shows up to work every day. (Although) 9. An article determines number or identification of a noun and always precedes a noun. The "a" article signals a singular noun beginning with a consonant. The "an" article signals a plural noun beginning with a vowel. Examples: A lion and an elephant are considered the "kings of the jungle." (a, an, the) 10. An interjection is a word or phrase that shows surprise or emotion. It is usually followed by an exclamation point. Example: Hey! Stop that. (Hey!)